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Ceratozetes and Ceratozetoides (Acari: Oribatida: Ceratozetidae) of North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier*
Affiliation:
Invertebrate Biodiversity Program, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K.W. Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
Barbara Eamer
Affiliation:
Invertebrate Biodiversity Program, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K.W. Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).

Abstract

The oribatid mite genus Ceratozetes Berlese is represented in America north of Mexico by 21 previously described species known from forest, grassland, subarctic and arctic soils and litter, and canopy habitats. The closely related genus Ceratozetoides Shaldybina is represented in America north of Mexico only by C. cisalpinus (Berlese). Three new species of Ceratozetes from North America are described: C. biporosussp. nov. from forest habitats of southeastern North America, C. cyclopeasp. nov. from montane habitats in western North America, and C. pseudomediocrissp. nov. from forest habitats of western North America. A detailed revised diagnosis is given for Ceratozetes, Ceratozetoides, all previously described species of Ceratozetes (C. angustus (Banks), C. borealis Behan-Pelletier, C. cuspidatus Jacot, C. enodis (Ewing), C. fjellbergi Behan-Pelletier, C. gracilis Michael, C. kutchin Behan-Pelletier, C. longispinus Jacot, C. mediocris (Berlese), C. oresbios Behan-Pelletier, C. pacificus Behan-Pelletier, C. parvulus Sellnick, C. spitsbergensis Thor, C. subaquila (Ewing), C. subinconspicuus (Berlese), C. thienemanni Willmann, C. virginicus (Banks), and C. watertonensis Behan-Pelletier), and Ceratozetoides cisalpinus. Ceratozetes figuratus (Ewing) and C. zeteki (Ewing) are considered junior subjective synonyms of C. enodis (Ewing) syn. nov., and C. inupiaq Behan-Pelletier is transferred to Mycobatidae as Cyrtozetes inupiaq (Behan-Pelletier) comb. nov. New distribution records are given for Ceratozetoides cisalpinus and Ceratozetes angustus, C. borealis, C. cuspidatus, C. gracilis, C. mediocris, C. longispinus, C. oresbios, C. pacificus, C. parvulus, C. thienemanni, C. virginicus, and C. watertonensis. A diagnostic key is provided to adults of the Ceratozetes and Ceratozetoides species now known for America north of Mexico. An analysis of the systematic relationships of 23 of these species based on adult characters indicates that Ceratozetes, excluding Ceratozetoides, is paraphyletic. The clade that includes Ceratozetoides cisalpinus and 15 species of Ceratozetes includes most species for which immatures are known. One sister clade includes Ceratozetes cyclopea, C. enodis, and C. fjellbergi and another includes C. kutchin, C. parvulus, and C. thienemanni. The decision whether or not these 6 species should be retained in Ceratozetessensu stricto awaits discovery of their immatures and molecular analysis.

Résumé

Le genre d’oribates Ceratozetes Berlese est répresenté en Amérique du Nord par 21 espèces qui sont trouvées dans les forêts, les prairies, les sols subarctiques et arctiques, et dans les habitats canopée des forêts. Le genre apparenté Ceratozetoides Shaldybina est répresenté en Amérique du Nord par C. cisalpinus (Berlese). Trois nouvelles espèces de Ceratozetes de l’Amérique du Nord sont proposées et décrites: C. biporosussp. nov. de la litière des forêts du sud-est de l’Amérique du Nord, C. cyclopeasp. nov. des habitats montagneux de l’ouest de l’Amérique du Nord et C. pseudomediocrissp. nov. de la litière des forêts de l’ouest de l’Amérique du Nord. Nous révisons les diagnoses pour Ceratozetes et Ceratozetoides et pour les espèces de Ceratozetes (C. angustus (Banks), C. borealis Behan-Pelletier, C. cuspidatus Jacot, C. enodis (Ewing), C. fjellbergi Behan-Pelletier, C. gracilis Michael, C. kutchin Behan-Pelletier, C. longispinus Jacot, C. mediocris (Berlese), C. oresbios Behan-Pelletier, C. pacificus Behan-Pelletier, C. parvulus Sellnick, C. spitsbergensis Thor, C. subaquila (Ewing), C. subinconspicuus (Berlese), C. thienemanni Willmann, C. virginicus (Banks) et C. watertonensis Behan-Pelletier) et Ceratozetoides cisalpinus. Ceratozetes figuratus (Ewing) et C. zeteki (Ewing) sont considérés comme les synonymes subjectif plus récent du C. enodis (Ewing) syn. nov. et Ceratozetes inupiaq Behan-Pelletier est transféré dans Mycobatidae comme Cyrtozetes inupiaq (Behan-Pelletier) comb. nov. Nous donnons des nouvelles répartitions géographiques pour Ceratozetes angustus, C. borealis, C. cuspidatus, C. gracilis, C. mediocris, C. longispinus, C. oresbios, C. pacificus, C. parvulus, C. thienemanni, C. virginicus et C. watertonensis et pour Ceratozetoides cisalpinus. Nous présentons une clé pour les adults des espèces de Ceratozetes et Ceratozetoides de l’Amérique du Nord. Une analyse des relations systématiques de ces espèces, basée sur les adultes, indique que Ceratozetes, à l’exclusion de Ceratozetoides, est paraphylétique. Le clade qui inclut Ceratozetoides cisalpinus et 15 espèces de Ceratozetes inclut la plupart des espèces pour lesquelles des immatures sont connus. La conservation des deux clades sœurs, Ceratozetes cyclopea, C. enodis, et C. fjellbergi, et C. kutchin, C. parvulus et C. thienemanni dans Ceratozetes sensu stricto attend la découverte de leurs immatures et les analyses moléculaires.

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Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2009

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