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Annual reproductive phenology of the coprophagous beetle Dichotomius satanas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) of the cloud forest in eastern Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2021

Julliana Barretto Open the ORCID record for Julliana Barretto [Opens in a new window] ,
Magdalena Cruz  and
Federico Escobar Open the ORCID record for Federico Escobar [Opens in a new window]
Julliana Barretto
Affiliation:
Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, VeracruzC.P. 91073, México
Magdalena Cruz
Affiliation:
Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, VeracruzC.P. 91073, México
Federico Escobar*
Affiliation:
Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, VeracruzC.P. 91073, México
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Reproductive phenology of organisms is modulated by biotic and abiotic factors, with direct effects on the demography. This study describes the annual reproductive phenology of Dichotomius satanas (Harold, 1867) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) of the cloud forest in eastern Mexico, through the morphological changes in the reproductive systems of individuals and their relationship with climatic conditions. Three stages of sexual maturity were recognised as occurring throughout the year: immature, maturing, and mature – with a higher occurrence of immature individuals. Abundance of immature and maturing females was explained by minimum temperature, but none of the environmental variables considered was related to mature females. Abundance of immature and maturing males was related to precipitation, while abundance of mature males was related to minimum temperature and precipitation. The phenology of D. satanas was markedly seasonal with a single peak of abundance corresponding to the reproductive period during the warm and rainy season, thus indicating a univoltine pattern of reproduction. Immature females were recorded before immature males, and no synchrony was observed between the maturing and mature males and females. We provide information pertaining to the reproductive biology of coprophagous beetles and highlight the importance of reproductive phenology as a tool with which to understand future environmental scenarios.

Type
Research Papers
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 153 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 157 - 171
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© The Author(s), 2021 Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Subject Editor: Katie Marshall

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