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VARIATION IN SPRING EMERGENCE PATTERNS AMONG WESTERN CHORISTONEURA SPP. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) POPULATIONS IN SOUTHERN OREGON

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

W. Jan A. Volney ,
William E. Waters ,
R. Patrick Akers  and
Andrew M. Liebhold
W. Jan A. Volney
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
William E. Waters
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
R. Patrick Akers
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
Andrew M. Liebhold
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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Abstract

An analysis of the times to emergence in three sparse populations of Choristoneura spp. in western North America indicates that there was considerable variation in the calculated threshold of development among populations. Also, the number of heat units required to effect the emergence of any specified proportion of the population varied considerably among populations. The pattern of intra-population variation in times to emergence is such that the within-family variation was much larger than the among-family variation in the two populations from areas in which white fir is the only host. In the other population, from an area with a mixed stand of Douglas-fir and white fir, the pattern is reversed. This pattern remains even after an accounting is made for the parental host and larval color morph. It is hypothesized that the pattern of variation in the times to emergence may be due to the presence, in the latter population, of physiological morphs which cannot be recognized either by their appearance or their host of origin. These results have clear implications for pest management procedures which attempt to schedule activities related to the emergence of these insects in the spring.

Résumé

Une analyse des temps d'émergence chez trois populations dispersées de Choristoneura spp. dans l'ouest de l'Amérique du Nord a indiqué qu'il y a une variation considérable du seuil calculé de développement entre populations. De plus, le nombre d'unités thermiques requises pour l'émergence d'une proportion quelconque de la population a varié considérablement entre populations. La structure de la variation intra-population pour le temps d'émergence était telle que la variation intra-famille était beaucoup plus grande que la variation inter-famille, chez deux populations provenant de sites où le sapin du Colorado était le seul hôte. Chez l'autre population, qui provenait d'un site où le sapin Douglas et le sapin du Colorado étaient mélangés, la structure de la variation est inverse. Cette structure est demeurée même après avoir tenu compte de l'hôte parental et de la couleur de la morphe. Une hypothèse est avancée voulant que la structure de la variation pour le temps requis jusqu'à l'émergence soit causée par la présence, au sein de cette dernière population, de morphes physiologiques non reconnaissables à leur apparence ou à leur hôte d'origine. Ces résultats ont des implications claires pour la surveillance de l'activité d'émergence de ces insectes au printemps, dans le cadre des programmes de lutte.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 115 , Issue 2 , February 1983 , pp. 199 - 209
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1983

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