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EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD AND TEMPERATURE ON CALLING BEHAVIOUR OF THE GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR L. (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R. P. Webster  and
C.-M. Yin
R. P. Webster
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA 01003
C.-M. Yin*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA 01003
*
2Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

Female gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), exhibited a distinct calling rhythm at 17 °C, with peak calling ca. 4.0 h before the beginning of scotophase and minimal calling at or near the onset of the photophase (4.0 h). The rhythm persisted under continuous darkness (DD) and is thus circadian. The duration of calling in DD was shorter than that under a 16 h L: 8 h D photoperiodic regime. In contrast, under continuous light (LL) females called continuously and no overt rhythm was observed. Individuals kept under LL from the beginning of the pupal stage exhibited a distinct calling rhythm following a transfer to DD. The influence of temperature on the calling rhythm of L. dispar differed from most other species of moths studied to date. At lower temperature the onset of calling occurred later than at higher temperatures. The duration of the calling period increased from 11.1 h at 9 °C to continuous calling at 35 °C. The responses of females to temperature changes made at different times during the calling period suggest that the timing of calling in L. dispar does not depend on absolute temperature level.

Résumé

Les femelles de la Spongieuse, Lymantria dispar (L.), émettent des cris d’appel selon un rythme particulier à 17 C, la période la plus intense se produisant ca. 4,0 h avant le début de la scotophase, la période la moins intense, vers le début de la photophase (4,0 h). Le rythme se maintient dans des conditions d’obscurité continue et il s’agit donc d’un rythme circadien. La période des appels dure moins longtemps à l’obscurité continue (OO) que dans des conditions LO 16 : 8 de photopériode. En revanche, dans des conditions de lumière continue (LL), les femelles n’interrompent pas leurs appels et ne les émettent pas selon un rythme particulier. Les individus gardés à la lumière continue (LL) depuis le début du stade de chrysalide adoptent un rythme d’émission d’appels après leur transfert à des conditions OO. L’effet de la température sur le rythme des appels chez la Spongieuse diffère de celui qui a été constaté chez la plupart des autres espèces de papillons nocturnes étudiés à ce jour. A basse température, la période d’appel commence plus tard qu’à température plus élevée. La durée de la période des appels augmente de 11,1 h à 9 C jusqu’ à devenir continue à 35 C. La réaction des femelles aux changements de température à différents moments au cours de la période des appels indique que le moment choisi pour émettre des appels chez L. dispar ne dépend pas du niveau absolu de température.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 129 , Issue 5 , October 1997 , pp. 843 - 854
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

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