Some Aspects of the Biology and Dispersal of the Pine Tortoise Scale, Toumeyella numismaticum (Pettit and McDaniel) (Homoptera: Coccidae)1

F. B. Rabkin; R. R. Lejeune

doi:10.4039/Ent86570-12

Extract

The senior author conducted this investigation during 1937 and 1938 in the Sandilands Forest Reserve, Manitoba. The results were presented in an unpublished report (Rablrin, 1938). Owing to the current importance of this insect in Manitoba and the Lake States of the United States, it was considered advisable to publish those aspects of the work relating to life history and dispersal. This was undertaken by the junior author.

References

REFERENCES

Howard, L. O. 1907. Report of the entomologist for 1907. U.S.D.A. Ann. Rept.Google Scholar

Orr, D. W. 1931. Studies on the natural vs. artificial control of the pine tortoise scale. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull. 79.Google Scholar

Pettit, R. H. 1931. The lecanium of jack pine and Scotch pine. 70th Ann. Rept. Sec'y. of Mich. Sta. Bd. Agric.Google Scholar

Rabkin, F. B. 1938. Studies on the biology of the Manitoba jack-pine scale Toumeyella sp. (Coccidae Homoptera). In Ann. Rept. For. Ins. Lab. Winnipeg. Unpublished.Google Scholar

Wellington, W. G. 1945. Conditions governing the distribution of insects in the free atmosphere. Can. Ent. 77 (1–4): 7–15, 21–28, 44–49, 69–74.CrossRef Google Scholar

Crossref Citations

This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref.

Jones, P. A. and Shenefelt, R. D. 1957. Control of the Pine Tortoise Scale by Aerial Application of Insecticides. The Canadian Entomologist, Vol. 89, Issue. 8, p. 384.

Brown, C. E. 1958. Dispersal of the Pine Needle Scale, Phenacaspis pinifoliae (Fitch), (Diaspididae: Homoptera). The Canadian Entomologist, Vol. 90, Issue. 11, p. 685.

Greathead, D. J. 1972. Dispersal of the sugar-cane scale Aulacaspis tegalensis (Zhnt.) (Hem., Diaspididae) by air currents. Bulletin of Entomological Research, Vol. 61, Issue. 3, p. 547.

Bradley, G. A. 1973. EFFECT OF FORMICA OBSCURIPES (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) ON THE PREDATOR–PREY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPERASPIS CONGRESSIS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) AND TOUMEYELLA NUMISMATICUM (HOMOPTERA: COCCIDAE). The Canadian Entomologist, Vol. 105, Issue. 8, p. 1113.

MOW, V. C. GUNN, B. H. and WALTER, G. H. 1982. Wind dispersal and settling of first‐instar crawlers of the cochineal insect Dactylopius austrinus (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Dactylopiidae). Ecological Entomology, Vol. 7, Issue. 4, p. 409.

Washburn, Jan O. and Washburn, Libe 1984. Active Aerial Dispersal of Minute Wingless Arthropods: Exploitation of Boundary-Layer Velocity Gradients. Science, Vol. 223, Issue. 4640, p. 1088.

PASEK, JUDITH E. 1988. Windbreak Technology. p. 539.

Pasek, Judith E. 1988. 30. Influence of wind and windbreaks on local dispersal of insects. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Vol. 22-23, Issue. , p. 539.

Greathead, David J. 1997. Soft Scale Insects their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. 7, Issue. , p. 339.

Hanks, Lawrence M. and Denno, Robert F. 1998. Genetic Structure and Local Adaptation in Natural Insect Populations. p. 239.

Bishop, D. B. and Bristow, C. M. 2001. Effect of Allegheny Mound Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Presence on Homopteran and Predator Populations in Michigan Jack Pine Forests. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Vol. 94, Issue. 1, p. 33.

Bishop, D. B. and Bristow, C. M. 2003. Effects of the Presence of the Allegheny Mound Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Providing Enemy-Free Space to Myrmecophilous Aphid and Soft Scale Populations. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Vol. 96, Issue. 3, p. 202.

Malumphy, Chris Hamilton, Martin A. Manco, Bryan N. Green, Paul W. C. Sanchez, Michele D. Corcoran, Marcella and Salamanca, Eric 2012. Toumeyella parvicornis(Hemiptera: Coccidae), Causing Severe Decline ofPinus caribaeavar.Bahamensisin the Turks and Caicos Islands. Florida Entomologist, Vol. 95, Issue. 1, p. 113.

da Silva-Torres, Christian Sherley Araújo de Oliveira, Martin Duarte and Torres, Jorge Braz 2013. Host selection and establishment of striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata, on cotton cultivars. Phytoparasitica, Vol. 41, Issue. 1, p. 31.

Green, Paul W. C. Hamilton, Martin A. Sanchez, Michele D. Corcoran, Marcella R. Manco, Bryan N. and Malumphy, Chris P. 2015. The Scope for Using the Volatile Profiles ofPinus caribaeavar.bahamensisas Indicators of Susceptibility to Pine Tortoise Scale and as Predictors of Environmental Stresses. Chemistry & Biodiversity, Vol. 12, Issue. 4, p. 652.

Camacho, Ernesto Robayo and Chong, Juang-Horng 2015. General Biology and Current Management Approaches of Soft Scale Pests (Hemiptera: Coccidae). Journal of Integrated Pest Management, Vol. 6, Issue. 1, p. 17.

Garonna, AP Foscari, A Russo, E Jesu, G Somma, S Cascone, P and Guerrieri, E 2018. The spread of the non-native pine tortoise scale Toumeyella parvicornis (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Europe: a major threat to Pinus pinea in Southern Italy. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Vol. 11, Issue. 5, p. 628.

Hommay, Gérard Wiss, Louis Chadoeuf, Joël Le Maguet, Jean Beuve, Monique and Herrbach, Etienne 2019. Gone with the wind: Aerial dispersal of Parthenolecanium corni crawlers in a newly planted grapevine plot. Annals of Applied Biology, Vol. 174, Issue. 3, p. 372.

Held, David W. 2020. Urban Landscape Entomology. p. 9.

Bragard, Claude Baptista, Paula Chatzivassiliou, Elisavet Di Serio, Francesco Gonthier, Paolo Jaques Miret, Josep Anton Fejer Justesen, Annemarie Magnusson, Christer Sven Milonas, Panagiotis Navas‐Cortes, Juan A Parnell, Stephen Potting, Roel Reignault, Philippe Lucien Stefani, Emilio Thulke, Hans‐Hermann Van der Werf, Wopke Vicent Civera, Antonio Yuen, Jonathan Zappalà, Lucia Grégoire, Jean‐Claude Malumphy, Chris Kertesz, Virag Maiorano, Andrea and MacLeod, Alan 2022. Pest categorisation of Toumeyella parvicornis. EFSA Journal, Vol. 20, Issue. 3,

Download full list

Article contents

Some Aspects of the Biology and Dispersal of the Pine Tortoise Scale, Toumeyella numismaticum (Pettit and McDaniel) (Homoptera: Coccidae)1

Extract

Access options

References

REFERENCES

This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref.

Article contents

Some Aspects of the Biology and Dispersal of the Pine Tortoise Scale, Toumeyella numismaticum (Pettit and McDaniel) (Homoptera: Coccidae)1

Extract

Access options

References

REFERENCES

Save article to Kindle

Save article to Dropbox

Save article to Google Drive

Reply to: Submit a response

Your details

You have entered the maximum number of contributors

Conflicting interests