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Susceptibilities of seven Brassicaceae species to infestation by the cabbage seedpod weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

A.R. Kalischuk  and
L.M. Dosdall
A.R. Kalischuk*
Affiliation:
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, 100, 5401 – 1 Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4V6
L.M. Dosdall
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4–10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

Various genotypes of seven species of Brassicaceae (Brassica rapa L., B. napus L., B. juncea (L.) Czern., B. nigra (L.) Koch, B. tournefortii Gouan, Sinapis alba L., Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E. Fries, and B. napus × S. alba) were evaluated for susceptibility to infestation by the cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham). In the field, weevils were counted by excising and dissecting pod samples weekly for the presence of eggs, larvae, and larval exit holes. In the laboratory, excised pods from potted plants were exposed to gravid female weevils for 24 or 48 h and then the numbers of eggs and (or) feeding punctures were assessed. Differences in susceptibility of Brassicaceae species to the cabbage seedpod weevil were relatively consistent in both field and laboratory studies. Brassica rapa was the most susceptible. Intermediate susceptibility was observed for B. napus, B. napus × S. alba, B. tournefortii, and B. juncea, although the last species displayed some antixenotic resistance. Sinapis alba, B. nigra, and C. abyssinica were least susceptible. Pods of some species more frequently contained single, rather than multiple, larvae and this may have important implications for total yield loss, particularly in areas where opportunistic pests utilize weevil exit holes to gain access to seeds. New-generation adults fed on all Brassicaceae, and therefore all species may be susceptible to some yield loss. Canola growers in regions infested with C. obstrictus at high population densities can reduce losses by seeding S. alba, B. juncea, or a less susceptible genotype of B. napus.

Résumé

Nous avons évalué la vulnérabilité de divers génotypes de sept espèces de Brassicaceae (Brassica rapa L., B. napus L., B. juncea (L.) Czern., B. nigra (L.) Koch, B. tournefortii Gouan, Sinapis alba L., Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E. Fries, et B. napus × S. alba) à l'infestation de Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Dans les champs, nous avons déterminé la densité des charançons en détachant et disséquant des échantillons hebdomadaires de siliques pour vérifier la présence d'oeufs, de larves et de trous d'émergence des larves. En laboratoire, nous avons exposé des siliques détachées de plants en pots à des charançons femelles gravides pendant 24 ou 48 h et dénombré le nombre d'oeufs et (ou) de ponctions alimentaires. Les différences de vulnérabilité des espèces de Brassiceae au charançon de la silique du chou concordent dans les études en nature et en laboratoire. Brassica rapa est l'espèce la plus vulnérable. Brassica napus, B. napus × S. alba, B. tournefortii et B. juncea affichent des vulnérabilités moyennes, bien que B. juncea possède une certaine résistance antixénique. Sinapis alba, B. nigra et C. abyssinica sont les espèces les moins vulnérables. Les siliques de certaines espèces contiennent plus fréquemment une seule larve que plusieurs; ce phénomène peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur la perte totale de rendement, particulièrement là où les ravageurs opportunistes utilisent les trous d'émergence des larves pour accéder aux graines. Comme les adultes de la nouvelle génération s'alimentent sur tous les espèces de Brassicaceae, ces dernières sont toutes susceptibles de subir des pertes de rendement. Dans les régions de fortes densités de population de C. obstrictus, les producteurs de canola peuvent réduire leurs pertes en semant S. alba, B. juncea ou un génotype moins vulnérable de B. napus.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 136 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 265 - 276
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2004

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