Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T04:18:49.941Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

EMODIN IN BUCKTHORN: A FEEDING DETERRENT TO PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Henry Trial Jr.  and
J. B. Dimond
Henry Trial Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine, Orono 04469
J. B. Dimond
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine, Orono 04469
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Emodin, a mixture of anthraquinones, occurs in the Rhamnaceae and functions as a deterrent to foliage-feeding insects. There was little attack on foliage of Rhamnus alnifolia in wild stands compared with associated species of woody plants. Anthraquinones extracted from foliage of R. alnifolia were similar to purchased emodin in thin-layer chromatographic and infra-red spectroscopic analyses. Quantities of emodin in foliage samples were high in May, declining to low levels in August. Leaf powders, leaf extracts, and purchased emodin all showed feeding deterrent activity when mixed with artificial diets and assayed with gypsy moth larvae. Purchased emodin showed similar activity when sprayed on foliage of small cherry trees and assayed with eastern tent caterpillar larvae.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 111 , Issue 2 , February 1979 , pp. 207 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blatchley, W. A. 1910. Coleoptera of Indiana. Nature Publishing, Indianapolis. 1386 pp.Google Scholar
Dethier, V. G. 1970. Chemical interactions between plants and insects. pp. 83–102in Sandheimer, E. and Simeone, J. (Eds.), Chemical Ecology. Academic Press, N.Y.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feeny, P. 1975. Biochemical coevolution between plants and their insect herbivores. In Gilbert, L. E. and Raven, P. H. (Eds.), Coevolution of Animals and Plants. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Gupta, P. D. and Thorsteinson, A. J.. 1960. Food plant relationships of the diamond-back moth (Plutella maculipennis (Curt.)). Entomologia exp. appl. 3: 241–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hegnauer, R. 1973. Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen, Vol. 6. Birkhausen Verlag Basel and Stuttgart. 882 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous Plants of the United States and Canada. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey. 626 pp.Google Scholar
Labadie, R. P. 1970. The anthracene derivatives in Rhamnus frangula L. I. The aglycones. Pharm. Weekblad. 105: 189–195.Google Scholar
Labadie, R. P. and Svendson, A. B.. 1967 a. Thin layer chromatographic separation of naturally occurring anthraquinones. Pharm. Weekblad. 102: 169–171.Google Scholar
Labadie, R. P. and Svendson, A. B.. 1967 b. Preparative thin layer chromatography of naturally occurring anthraquinones. Pharm. Weekblad. 102: 615–617.Google ScholarPubMed
Labadie, R. P. and Svendson, A. B.. 1968. Thin-layer chromatographic separation and identification of reduced naturally occurring hydroxyanthraquinones. Pharm. Weekblad. 103: 1177–1180.Google ScholarPubMed
Leonard, D. E. and Doane, C. C.. 1966. An artificial diet for gypsy moth, Porthetria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 59: 462–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malicky, H., Sabhian, R., and Zwolfer, H.. 1970. Investigation of the possibilities of biological control of Rhamnus cathartica L. in Canada: host ranges, feeding sites, and phenology of insects associated with European Rhamnaceae. Z. angew. Ent. 65: 77–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, T. 1975. The organic constituents of higher plants. 3rd ed. Cordus Press, North Amherst, MA347 pp.Google Scholar
Sherburne, J. A. 1972. Effects of seasonal changes in the abundance and chemistry of the fleshy fruits of northeastern woody shrubs on patterns of exploitation by fructivorous birds. Ph.D. Thesis, Cornell Univ. 155 pp.Google Scholar
Whittaker, R. H. and Feeny, P. P.. 1971. Allelochemics: chemical interactions between species. Science 171: 757–770.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed