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Arthropod fauna of rolled alder leaves in Washington State, United States of America (Insecta, Arachnida)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2014

Eugene R. Miliczky ,
David R. Horton  and
Eric LaGasa
Eugene R. Miliczky*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, Washington 98951, United States of America
David R. Horton
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, Washington 98951, United States of America
Eric LaGasa
Affiliation:
Washington State Department of Agriculture, 1111 Washington Street, 2nd Floor NRB, Olympia, Washington 98504-2560, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

The eastern foothills of the Cascade Range in Washington State, United States of America are west of the State's major fruit-producing region. Alders (Alnus Hill (Betulaceae)), an important floristic component of riparian communities in the Cascade Range foothills, were surveyed for leafrolling caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) that might serve as alternate hosts for parasitoids of orchard pest leafrollers, particularly the nonnative wasp Colpoclypeus florus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Tortricid leafrollers were abundant on alder, but reared parasitoids did not include C. florus. Survey results also revealed that rolled leaves were secondarily colonised by a wide variety of predatory and phytophagous arthropods. Rolled leaves were almost 10-fold more likely to be occupied by predatory arthropods than adjacent, roll-free leaves. Phytophagous thrips and mites showed a similar preference for rolled leaves. The most abundant predaceous arthropods in the leafrolls were Anthocoris antevolens White (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), found in 4.4% of leafrolls, and the spider Clubiona pacifica Banks (Araneae: Clubionidae), found in 8.3% of leafrolls. Both species, and several other predatory insect and spider species found in the rolled leaves, also occur in eastern Washington orchards where they contribute to biological control. Because of its frequent colonisation by beneficial arthropods, alder may prove useful in conservation biological control programs.

Résumé

Les contreforts orientaux de la chaîne des Cascades dans l’état de Washington, États-Unis d'Amérique, se situent à l'ouest de la région principale de production de fruits de l’état. Nous avons inspecté les aulnes (Alnus Hill (Betulaceae)), une composante floristique importante des communautés de rivages dans les contreforts des Cascades, à la recherche de chenilles enrouleuses (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) qui pourraient servir d'hôtes de rechange pour les parasitoïdes des enrouleuses ravageuses des vergers et, en particulier, pour la guêpe non-indigène Colpoclypeus florus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Les tortricidés enrouleurs sont abondants sur les aulnes, mais les parasitoïdes obtenus par élevage n'incluent pas C. florus. Notre inventaire montre aussi que les feuilles enroulées sont colonisées secondairement par une grande variété d'arthropodes prédateurs et phytophages. Les feuilles enroulées sont presque 10 fois plus susceptibles de porter des arthropodes prédateurs que les feuilles adjacentes non-enroulées. Les thrips et les acariens phytophages montrent une préférence semblable pour les feuilles enroulées. Les arthropodes prédateurs les plus fréquents dans les feuilles enroulées sont Anthocoris antevolens White (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) trouvé sur 4,4% des feuilles enroulées et l'araignée Clubiona pacifica Banks (Araneae: Clubionidae) sur 8,3% des feuilles enroulées. Ces deux espèces et plusieurs autres espèces d'insectes et d'araignées prédateurs vivant sur les feuilles enroulées se retrouvent aussi dans les vergers de l'est de l’état de Washington où elles participent à la lutte biologique. Parce que l'aulne est fréquemment colonisé par des arthropodes bénéfiques, il peut s'avérer utile dans les programmes de lutte biologique par conservation.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 146 , Issue 4 , August 2014 , pp. 415 - 428
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada. This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States 2014 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: David McCorquodale

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