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GAMMA RADIATION DOSES FOR PREVENTING PUPARIATION AND ADULT EMERGENCE OF RHAGOLETIS MENDAX (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Jennifer L. Sharp  and
Sridhar Polavarapu
Jennifer L. Sharp
Affiliation:
Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, USDA-ARS, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, Florida, USA 33158
Sridhar Polavarapu*
Affiliation:
Rutgers Blueberry and Cranberry Research Center, Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, New Jersey, USA 08019
*
1Author to whom all correspondence should he addressed.
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Abstract

Blueberry maggot, Rhagoletis mendax Curran, eggs and larvae infesting highbush ’Bluecrop’ and ’Elizabeth’ blueberries, Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae), were treated with 4–1200 Gy of gamma radiation. The treatment reduced the number of immature stages that pupated and the number of adults that emerged from puparia. The lethal dose for 99.9968% mortality (LD 99.9968%) [lower and upper fiducial limits (FL)] estimated by linear regression analysis to stop pupariation was 1486 (1400–1585) Gy, at the 95% confidence level. The LD 99.99968% (lower and upper FL) estimated to stop flies emerging from puparia irradiated as immature stages was 88 (83–93) Gy, at the 95% confidence level as estimated by regression analysis. An estimated 100 762 larvae were killed, with no survivors, by irradiating 853 918 ’Bluecrop’ blueberries in bulk quantities with 71–776 Gy with a commercial irradiator. No flies or parasites emerged from puparia irradiated as larvae with ≥ 71 and > 80 Gy using commercial and research irradiators, respectively. Infestation rate of blueberry maggot larvae in nonirradiated ’Bluecrop’ and ’Elizabeth’ blueberries averaged 11.1 ± 1.2% and 14.3 ± 2.4%, respectively; the range of infestation rate was from 6.3% to 14.8% and 9.8% to 18%, respectively. Parasitism of blueberry maggot larvae by the larval–puparial parasite, Diachasmimorpha (Opius) mellea (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), averaged 10.1 ± 2.4% (range 3–13.3%).

Résumé

Des oeufs et des larves de la Mouche de l’airelle, Rhagoletis mendax Curran, infestant les cultivars Bluecrop et Elizabeth de l’airelle de corymbe, Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae), ont été irradiés au moyen de rayons gamma de 4–1200 grays (Gy). Le traitement a entraîné la réduction du nombre de larves qui ont formé leur puparium et le nombre d’adultes émergés des pupariums. La dose LD 99,9968% [limites de confiance (FL) inférieure et supérieure] nécessaire pour inhiber la formation du puparium a été estimée à 1486 (1400–1585) Gy par régression linéaire, avec un intervalle de confiance de 95%. La dose LD 99,9968% (FL supérieure et inférieure) nécessaire à l’inhibition de l’émergence des pupariums par irradiation des larves a été estimée à 88 (83–93) Gy par analyse de régression, avec un intervalle de confiance de 95%. Un total estimé de 100 762 larves ont été tuées, sans qu’il y ait de survivant, en irradiant de 71–776 Gy 853 918 baies Bluecrop en masse au moyen d’un diffuseur commercial de radiations. Aucune mouche ou parasite n’est émergé des pupariums irradiés (au stade larvaire) de ≥ 71 Gy au moyen d’un diffuseur commercial et de > 80 Gy au moyen d’un irradiateur de recherche. Le taux d’infestation des larves de la Mouche de l’airelle a été évalué en moyenne à 11,1 ± 1,2% (étendue des taux d’infestation 6,3 à 14,8%) dans les baies Bluecrop et à 14,3 ± 2,4% (étendue des taux d’infestation 9,8 à 18%) dans les baies Elizabeth. Les larves de la Mouche de l’airelle étaient parasitées par Diachasmimorpha (Opius) mellea (Gahan) (Hymenoptera : Braconidae), qui infeste larves et pupariums, à raison de 10,1 ± 2,4% en moyenne (étendue 3–13,3%).

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 4 , August 1999 , pp. 549 - 555
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

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