Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T07:44:48.389Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tactics of Insect Control, Particularly in Medical Entomology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

A. W. A. Brown
A. W. A. Brown
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides and notably DDT have provided means of effectively controlling mosquitoes, blackflies and insects of medical importance not only in Canada but elsewhere, and of eradicating the transmission of malaria by anophelines, the world programme for which is already successfully half completed. However resistance has developed to these insecticides in 80 species of public-health importance, including 3 in Canada. Basic studies on the physiological mechanism and mode of inheritance of resistance in Culicine mosquitoes are being performed in Canada. Among insects and mites of agricultural importance, 14 species have developed resistance in Canada, and a world total of 77. Basic studies on the mode of inheritance of cyclodiene-resistance in root maggots are being undertaken in Canada. Countermeasures against resistance include the use of synergists, non-detoxicatable analogues, and negatively-correlated compounds. Resistance usually dictates a shift from the chlorinated-hydrocarbon to the organophosphorus insectices, thus reducing the residue problem, particularly for wildlife. Alternative methods of control include the sterile-male technique, with 2 successful examples but no success yet with mosquitoes, and the use of chemosterilants, with an example of imminent success against houseflies on islands. Chemosterilants however, like bacterial toxins, are not free from the possible development of resistance by detoxication.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 96 , Issue 1-2 , February 1964 , pp. 172 - 182
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1964

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abedi, Z. H., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1960. Development and reversion of DDT-resistance in Aedes aegypti. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 2: 252–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abedi, Z. H., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1961a. Peritrophic membrane as vehicle for DDT and DDE excretion in Aedes aegypti larvae. Ann. ent. Soc. Amer. 54: 539–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abedi, Z. H., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1961b. DDT-resistance hazard in North American populations of Aedes aegypti. Mosquito News 21: 1–4.Google Scholar
Abedi, Z. H., Duffy, J. R. and Brown, A. W. A.. 1963. Dehydrochlorination and DDT-resistance in Aedes aegypti. J. econ. Ent. 56: 511–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Begg, J. A. 1961. A note on resistant root maggots, Hylemya spp., as pests of flue-cured tobacco in Southwestern Ontario. Canad. Ent. 93: 1022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, A. W. A. 1956. Survey of commercial application of agricultural chemicals in Canada. Science Service Research Notes Series, E-11, 45 pp. (mimeo.).Google Scholar
Brown, A. W. A. 1960. Test methods for detecting resistance in arthropods of agricultural importance. Proc. Reg. Symp. Ins. Res. Insecticides, UNESCO, Cairo: 187–190.Google Scholar
Brown, A. W. A. 1961. The challenge of insecticide resistance. Bull. ent. Soc. Amer. 7: 6–19.Google Scholar
Brown, A. W. A., and Abedi, Z. H.. 1962. Genetics of DDT-resistance in several strains of Aedes aegypti. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 4: 319–332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Downes, J. A. 1959. The gypsy moth and some possibilities of the control of insects by genetical means. Canad. Ent. 91: 661–664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Downing, R. S. 1954. Strains of the European red mite, Metatetranychus ulni (Koch), resistant to parathion and malathion in British Columbia. Proc. ent. Soc. B.C. 51: 10–11.Google Scholar
Fast, P. G., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1962. Lipids of DDT-resistant and susceptible larvae of Aedes aegypti. Ann. ent Soc. Amer. 55: 663–672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, R. W. 1960. Note on resistance to DDT in the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.) in Ontario. Canad. J. Plant Sci. 40: 580–582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlayson, D. G. et al. 1959. Chemical control of the onion maggot in onions grown from seed in various types of soil in northwestern North America in 1955 and 1956. J. econ. Ent. 52: 851–856.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foot, W. H. 1959. Acaricide resistance in European red mite. Insecticide Newsletter, Can. Dep. Agric. 2: 2.Google Scholar
Harcourt, D. G. 1956. Occurrence of a DDT-resistant strain of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni Hbn., in the Ottawa valley. Canad. J. agric. Sci. 36: 430–435.Google Scholar
Harris, C. R., Manson, G. F. and Mazurek, J. H.. 1962. Development of insecticidal resistance by soil insects in Canada. J. econ. Ent. 55: 777–780.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hikichi, A. 1962. Some factors influencing the control of the red-banded leaf roller, Argyrotaenia velutinana (Wlkr.), on apple in Norfolk county, Ontario. Proc. ent. Soc. Ont. 92: 182–188.Google Scholar
Khan, N. H., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1962. Genetic studies on dieldrin resistance in Aedes aegypti and its cross-resistance to DDT. Bull. World Hlth Org. 24: 519–526.Google Scholar
Matsumura, F., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1963. Studies on carboxyesterase in malathion-resistant Culex tarsalis. J. econ. Ent. 56: 381–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClanahan, R. J., Harris, C. R., and Miller, L. A.. 1959. Resistance to aldrin, dieldrin and heptachlor in the onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Meig.) in Ontario. Annu. Rep. ent. Soc. Ont. 89: 55–58.Google Scholar
Miller, L. A. 1957. Changes in insect populations in southwestern Ontario. Annu. Rep. ent. Soc. Ont. 87: 15–19.Google Scholar
Morgan, C. V. G., and Anderson, N. H.. 1958. Notes on parathion-resistant strains of two phytophagous mites and a predacious mite in British Columbia. Canad. Ent. 90: 92–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, R. F. 1963. Note on strains of the cabbage maggot, Hylemya brassicae (Bouche), resistant to the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides in western Newfoundland. Canad. Ent. 95: 81–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, F. O. 1957. The ratio of the width to the length of the second abdominal sternite of the house fly. J. econ. Ent. 50: 554–556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ozburn, G. W., and Morrison, F. O.. 1962. Development of a DDT-tolerant strain of laboratory mice. Nature, Lond. 196: 1009–1010.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pillai, M. K. K., Abedi, Z. H. and Brown, A. W. A.. 1963. WARF Antiresistant compounds as synergists against DDT-resistant Aedes aegypti. Mosquito News 23: 112–117.Google Scholar
Pillai, M. K. K., Hennessy, D. J. and Brown, A. W. A.. 1963. Deuterated analogues as remedial insecticides against DDT-resistant Aedes aegypti. Mosquito News 23: 188–125.Google Scholar
Proverbs, M. D. 1962. Progress on the use of induced sexual sterility for the control of the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.). Proc. ent. Soc. Ont. 92: 5–11.Google Scholar
Proverbs, M. D., and Newton, J. R.. 1961. Some effects of gamma radiation on the reproductive potential of the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.). Canad. Ent. 94: 1162–1170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proverbs, M. D., and Newton, J. R.. 1962a. Suppression of the reproductive potential of the codling moth by gamma irradiated males in caged orchard trees. J. econ. Ent. 55: 934–936.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proverbs, M. D., and Newton, J. R.. 1962b. Influence of gamma radiation on the development and fertility of the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.). Canad. J. Zool. 40: 401–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roadhouse, L. A. O. 1953. Laboratory studies of DDT-resistant house flies in Canada. Canad. Ent. 85: 340–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Towgood, J. G., and Brown, A. W. A.. 1962. Inheritance of dieldrin-resistance in the onion maggot. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 4: 160–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar