Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T23:58:54.977Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A SAMPLING DESIGN FOR THE EGG AND FIRST INSTAR LARVAL POPULATIONS OF THE WESTERN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS BREVICOMIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Cornell O. Dudley
Cornell O. Dudley
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The distributions of attack, gallery length, eggs, and first instar larvae of an endemic population of the western pine beetle in ponderosa pine are described.

Mean gallery length (GL) and larval (L) densities of mature populations are significantly correlated with attack (A) density. The associations are adequately described by the simple linear regressions

The ratios E/GL and L/GL are stable over a wide range of gallery length densities and consequently egg-gallery length and larval-gallery length correlations are highly significant. The regression equations are

All four equations predict values within 10% of observed values.An 88 cm2 sampling unit is satisfactory for sampling either egg or first instar larval populations. Taking four paired sampling units, evenly spaced along the infested bole, from each of four trees per generation, provided a sampling precision of 15%. Increasing the number of paired units to 10 and the number of trees sampled per generation to 9 improved the precision to 10%. If the trees are sampled before oviposition is complete, the number of sampled trees per generation should be increased by 1 for each level of precision.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 103 , Issue 9 , September 1971 , pp. 1291 - 1313
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1971

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beall, G. 1942. The transformation of data from entomological field experiments so that the analysis of variance becomes applicable. Biometrika 32: 243–262CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berryman, A. A. 1961. Radiographic techniques for the detection, sampling, and biological studies of forest insects. M.S. Thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley, 40 pp.Google Scholar
Berryman, A. A. 1964. Identification of insect inclusions in x-rays of ponderosa pine bark infested by western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte. Can. Ent. 96: 883–888CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berryman, A. A. 1965. Insect predators of the western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, with particular reference to the clerid, Enoclerus lecontii Wolcott. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley, 222 pp.Google Scholar
Berryman, A. A. 1968 a. Estimation of oviposition by fir engraver, Scolytus ventralis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 61: 227–228CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berryman, A. A. 1968 b. Distributions of Scolytus ventralis attacks, emergence, and parasites in grand fir. Can. Ent. 100: 57–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berryman, A. A. and Stark, R. W.. 1962. Radiography in forest entomology. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 55: 456–466CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cochran, W. G. and Cox, G. M.. 1957. Experimental designs, 2nd ed. Wiley, New York.Google Scholar
DeMars, C. J. Jr., 1963. A comparison of radiograph analysis and bark dissection in estimating numbers of western pine beetle. Can. Ent. 95: 1112–1116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeMars, C. J. Jr., 1965. Correction to “a comparison of radiograph analysis and bark dissection in estimating numbers of western pine beetle.” Can. Ent. 97: 206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeMars, C. J. Jr., 1966. An analysis of within-tree changes in distribution of the western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, during development. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley, 197 pp.Google Scholar
Dixon, W. J. 1968. BMD biomedical computer program. Univ. Calif. Publ. in Automatic Computation, No. 2, 600 pp. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Dudley, C. O. 1969. A sampling design for the egg and first instar larval populations of the western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in ponderosa pine. M.S. thesis, Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, 115 pp.Google Scholar
Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11: 1–42CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, F. C. 1952. The influence of size of quadrat on the distributional patterns of plant populations. Contr. Lab. vertebr. Biol. Univ. Mich., No. 54, pp. 1–15Google Scholar
Fryer, H. C. 1966. Concepts and methods of experimental statistics. Allyn and Bacon, Boston.Google Scholar
