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Biology and phenology of Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Acari: Eriophyidae) on Pacific yew (Taxaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Valin G. Marshall  and
Marilyn R. Clayton
Valin G. Marshall*
Affiliation:
Science, Environment and Technology Division, Royal Roads University, 2005 Sooke Road, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V9B 5Y2
Marilyn R. Clayton
Affiliation:
Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8Z 1M5
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

The biology and phenology of the yew big bud mite, Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Nalepa, 1893), were studied on Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia Nutt., in British Columbia, Canada. The mite showed the typical life cycle of eriophyoids on evergreen hosts, with all stases being present throughout the year. The numbers of C. psilaspis, which colonized both vegetative and reproductive buds, peaked in May to August, with the lowest numbers in March and October and the highest numbers in June. Mite numbers differed among bud types, with averages following the sequence terminal buds = lateral buds > male reproductive buds > axillary buds > female reproductive buds > latent buds. Very few mites were found in latent buds except during bud formation, when other vegetative buds were unavailable. Reproductive buds were colonized mostly from May to July. There was no evidence of arrhenotoky in C. psilaspis, as the proportion of mites that were females ranged from 54% to 100%. Temperature and predation were considered the likely factors that determine population fluctuations. It was hypothesized that C. psilaspis abundance increased following favorable spring temperatures and new food resources, whereas predation by other mite species and lower temperatures, which prolonged development, were responsible for the low numbers in March and October.

Résumé

Nous avons étudié la biologie et la phénologie du phytopte de l'if (Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Nalepa, 1893)) sur l'if de l'Ouest (Taxus brevifolia Nutt.) en Colombie-Britannique (Canada). Le cycle biologique de cet acarien est typique des phytoptes ravageurs des conifères, et tous les stades se rencontrent simultanément pendant toute l'année. Le nombre de C. psilaspis qui colonizait les bourgeons végétatifs et reproducteurs atteignait un sommet de mai à août, les populations les plus faibles s'observant en mars et en octobre et celles les plus élevées, en juin. Le nombre de phytoptes variait selon le type de bourgeon, en moyenne de la manière suivante: bourgeons terminaux = bourgeons latéraux > bourgeons reproducteurs mâles > bourgeons axillaires > bourgeons reproducteurs femelles > bourgeons latents. Les phytoptes n'étaient présents qu'en très faible nombre dans les bourgeons latents, sauf lors de la formation des bourgeons, période pendant laquelle il n'y avait pas d'autres types de bourgeon végétatif. Ils colonizaient les bourgeons végétatifs surtout de mai à juillet. Aucune arrhénotoquie n'était manifeste chez le C. psilaspis, puisque les femelles constituaient de 54 % à 100 % de la population. La température et la prédation étaient considérées comme les facteurs influant vraisemblablement le plus sur les fluctuations des populations. Il a été posé comme hypothèse que l'abondance de C. psilaspis augmentait en présence de températures printanières clémentes et de nouvelles ressources alimentaires, alors que la présence d'autres espèces d'acariens prédateurs et de températures plus froides, qui prolongeaient la période de développement, étaient à l'origine des faibles populations observées en mars et en octobre.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 136 , Issue 5 , October 2004 , pp. 695 - 710
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2004

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