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EFFICIENCY OF FOOD UTILIZATION BY HELIOTHIS ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) FED ARTIFICIAL DIETS OR GREEN BEANS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Allen C. Cohen  and
Raymond Patana
Allen C. Cohen
Affiliation:
Biological Control of Insects Laboratory, ARS-USDA, Tucson, Arizona 85719
Raymond Patana
Affiliation:
Biological Control of Insects Laboratory, ARS-USDA, Tucson, Arizona 85719
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Abstract

Second-instar Heliothis zea (more than the 275th generation) larvae from a 16-year-old culture, were fed either green beans or artificial diet until they reached the pupal stage and then were compared to determine their relative fitness to the two diets. They proved at least as well adapted to beans as to artificial diet with regard to most parameters. Final larval weights were equal, as were pupal dry weights. Wet weights were higher in diet-fed than in bean-fed pupae. Dry food consumption was higher in diet-fed larvae than in bean-fed larvae, but the reverse was true of wet food consumption. Total food consumption by larvae was limited by food volume rather than weight or composition. The larval stage was shorter in diet-fed than in bean-fed larvae; and diet-fed larvae had better survival, higher body nitrogen, and body energy content. Oxygen consumption was lower in bean-fed than in diet-fed larvae. Efficiency of food utilization was higher for bean-fed than for diet-fed larvae both in terms of dry matter conversion and energy conversion. Nitrogen utilization efficiencies were the same for both diets.

Résumé

Des larves de deuxième stade de Heliothis zea maintenues en culture depuis 16 ans (au moins 275 générations) ont été nourries soit de fèves vertes, soit d'un régime artificiel, et ce jusqu'au stade pupal alors qu'elles ont été comparées afin de déterminer leur adaptation relative aux deux diètes. L'insecte est apparu également bien adapté aux fèves et au régime artificiel pour la plupart des paramètres. Les poids atteints par les larves étaient les mêmes, de même que les poids secs des pupes. Le poids frais des pupes était plus élevé chez les individus nourris du régime que chez ceux nourris de fèves. La consommation de matière sèche s'est avérée plus élevée pour les larves nourries de fèves, à l'inverse de la consommation exprimée en poids frais. La consommation totale de nourriture par les larves est apparue limitée par le volume de la nourriture plutôt que par son poids ou sa composition. Le développement larvaire a été plus court chez les larves nourries du régime que chez celles nourries de fèves; les larves nourries du régime ont aussi montré une meilleure survie et une teneur corporelle en azote et en énergie plus élevées. La consommation d'oxygène des larves nourries de fèves était plus faible que chez celles nourries du régime. L'efficacité d'utilisation de la nourriture était plus élevée chez les larves nourries de fèves que chez celles nourries du régime, aussi bien pour la conversion de matière sèche que pour la consommation d'énergie. Les efficacités d'utilisation de l'azote étaient similaires pour les deux diètes.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 2 , February 1984 , pp. 139 - 146
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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