Furniss, M. M. 1962. Infestation patterns of Douglas-fir beetle in standing and windthrown trees in southern Idaho. J. econ. Ent. 55: 486–491CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, R. H. 1966. Measurement of non-randomness in spatial distributions. Researches Popul. Ecol. Kyoto Univ. 8: 1–7Google Scholar
Greig-Smith, P. 1964. Quantitative plant ecology, 2nd ed. Butterworth, London.Google Scholar
Johnson, N. E., Wright, K. H., and Orr, P. W.. 1961. Attack and brood survival by the Douglas-fir beetle in four types of windthrown trees in western Washington. Weyerhauser Co. For. Res. Note 40, 15 pp.Google Scholar
Knight, F. B. 1958. The effects of woodpeckers on populations of the Engelmann spruce beetle. J. econ. Ent. 51: 603–607CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knight, F. B. 1959. Partial life tables of the Black Hills beetle. J. econ. Ent. 52: 1199–1202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knight, F. B. 1969. Egg production by the Engelmann spruce beetle, Dendroctonus obesus, in relation to status of infestation. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62: 448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, C. Y. 1956. Extension of multiple range test to group means with unequal numbers of replication. Biometrics 12: 307–310CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lefkovitch, L. P. 1966. An index of spatial distribution. Researches Popul. Ecol. Kyoto Univ. 8: 89–92Google Scholar
LeRoux, E. J. and Reimer, C.. 1959. Variation between samples of immature stages and of mortalities from some factors of the eye-spotted bud moth, Spilonota ocellana (D. & S.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), and the pistol casebearer, Coleophora serratella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), on apple in Quebec. Can. Ent. 91: 680–694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massey, C. L. 1961. Biology of the southwestern pine beetle (Dendroctonus barberi). Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 54: 354–359CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCowan, V. F. and Rudinsky, J. A.. 1958. Biological studies on the Douglas-fir beetle, Millicoma Forest Tree Farm, Coos Bay, Oregon. Weyerhauser Co. For. Res. Note 11, 21 pp.Google Scholar
McMullen, L. H. and Atkins, M. D.. 1961. Intraspecific competition as a factor in the natural control of the Douglas-fir beetle. For. Sci. 7: 197–203Google Scholar
Miller, J. M. and Keen, F. P.. 1960. Biology and control of the western pine beetle. U.S. Dep. Agric. misc. Publ. 800, 381 pp.Google Scholar
Milne, A. 1959. The centric systematic area-sample treated as a random sample. Biometrics 15: 270–297CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morisita, M. 1959. Measuring of the dispersion of individuals and analysis of the distributional patterns. Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyushu Univ., Ser. E (Biol.) 2: 215–235Google Scholar
Morisita, M. 1962. Iδ index, a measure of dispersion of individuals. Researches Popul. Ecol. Kyoto Univ. 4: 1–7Google Scholar
Morris, R. F. 1955. The development of sampling techniques for forest insect defoliators, with particular reference to the spruce budworm. Can. J. Zool. 33: 225–294CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, E. S. 1931. The analysis of variance in cases of non-normal variation. Biometrika 23: 114–133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, R. W. 1963. Biology of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus monticolae Hopkins, in the East Kootenay region of British Columbia. III: Interaction between the beetle and its host, with emphasis on brood mortality and survival. Can. Ent. 95: 225–238CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepherd, R. F. 1965. Distribution of attacks by Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk., on Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm. Can. Ent. 97: 207–215CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, G. G., Roe, A., and Lewontin, R. C.. 1963. Quantitative zoology. Rev. ed. Harcourt, New York.Google Scholar
Snedecor, G. W. 1956. Statistical methods, 5th ed. Iowa State.Google Scholar
Southwood, T. R. E. 1966. Ecological methods. Methuen, London.Google Scholar
Stark, R. W. 1966. The organization and analytical procedures required by a large ecological systems study, pp. 37–68In Watt, K. E. (Ed.), Systems analysis in ecology. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stark, R. W. and Dahlsten, D. L.. 1970. Studies on the population dynamics of the western pine beetle Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Univ. Calif. Publ., Division of Agricultural Sciences, 174 pp.Google Scholar
Wood, S. L. 1963. A revision of the bark beetle genus Dendroctonus Erickson (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Gt Basin Nat. 23: 1–117Google Scholar