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DEVELOPMENT OF A CHEMICAL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR THE PINE FALSE WEBWORM, ACANTHOLYDA ERYTHROCEPHALA (L.) (HYMENOPTERA: PAMPHILIIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D. Barry Lyons ,
Blair V. Helson ,
Geraldine C. Jones  and
John W. McFarlane
D. Barry Lyons
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Ontario Region, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
Blair V. Helson
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Forest Pest Management Institute, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
Geraldine C. Jones
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Ontario Region, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
John W. McFarlane
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Forest Pest Management Institute, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
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Abstract

The pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.) (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), is an introduced sawfly that is becoming increasingly important as a pest of pine plantations in Ontario. Laboratory bioassays of 10 insecticides, applied to excised pine branches containing eggs immediately prior to hatching, indicated that carbaryl and permethrin at low dosages were efficacious in controlling larvae. Neither carbaryl nor permethrin affected egg hatch, and field trials at various dosages indicated that 500 g AI per ha of carbaryl significantly reduced larval numbers and mitigated defoliation of 1-year-old and current-year foliage. Comparisons of single early (during egg hatch), single late (mean instar about 3.8), and combinations of early and late applications of lower concentrations of both chemicals suggested that the late application better reduced webworm populations. All tested application rates of permethrin and carbaryl provided significant foliar protection, particularly to current-year foliage. Dosages as low as 35 g AI per ha of permethrin and 125 g AI per ha of carbaryl in mistblower applications of third- and fourth-instar larvae may provide suitable protection, depending on management objectives. Ground applications using a mistblower resulted in no differences in efficacy on branches from different vertical strata, but reduced efficacy was observed on branches on the sides of the trees opposite where sprays were applied. Spray drift tests with carbaryl at 500 g AI per ha indicated that some population reduction occurred in trees up to two 2.1-m-spaced rows downwind from treated trees. Thus, each row would not need to be sprayed in operational programs.

Résumé

Le pamphile Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.) (Hymenoptera : Pamphiliidae) est une mouche-à-scie allogène en voie de devenir extrêmement nuisible dans les plantations de pins en Ontario. Des tests en laboratoire au moyen de 10 insecticides appliqués à des branches de pins coupées contenant des oeufs sur le point d’éclore ont démontré que le carbaryle et la perméthrine utilisés en faibles doses peuvent contrôler efficacement les larves. Ni l’un ni l’autre de ces produits n’affectent l’éclosion des oeufs et des tests en nature de doses diverses ont indiqué qu’une dose de 500 g AI par ha de carbaryle réduit considérablement le nombre de larves et atténue la défoliation du feuillage de 1 an et du feuillage de l’année. La comparaison entre des applications uniques hâtives (au cours de l’éclosion des oeufs), des applications uniques tardives (stade moyen 3,8) et des applications hâtives et tardives combinées de concentrations plus faibles des deux produits indique qu’une application tardive réduit plus efficacement la population de pamphiles. Tous les régimes d’application de perméthrine et de carbaryle essayés ont fourni une bonne protection au feuillage, particulièrement au feuillage de l’année en cours. Des doses faibles, 35 g AI par ha de perméthrine et 125 g AI par ha de carbaryle, appliquées par vaporisation à des larves de troisième et de quatrième stades peuvent assurer la protection adéquate du feuillage, selon les objectifs poursuivis. Des applications au sol par vaporisation ont la même efficacité sur toutes les branches des différentes strates verticales, mais les branches situées sur l’arbre du côté opposé de la valorisation ne sont pas aussi bien protégées. Des tests sur la portée de la vaporisation au moyen de carbaryle à raison de 500 g AI par ha ont démontré que les traitements sont efficaces même sur les arbres des rangées situées à 2,1 m à vau-vent des arbres traités. Il n’est donc pas nécessaire de vaporiser chaque rangée d’arbres au cours des programmes de contrôle.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 3 , June 1993 , pp. 499 - 511
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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