Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T04:41:51.677Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

REVISION OF THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF CYZENIS ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

James E. O’Hara  and
Bruce E. Cooper
James E. O’Hara
Affiliation:
Biological Resources Division, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, Central Experimental Fann, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
Bruce E. Cooper
Affiliation:
Biological Resources Division, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, Central Experimental Fann, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cyzenis Robineau-Desvoidy is a member of the Goniini, a tribe characterized by the production of microtype eggs in adult females. A new concept of Cyzenis is proposed based on a synapotypic character state of adults, i.e. the presence of narrowly separated discal scutellar setae. Two monophyletic species groups are recognized, containing a total of five species in the Nearctic Region: the albicans-gcoup with C. albicans (Fallén) (a species introduced to North America from Europe), C. pullula (Townsend), and C. browni (Curran); and the incrassata-graup with C. incrassata (Smith) and C. ustulaia (Reinhard). A Palearctic species, C. jucunda (Meigen), is recognized as a member of the albicans-group. Phorocera anassa Reinhard is newly synonymized with C. incrassata. Phorocera festbums Aldrich and Webber, Phorocera mitis Curran. and Phorocera regilla Reinhard are transferred from Cyzenis to Eufrontina Brooks (new combinations). A lectotype is designated for C. albicans (Fallén). Nearctic species of Cyzenis are keyed and redescribed, their distributions are mapped, and external, terminate, and puparial features are illustrated. Distinction of individuals of C. albicans and C. pullula is discussed in relation to ecological studies on die host–parasite pair of C. albicans and the winter moth, Operophtera brumata (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae).

Résumé

Cyzenis Robineau-Desvoidy appartient à la tribu des Goniini, groupe caractérisé par la production d’oeufs de petite taille (microtype) chez les femelles adultes. Une nouvelle définition de Cyzenis est proposée ici, basée sur un caractère synapotype des adultes, la présence de soies scutellaires discales rapprochées. Deux groupes mono-phylétiques sont reconnus, contenant à eux deux cinq espèces de la région néarctique : le groupe albicans, qui renferme C. albicans (Fallén) (une espèce introduite d’Europe en Amérique du Nord), C. pullula (Townsend) et C. browni (Cunan), et le groupe incrassata, qui renferme C. incrassata (Smith) et C. ustulata (Reinhard). Un espèce paléarctique, C. jucunda (Meigen), appartient aussi au groupe albicans. Phorocera anassa Reinhard est déclaré synonyme de C. incrassata. Phorocera festinans Aldrich et Webber, Phorocera mitis Curran et Phorocera regilla Reinhard sont transférés du genre Cyzenis au genre Eufrontina Brooks (nouvelles combinaisons). Un lectotype a été désigné pour représenter C. albicans (Fallén). On trouvera ici une clé d’identification ainsi que de nouvelles descriptions et des cartes de répartition des espèces de Cyzenis; leurs caractères externes et génitaux ainsi que leur puparium sont illustrés. La distinction entre C. albicans et C. pullula est examinée à la lumière des études écologiques sur la relation hôte–parasite entre C. albicans et l’Arpenteuse tardive, Operophtera brumata (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera : Geometridae).

