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SEASONAL DIAPAUSE DEVELOPMENT, EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND PHOTOPERIOD ON POSTDIAPAUSE EGG DEVELOPMENT, AND VALIDATION OF A DEGREE-DAY MODEL PREDICTING LARVAL ECLOSION OF BLUEBERRY LEAFTIER, CROESIA CURVALANA (KEARFOTT) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Sridhar Polavarapu  and
William D. Seabrook
Sridhar Polavarapu
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Bag Service 45111, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6E1
William D. Seabrook
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Bag Service 45111, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6E1
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Abstract

Eggs of blueberry leaftier, Croesia curvalana (Kearfott), were transferred from outdoors at 15-day intervals from 15 November to 1 March and held in the laboratory at 20°C, 16L:8D. Mean hatching time continually decreased with each successive transfer date and was significantly shorter for eggs transferred on 1 March compared with any previous transfer date. Transfer date also had a significant effect on percentage hatch, which generally increased with longer exposure of eggs to outdoor conditions. Mean hatching time was longer under 10L:14D photoperiod than at 13L:11D or 16L:8D conditions at all three temperatures studied. Rate of postdiapause development was linearly related to constant temperatures in the range from 6 to 25°C, but appeared to have deviated from linearity at 30°C. The lower threshold temperature for postdiapause development of eggs was estimated to be 3.4°C. Means of 60, 77, and 97 degree-days above a lower threshold of 3.5°C were required for hatching of the 10th, median, and 90th percentile of eggs under laboratory conditions, respectively. In each of 3 years, eclosion of first-instar larvae occurred over a 10- to 17-day period in late April to mid-May. Degree-day accumulations based on litter temperatures in the field predicted the dates of 10th, 50th and 90th percentile eclosion of first-instar larvae within ±2 days of the observed dates.

Résumé

Des oeufs de la Tisseuse de l’airelle, Croesia curvalana (Kearfott) ont été transférés de conditions naturelles au laboratoire à 15 jours d’intervalle entre le 15 novembre et le 1er mars, puis gardés en laboratoire à 20°C, 16L : 8O. L’intervalle moyen avant l’éclosion a diminué progressivement à chaque transfert et a été significativement plus court dans le cas des oeufs transférés le 1er mars que pour tous les oeufs transférés à une date antérieure. La date de transfert a également eu un effet significatif sur le pourcentage d’oeufs éclos, généralement plus élevé dans le cas des oeufs exposés plus longtemps aux conditions extérieures. L’intervalle moyen avant l’éclosion a été plus long à une photo-période de 10L : 14O, qu’aux photopériodes de 13L : 11O ou 16L : 8O aux trois températures expérimentales. La vitesse du développement après la diapause était en relation linéaire avec la température constante entre 5 et 25°C, mais la relation n’était plus linéaire à 30°C. Le seuil inférieur de température pour que les oeufs se développent après la diapause a été évalué à 3,4°C. Il a fallu en moyenne 60 degrés-jours au-dessus d’un seuil inférieur de 3,5°C en laboratoire pour obtenir l’éclosion de 10% des oeufs, 77 pour obtenir l’éclosion de 50% des oeufs, et 97 avant que 90% des oeufs ne soient éclos. Au cours de chacune des 3 années qu’a duré l’étude, l’éclosion des larves de premier stade a requis de 10 à 17 jours, entre la fin d’avril et la mi-mai. La sommation des degrés-jours, mesurée à partir des températures dans la litière en nature, a permis de prédire l’éclosion des larves du 10e, 50e et 90e percentiles avec une précision de ± 2 jours des dates observées.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 128 , Issue 2 , April 1996 , pp. 187 - 198
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1996

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