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Effect of nest microclimate temperatures on metabolic rates of small carpenter bees, Ceratina calcarata (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 August 2020

Miriam H. Richards Open the ORCID record for Miriam H. Richards [Opens in a new window] ,
Andrea Cardama Garate ,
Mary Shehata ,
Derrick Groom ,
Glenn J. Tattersall  and
Kenneth C. Welch Jr.
Miriam H. Richards*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada
Andrea Cardama Garate
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada
Mary Shehata
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada
Derrick Groom
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G5, Canada
Glenn J. Tattersall
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada
Kenneth C. Welch Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G5, Canada
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Small carpenter bees (Ceratina calcarata Robertson) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) build their nests in both sunny and shady sites, so maternal decisions about nest sites influence the thermal environment experienced by juveniles throughout development. A previous study demonstrated that when larvae and pupae were raised in the laboratory at room temperature, those from sunny nests developed more slowly than those from shady nests. This suggested that bees developing in sunny nests slowed their metabolism or that bees developing in shady nests increased their metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we performed a field experiment in which bees nested in full sun, full shade, or semi-shade. We brought larvae and pupae into the laboratory to be raised to adulthood at room temperature and measured their metabolic rates (VCO2) at 10 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C. As expected, bees had higher VCO2 at higher test temperatures, but significant interaction also occurred between test temperature and field treatment, such that bees from sunny nests exhibited higher metabolic rates at 40 °C. Because small carpenter bees frequently nest in full sun, adaptation to high nest temperatures may involve activation of thermal protection mechanisms at the cost of slower development.

Type
Research Papers
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 152 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 772 - 782
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

†

Present address: Department of Biology, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States of America

Subject editor: Katie Marshall

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