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FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF THE FIRST-INSTAR CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA AND CHORISTONEURA PINUS PINUS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

A. Retnakaran ,
W.L. Tomkins ,
M.J. Primavera  and
S.R. Palli
A. Retnakaran
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
W.L. Tomkins
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
M.J. Primavera
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
S.R. Palli
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
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Abstract

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We have discovered that, contrary to the long-held belief, 1st-instar spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens, do feed. They display red alimentary tracts if they are provided with diet containing the red dye amaranth. They graze on the surface of balsam fir needles sprayed with rhodamine and ingest the fluorescent material, which can be detected in the frass pellets deposited inside the hibernacula. When emerging 1st instars were allowed to crawl on the inside surface of a glass tube coated with the polyhedral inclusion bodies of a recombinant C. fumiferana virus containing the gene for the green fluorescent protein, the larvae showed the characteristic green fluorescence, indicating that not only had they ingested the occlusion bodies but also the virus had replicated and infected different tissues. Similar results were obtained with the jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Freeman, which has an identical life history. The advantages of early-instar intervention to minimize defoliation by using control agents such as the ecdysteroid agonist, tebufenozide (RH-5992, Mimic® formulation), are discussed.

Résumé

Nous avons découvert que, contrairement à la croyance générale, les larves de premier stade de la Tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana, se nourrissent. Leur canal alimentaire devient rouge lorsqu’elles sont soumises à un régime contenant le colorant rouge amaranthe. Les larves râclent la surface d’aiguilles de sapin enduites de rhodamine et ingèrent le produit fluorescent qui se retrouve dans les boulettes fécales déposées dans l’hibernaculum. A leur sortie de l’hibernaculum, des larves ont été acheminées vers la surface interne d’un tube de verre enduit de corps d’inclusion polyhédriques (PIB) d’un virus recombinant de C. fumiferana (CfMNPV) contenant le gène de la protéine fluorescente verte (GFP); les larves sont alors devenues vertes et fluorescentes, ce qui indique non seulement qu’elles ont ingéré les corps d’inclusion, mais qu’il y a eu replication du virus qui a infecté plusieurs tissus. Des résultats semblables ont été obtenus chez la Tordeuse du pin gris, C. pinus pinus Freeman, qui a le même type de cycle biologique. Les avantages d’intervenir dès les premiers stades pour minimiser la défoliation au moyen d’agents de lutte comme le tébufénozide (RH-5992, formule Mimic®), un agoniste ecdystéroïde, sont examinés.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 1 , February 1999 , pp. 79 - 84
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

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