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Comparison of reproductive capacity among univoltine, semivoltine, and re-emerged parent spruce beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

E. Matthew Hansen  and
Barbara J. Bentz
E. Matthew Hansen*
Affiliation:
USDA–Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 North 1200 East Logan, Utah 84321, United States of America
Barbara J. Bentz
Affiliation:
USDA–Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 North 1200 East Logan, Utah 84321, United States of America
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

New spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), adults of univoltine and semivoltine life cycles, as well as re-emerged parent beetles, were laboratory-tested for differences in reproductive capacity and brood characteristics. Parameters measured from the three groups include dry weight, lipid content, and egg production. Brood characteristics measured include egg length, development rates, and survival densities. Although there were some differences in dry weight and lipid content, females from the univoltine, semivoltine, and re-emerged parent groups did not greatly differ in egg production. Egg length was slightly smaller for eggs from univoltine parents, but other measured brood characteristics did not differ among the three parent groups, including the density of the surviving brood. In a field study, re-emerged parent beetles were determined to be flight capable. These findings imply that populations with univoltine broods will have higher growth rates than semivoltine populations. Consequently, the presence of univoltine broods, which is weather dependent, increases the risk of a beetle outbreak or can accelerate the rate of spruce mortality in an established outbreak. These results also indicate that re-emerged parent beetles can contribute substantially to brood production. Suppression strategies can be more effective if managers consider the ecological consequences of brood production from the three parent groups.

Résumé

Des nouveaux adultes du scolyte de l'épinette, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), à cycles univoltin et semivoltin, de même que des parents qui émergent une seconde fois, ont été testés en laboratoire afin d'y identifier les différences entre leurs potentiels reproductifs et entre les caractéristiques de leurs progénitures. Les variables mesurées chez les trois groupes sont la masse sèche, le contenu en lipides et la production d'oeufs. Nous avons examiné les caractéristiques de la progéniture, soit la longueur des oeufs, le taux de développement et les densités de survie. Il y a des différences de masse sèche et de contenu en lipides entre les femelles univoltines, les femelles semivoltines et les femelles émergées à nouveau, mais la production d'oeufs est semblable chez les trois groupes. Les oeufs issus des parents univoltins sont légèrement plus courts, mais les autres caractéristiques sont comparables chez les trois groupes de parents, y compris la densité des progénitures survivantes. Au cours de tests en nature, les parents émergés pour une seconde fois se sont révélés capables de voler. Ces résultats semblent vouloir dire que les populations aux progénitures univoltines auront des taux de croissance plus rapides que les populations semivoltines. En conséquence, la présence de progénitures univoltines, qui dépend de la température, augmente les risques d'une épidémie de scolytes ou peut accélérer la mortalité des épinettes au cours d'une épidémie établie. Ces résultats laissent croire aussi que les parents émergés pour une seconde fois peuvent contribuer substantiellement à la production de la progéniture. Les stratégies de suppression seront plus efficaces si les gestionnaires tiennent compte des conséquences écologiques de la reproduction des trois groupes de parents.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 135 , Issue 5 , October 2003 , pp. 697 - 712
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2003

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