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THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS’ GENUS NEORYCTES ARROW (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Joyce Cook ,
H.F. Howden  and
S.B. Peck
Joyce Cook
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
H.F. Howden
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
S.B. Peck
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
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Abstract

The endemic Galápagos’ genus Neoryctes Arrow has had a confused nomenclatorial and taxonomic history. Evaluation of morphological variation in the 41 specimens now available confirms the distinctiveness of the genus and establishes the existence of four species, each restricted to a single island. The original Darwin specimen, named Oryctes galapagoensis by G.R. Waterhouse in 1845, is shown to be from Isla Santiago. Two other names are valid: N. linelli Mutchler for the population on San Cristobal and N. moreti Dechambre for the one on Santa Cruz. The population on Floreana is named as a new species, N. williamsi. Neoryctes most likely originated from a Pentodontini dynastine ancestor from lowland South or Central America. The ancestor first dispersed to Isla San Cristobal, one of the oldest islands. It is hypothesized that before hindwing reduction occurred, which is now characteristic of all members of the genus, individuals from San Cristobal spread to the other islands. Subsequently, possibly during periods of Pleistocene aridity, each population became restricted to its present range in the moist highland zone of an individual island.

Résumé

L’histoire de la taxonomie et de la nomenclature du genre Neoryctes Arrow, endémique dans les îles Galápagos, est plutôt confuse. L’évaluation de la variation morphologique chez les 41 spécimens disponibles a confirmé la validité du genre et permis d’affirmer l’existence de quatre espèces, chacune restreinte à une seule île. Le spécimen original de Darwin, nommé Oryctes galapagoensis par G.R. Waterhouse en 1845, provient de l’île Santiago. Deux autres noms sont valides : N. linelli Mutchler, qui désigne la population de San Cristobal, et N. moreti Dechambre, celle de Santa Cruz. La population de Floreana appartient à une espèce nommée ici, N. williamsi sp.nov. Neoryctes descend probablement d’un dynastiné de la tribu des Pentodontini des basses terres d’Amérique du Sud ou d’Amérique centrale. L’espèce d’origine s’est dispersée d’abord dans l’île de San Cristobal, l’une des plus vieilles îles. On peut supposer qu’avant la réduction des ailes postérieures, qui caractérise toutes les espèces actuelles du genre, des individus de San Cristobal ont colonisé d’autres îles. Par la suite, peut-être au cours des périodes d’aridité du Pléistocène, chaque population s’est vue restreinte à sa répartition actuelle dans les terres hautes humides d’une île en particulier.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 127 , Issue 2 , April 1995 , pp. 177 - 193
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1995

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