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HOST SPECIFICITY AND SUITABILITY OF APION HOOKERI KIRBY (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), A CANDIDATE FOR THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SCENTLESS CHAMOMILE, MATRICARIA PERFORATA MÉRAT (ASTERACEAE), IN CANADA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D.P. Peschken
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4P 3A2
K.C. Sawchyn
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4P 3A2

Abstract

Scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata Mérat [= Matricaria maritima var. agrestis (Knaf) Wilmot], is a widely distributed, rapidly spreading and aggressive weed, especially in the three Prairie Provinces. The seed-feeding weevil, Apion hookeri Kirby (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is widespread and common in its native range in the Palaearctic. It occurs in such differing climates as the Mediterranean in northern Africa and the boreal climate of western Siberia. The weevil was screened for its host specificity. In the laboratory, females oviposited into the flowers of species in six genera of the tribe Anthemideae, and one species in the tribe Astereae. However, the larvae developed only in Matricaria species, and one adult emerged from stinking mayweed, Anthemis cotula L. In a choice test, ovipositing A. hookeri preferred scentless chamomile 93:1 over stinking mayweed. These results confirm host records in the European literature. It is concluded that A. hookeri is a host-specific and promising agent for the biological control of scentless chamomile.

Résumé

La Matricaire maritime, Matricaria perforata Mérat [= Matricaria maritima var. agrestis (Knaf) Wilmot], est une mauvaise herbe agressive très répandue, à dispersion rapide, particulièrement dans les trois provinces des Prairies. Le charançon Apion hookeri Kirby (Coleoptera : Curculionidae), qui se nourrit de graines, est commun et répandu dans son aire d’origine dans la région paléarctique. Il survit aussi bien dans le climat méditerranéen du nord de l’Afrique que duns le climat boréal de l’ouest de la Sibérie. La spécificité d’hôte du charançon a été éprouvée. En laboratoire, les femelles ont pondu dans les fleurs d’espèces appartenant à six genres de la tribu des Anthemideae et dans les fleurs d’une espèce de la tribu des Astereae. Cependant, les larves ne se sont développées que dans les espèces de Matricaria et un adulte a émergé dans la Camomille maroute, Anthemis cotula L. Mis en présence de choix, les charançons ont préféré pondre dans la Matricaire maritime plutôt que dans la Camomille maroute selon un rapport de 93 : 1. Ces résultats confirment les listes d’hôtes du charançon rencontrées dans la litérature européenne. Il faut conclure que le charançon A. hookeri a une grande spécificité d’hôte et constitue un agent très prometteur de contrôle de la Matricaire maritime.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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