Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:21:26.435Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

EFFECT OF UROPHORA CARDUI (L.) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) AND CEUTORHYNCHUS LITURA (F.) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) ON THE WEED CANADA THISTLE, CIRSIUM ARVENSE (L.) SCOP.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D.P. Peschken  and
J.L. Derby
D.P. Peschken
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, CanadaS4P 3A2
J.L. Derby
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, CanadaS4P 3A2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Stress caused by two biocontrol agents on their weed host Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Asteraceae] was investigated. The combined attack of the gall-fly Urophora cardui (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the stem-mining weevil Ceutorhynchus litura (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) caused a significant reduction in the vigour of the attacked plants as measured by the number of live buds in the 1st year and by the dry weight of the roots in the 3rd year. The attacks did not significantly reduce the number of aborted buds, mature seed heads, and new shoots, nor the combined dry weight of the leaves, stems, and galls as compared with Canada thistle plants that had not been galled or mined, in any of the 3 years. Non-structural carbohydrate content of the roots of attacked shoots was found significantly reduced only at the end of the mining period.

Résumé

Le stress engendré par deux agents de contrôle du Chardon des champs [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Asteraceae] a été évalué. L’attaque combinée de la mouche gallicole Urophora cardui (L.) (Diptera : Tephritidae) et du charançon mineur des tiges Ceutorhynchus litura (F.) (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) a réduit considérablement la vigueur des plants affectés à en juger par le nombre de bourgeons vivants la 1ère année et par la masse sèche des racines la 3me année. Après comparaison des plants affectés à des plants restés sains au cours de ces 3 années, il faut conclure que les attaques n’ont pas diminué significativement le nombre de bourgeons avortés, le nombre de fructifications ou le nombre de nouvelles pousses, ni non plus les masses sèches combinées des feuilles, tiges et galles. Le contenu en hydrates de carbone non relié à la structure des racines s’est avéré significativement réduit dans les plants attaqués seulement à la fin de la période de minage.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 145 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Coukel, W.A. 1966. Carbohydrate levels in lateral roots of Cirsium arvense following various cultural and chemical treatments. M. Sc. thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man. 48 pp.Google Scholar
Dreywood, R. 1946. Qualitative test for carbohydrate material. Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 18: 499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fairbairn, N.J. 1953. A modified anthrone reagent. J. Chem. Ind. 4: 86.Google Scholar
Forsyth, S.F. 1983. Stress physiology and biological weed control: A case study with Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.). Ph. D. thesis, Department of Plant Science, Macdonald College of McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, P.Q. 330 pp.Google Scholar
Forsyth, S.F., and Watson, A.K.. 1985. Stress inflicted by organisms on Canada thistle. pp. 425–431 in Delfosse, E.S. (Ed.), Proc. VI Int. Symp. Biol. Contr. Weeds. 19–25 Aug. 1984, Vancouver, B.C. 882 pp.Google Scholar
Lalonde, R.G., and Shorthouse, J.D.. 1984. Developmental morphology of the gall of Urophora cardui (Diptera, Tephritidae) in the stems of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Can. J. Bot. 62: 1372–1384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lalonde, R.G., and Shorthouse, J.D.. 1985. Growth and development of larvae and galls of Urophora cardui (Diptera, Tephritidae) on Cirsium arvense. Oecologia (Berlin) 65: 161–165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nadeau, L.B., and Vanden Born, W.H.. 1989. The root system of Canada thistle. Can. J. Plant Sci. 69: 1199–1206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pemberton, R.W. 1986. The impact of a stem-boring insect on the tissues, physiology and reproduction of Russian thistle. Entomologia exp. appl. 42: 169–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peschken, D.P., Finnamore, D.P., and Watson, A.K.. 1982. Biocontrol of the weed Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense): Releases and development of the gall fly Urophora cardui (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Canada. Can. Ent. 114: 349–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peschken, D.P., and Harris, P.. 1975. Host specificity and biology of Urophora cardui (Diptera: Tephritidae). A biocontrol agent for Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Can. Ent. 107: 1101–1110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peschken, D.P., and Wilkinson, D.P.. 1981. Biocontrol of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense): Releases and effectiveness of Ceutorhynchus litura (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Canada. Can. Ent. 113: 777–785.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rees, N.E. 1990. Establishment, dispersal and influence of Ceutorhynchus litura (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) in the Gallatin Valley of Montana. Weed Science 38: 198–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D., Paulsen, G.M., and Raguse, C.A.. 1964. Extraction of total available carbohydrates from grass and legume tissue. Plant Physiol. 39: 960–962.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walter, H., and Lieth, H.. 1960. Klimadiagram-Weltatlas. Fischer Verlag, Jena.Google Scholar