Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T11:18:34.687Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

ENHANCED WOODPECKER PREDATION ON THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE HOPK., IN GLYPHOSATE-TREATED LODGEPOLE PINES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

David J. Bergvinson
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CanadaV5A 1S6
John H. Borden
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CanadaV5A 1S6

Abstract

Lodgepole pines, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., treated with the herbicide glyphosate applied by axe frill or drill hole into the sapwood around the root collar, were readily infested by mountain pine beetles, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. On trees treated with 360 mg of glyphosate per centimetre of circumference, foraging woodpeckers, Picoides spp., debarked 15% of the bole surface within 10 weeks and > 30% after 1 year, compared with < 5% for controls. Foraging efficiency on mountain pine beetle at 4 m exceeded 90% after applications by axe frill of glyphosate at doses of 360, 36, and 3.6 mg per centimetre of circumference, compared with < 50% for controls. Glyphosate-treated trees rapidly became suitable for cavity excavation by woodpeckers.

Résumé

L’aubier du pin vrille, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., traité avec l’herbicide glyphosate appliqué ècorcer au dans des trous percés autour de la base du tronc, a été infesté par le dendroctone du pin ponderosa Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. Sur les arbres traités avec 360 mg de glyphosate par centimètre de circonférence, les pics Picoides spp. ont écorcé 15% de la surface du tronc en moins de 10 semaines et plus de 30% après 1 an, comparativement à moins de 5% pour les arbres contrôles. L’efficacité de forage des pics sur dendroctone du pin ponderosa à 4 m dépassait 90% après application écorcer de glyphosate à des doses de 360, 36 et 3.6 mg par centimètre de circonférence, compartivement à moins de 50% pour les arbres contrôles. Les arbres traités au glyphosate se sont avérés rapidement favorables au creusage de trous par les pics.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Atkinson, D. 1985. Toxicological properties of glyphosate — a summary. pp. 127–150 in Grossbard, E., and Atkinson, D. (Eds.), The Herbicide Glyphosate. Butterworths, Toronto. 490 pp.Google Scholar
Bergvinson, D.J. 1989. Enhanced development and biological control of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, in lodgepole pine treated with glyphosate. M.P.M. Prof. Pap., Simon Fraser Univ., Burnaby, B.C., Canada. 77 pp.Google Scholar
Bergvinson, D.J., and Borden, J.H.. 1991. Glyphosate-induced changes in the attack success and development of the mountain pine beetle and impact of its natural enemies. Entomologia exp. appl. 60: 203212.Google Scholar
Bergvinson, D.J., and Borden, J.H.. 1992. Enhanced colonization by the blue stain fungus, Ophiostoma clavigerum, in glyphosate-treated sapwood of lodgepole pines. Can. J. For. Res. In press.Google Scholar
Berryman, A.A. 1976. Theoretical explanation of mountain pine beetle dynamics in lodgepole pine forests. Environ. Ent. 5: 12251233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borden, J.H. 1990. Use of semiochemicals to manage coniferous pests in western Canada. pp. 281–315 in Ridgway, R., Silverstein, R.M., and Inscoe, M. (Eds.), Practical Applications of Insect Pheromones and Other Attractants. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY. 761 pp.Google Scholar
Duke, S.O., Hoagland, R.E., and Elmore, C.D.. 1980. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. Plant Physiol. 65: 1721.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knight, F.B. 1958. The effects of woodpeckers on populations of the Engelmann spruce beetle. J. econ. Ent. 51: 603607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koplin, J.R. 1969. The numerical response of woodpeckers to insect prey in a subalpine forest in Colorado. Condor 71: 436438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Korol, J.J. 1986. A simulation of predation by non-game birds on the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae). Ph.D. thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. 174 pp.Google Scholar
Lester, A.N. 1980. Numerical response of woodpeckers and their effect on mortality of mountain pine beetles in lodgepole pine in northwestern Montana. M.Sc. thesis, University of Montana, Missoula, MT. 103 pp.Google Scholar
Mason, R.R. 1969. A simple technique for measuring oleoresin exudation flow in pines. For. Sci. 15: 5657.Google Scholar
Moeck, H. A., and Safranyik, L.. 1984. Assessment of predator and parasitoid control of bark beetles. Environ. Can., C.F.S. Inf. Rep. BC-X-248. 24 pp.Google Scholar
Otvos, I.S. 1965. Studies on avian predators of Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), with special reference to Picidae. Can. Ent. 97: 11841199.Google Scholar
Otvos, I.S. 1979. The effects of insectivorous bird activities in forest ecosystems: An evaluation. pp. 341–374 in Dickson, J.G., Connor, R.N., Fleet, R.R., Jackson, J.A., and Kroll, J.C. (Eds.), The Role of Insectivorous Birds in Forest Ecosystems. Academic Press, New York, NY. 381 pp.Google Scholar
Safranyik, L., Shrimpton, D.M., and Whitney, H.S.. 1974. Management of lodgepole pine to reduce losses from the mountain pine beetle. Environ. Can. For. Serv., For. Tech. Rep. 1. 26 pp.Google Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. 1988. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Version 6.03. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC. 1028 pp.Google Scholar
Tunnock, A. Jr, 1960. A biological evaluation of a mountain pine beetle infestation in Glacier National Park, Montana, season of 1959. Unpubl. Rep., Intermtn. Forest and Range Exp. Stn., Ogden, UT. 4 pp.Google Scholar