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Stability of natural populations of an aphid, Uroleucon rudbeckiae, at three spatial scales

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Robert J. Lamb  and
Patricia A. MacKay
Robert J. Lamb*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Patricia A. MacKay
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

Stability (temporal variability, persistence, resilience) was assessed over 8–13 years for subpopulations, populations, and regional populations of Uroleucon rudbeckiae (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in southern Manitoba, Canada. Contrary to expectations, natural populations of this native aphid were not more stable than those of aphids inhabiting crops. Among population parameters, prevalence (proportion of plants infested) proved more effective for quantifying temporal variability than intensity (colony size) or abundance (number of aphids per stem). The parameter “population variability” was a more effective index of temporal variability than the standard deviation of the logarithm or the coefficient of variation. Small differences in temporal variability were detected among populations that varied greatly in size. Population variability declined slightly as spatial scale increased and did not increase consistently over time. Population variability can be considered characteristic of this species in southern Manitoba, having a value of 0.648 ± 0.080 (mean ± standard deviation, n = 5, over 8–13 years) on a scale of 0–1, a high degree of temporal variability. Persistence was not related to temporal variability. Subpopulations were less persistent than populations, and one of five populations did not persist. Small populations were more likely to disappear temporarily. No resilience was detected.

Résumé

Nous avons évalué la stabilité (variabilité temporelle, persistance, résilience) sur une période de 8–13 années dans des sous-populations, des populations et des populations régionales d'Uroleucon rudbeckiae (Fitch) (Hemiptera : Aphididae). Contrairement à nos attentes, les populations naturelles de ce puceron indigène ne sont pas plus stables que celles des pucerons qui vivent sur les plantes cultivées. Parmi les variables démographiques, la prévalence (proportion des plantes infestées) s’avère plus efficace comme mesure de la variabilité temporelle que l'intensité (taille de la colonie) ou l'abondance (pucerons par tige). La «variabilité démographique» est un indice plus efficace de la variabilité temporelle que l'écart type du logarithme ou le coefficient de variation. De petites différences de variabilité temporelle peuvent être décelées entre des populations qui diffèrent considérablement en taille. La variabilité démographique diminue légèrement à mesure que l'échelle spatiale augmente, mais elle ne s’accroît pas de façon régulière dans le temps. La variabilité démographique peut être considérée comme une caractéristique de cette espèce dans le sud du Manitoba, Canada, avec une valeur de 0,648 ± 0,080 (± l'écart type, n = 5, sur 8 à 13 ans) sur une échelle de 0 à 1, ce qui représente un haut niveau de variabilité temporelle. Il n’y a pas de relation entre la persistance et la variabilité temporelle. Les sous-populations sont moins persistantes que les populations et une des cinq populations ne s’est pas maintenue. Les petites populations sont plus susceptibles de disparaître avec le temps. Aucune résilience n’a été décelée.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 142 , Issue 1 , February 2010 , pp. 36 - 51
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2010

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