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SECONDARY ATTRACTION IN THE WESTERN BALSAM BARK BEETLE, DRYOCOETES CONFUSUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

A. J. Stock  and
J. H. Borden
A. J. Stock
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6
J. H. Borden
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6
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Abstract

Evidence for secondary attraction in the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, was obtained in laboratory bioassays and field experiments. Both sexes showed positive responses to volatiles of the host tree, Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., indicating that primary attraction is probably important in host selection by this species. Male beetles initiated attack and within 6 h produced an aggregation pheromone(s), which was present in frass and in pentane extracts of the abdomens of males excised from logs. Both sexes responded to the pheromone. Abdominal extract of unmated males which had bored into host bark for 14 days was still attractive. Pheromone production was induced by exposing males to host resin volatiles. Mating had no effect on male attractiveness, but induced females to produce an antiaggregation pheromone which, in laboratory bioassays, at least partially inhibited response to male attractant. The attractive volatiles from male-infested logs were successfully captured on Porapak Q®. The development of laboratory bioassay and pheromone extraction techniques indicates that a pheromone isolation program is feasible.

Résumé

Des preuves de l'existence d'attraction secondaire chez le scolyte du sapin de l'ouest, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, ont été obtenues à partir de biotests en laboratoire et d'expériences sur le terrain. Une réaction positive aux composés volatiles émanant de l'arbre hôte, Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., a été observée chez les deux sexes, indiquant que l'attraction primaire joue probablement un rôle important dans la sélection de l'hôte chez cette espèce. Les mâles ont initié l'attaque, et en moins de 6 h, ont produit une(des) phéromones(s) d'aggrégation détectée(s) dans les fèces et dans des extraits au pentane d'abdomens de mâles retirés des bûches. Une réaction à la phéromone a été observée chez les deux sexes. Un extrait d'abdomens de mâles non-accouplés ayant foré dans l'écorce pendant 17 jours, étaint encore attractif. La production de phéromone a pu être provoquée en exposant des mâles aux substances volatiles de la résine de l'hôte. L'accouplement s'est avéré sans effet sur l'attractivité des mâles, mais a induit la production d'une phéromone "anti-aggrégation" chez les femelles, laquelle a inhibé du moins partiellement leur réaction à l'attractant du mâle lors de biotests en laboratoire. Les attractants volatiles provenant de bûches infestées de mâles ont pu être fixés sur du matériel de remplissage pour chromatographie en phase gazeuse (Porapak Q®). Le développement d'un biotest de laboratoire et de techniques d'extraction de la phéromone indiquent qu'un projet d'isolation de la phéromone serait réalisable.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 115 , Issue 5 , May 1983 , pp. 539 - 550
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1983

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