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 5 , October 1992 , pp. 785 - 813
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anonymous. 1945. Summary of parasite and predator liberations in Canada in 1944. Canadian Insect Pest Review 23: 119–139.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1948. Summary of parasite and predator liberations in Canada in 1947. Canadian Insect Pest Review 25: 348–371.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1950. Summary of parasite and predator liberations in Canada in 1950. Canadian Insect Pest Review 28: 232–251.Google Scholar
Arnaud, P.H. Jr, 1978. A host–parasite catalog of North American Tachinidae (Diptera). United States Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publication 1319: 1–860.Google Scholar
Aldrich, J.M., and Webber, R.T.. 1924. The North American species of parasitic two-winged flies belonging to the genus Phorocera and allied genera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 63(17): 1–90.Google Scholar
Brauer, F., and von Bergenstamm, J.E.. 1889. Die Zweiflügler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. IV. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyidae). Pars I. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Wien 56(1): 69–180, 11 pls. [Also published separately in Wien, 1889, 112 pp.]Google Scholar
Caltagirone, L.E. 1981. Landmark examples in classical biological control. Annual Review of Entomology 26: 213–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrell, B.K. 1988. The comparative morphology of the male and female postabdomen of the Australian Tachinidae (Diptera), with descriptions of some first-instar larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy 2: 81–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carolin, V.M., and Coulter, W.K.. 1959. The occurrence of insect parasites of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), in Oregon. Journal of Economic Entomology 52: 550–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppel, H.C. 1947. The collection of spruce budworm parasites in British Columbia with notes on their overwintering habits. Annual Report of the Entomological Society of Ontario 1946 77: 38–40.Google Scholar
Coppel, H.C. 1958. Studies on dipterous parasites of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). VI. Phorocera incrassata Smith (Diptera: Tachinidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 36: 453–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppel, H.C. 1960. Key to adults of dipterous parasites of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 53: 94–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curran, C.H. 1933. New North American Diptera. American Museum Novitates 673: 11 pp.Google Scholar
Dowden, P.B., Buchanan, W.D., and Carolin, V.M.. 1948. Natural-control factors affecting the spruce budworm. Journal of Economic Entomology 41: 457–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Embree, D.G. 1966. The role of introduced parasites in the control of the winter moth in Nova Scotia. The Canadian Entomologist 98: 1159–1168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Embree, D.G. 1971. Operophtera brumata (L.), winter moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). pp. 167–175 in Simmonds, F.J. (Ed.), Biological Control Programmes against Insects and Weeds in Canada 1959–1968. Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Technical Communication No. 4. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England. 266 pp.Google Scholar
Embree, D.G., and Otvos, I.S.. 1984. Operophtera brumata (L.), winter moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). pp. 353–357 in Kelleher, J.S., and Hulme, M.A. (Eds.), Biological Control Programmes against Insects and Weeds in Canada 1969–1980. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England. 410 pp.Google Scholar
Embree, D.G., and Sisojevic, P.. 1965. The bionomics and population density of Cyzenis albicans (Fall.) (Tachinidae: Diptera) in Nova Scotia. The Canadian Entomologist 97: 631–639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fallén, C.F. 1810. Försök att bestämma de i Sverige funne flugarter, som kunna föras till slägtet Tachina. Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar (Series 2) 31: 253–287.Google Scholar
Gillespie, D.R., and Finlayson, T.. 1981. Final-instar larvae of native hymenopterous and dipterous parasites of Operophtera spp. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in British Columbia. The Canadian Entomologist 113: 45–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hassell, M.P. 1968. The behavioural response of a tachinid fly (Cyzenis albicans (Fall.)) to its host, the winter moth (Operophtera brumata (L.)). Journal of Animal Ecology 37: 627–639.Google Scholar
Herting, B. 1972. Die Typenexemplare der von Meigen (1824–1838) beschriebenen Raupenfliegen (Dipt. Tachinidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 243: 15 pp.Google Scholar
Herting, B. 1974. Revision der von Robineau-Desvoidy beschriebenen europäischen Tachiniden und Rhinophorinen (Diptera). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde (A) 264: 46 pp.Google Scholar
Herting, B. 1984. Catalogue of Palearctic Tachinidae (Diptera). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde (A) 369: 228 pp.Google Scholar
Hodges, R.W., Dominick, T., Davis, D.R., Ferguson, D.C., Franclemont, J.G., Munroe, E.G., and Powell, J.A. (Eds.). 1983. Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico including Greenland. E.W. Classey Ltd. and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, London. 284 pp.Google Scholar
Humble, L.M. 1985. Final-instar larvae of native pupal parasites and hyperparasites of Operophtera spp. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) on southern Vancouver Island. The Canadian Entomologist 117: 525–534.Google Scholar
Kimberling, D.N., Miller, J.C., and Penrose, R.L.. 1986. Distribution and parasitism of the winter moth, Operophtera brumata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Western Oregon. Environmental Entomology 15: 1042–1046.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacPhee, A., Newton, A., and McRae, K.B.. 1988. Population studies on the winter moth Operophtera brumata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in apple orchards in Nova Scotia. The Canadian Entomologist 120: 73–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meigen, J.W. 1824. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten 4: i–xii, 428 pp., pls. 33–41. Hamm.Google Scholar
Meigen, J.W. 1838. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten 7: “oder Supplementband,” i–xii, 434 pp., pls. 64–74. Hamm.Google Scholar
Mesnil, L.P. 1954. 64g. Larvaevorinae (Tachininae). pp. 305–368 in Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region 8. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.Google Scholar
O'Hara, J.E. 1991. Revision of Nearctic species of Actia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 123: 745–776.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pont, A.C. 1984. A revision of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) described by Fallén. Entomologica scan-dinavica 15: 277–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinhard, H.J. 1959. New Nearctic Tachinidae (Diptera). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 35: 157–163.Google Scholar
Ringdahl, O. 1945. Förteckning över de av Zetterstedt i Insecta Lapponica och Diptera Scandinaviae beskrivna tachiniderna med synonymer jämte anteckningar över en del arter. Opuscula Entomologica 1945: 26–35.Google Scholar
Robineau-Desvoidy, J.B. 1863. Histoire naturelle des Diptères des environs de Paris. Volume 1, xvi + 1143 pp. Paris.Google Scholar
Roland, J. 1986. Parasitism of winter moth in British Columbia during build-up of its parasitoid Cyzenis albicans: Attack rate on oak v. apple. Journal of Animal Ecology 55: 215–234.Google Scholar
Roland, J. 1988. Decline in winter moth populations in North America: direct versus indirect effect of introduced parasites. Journal of Animal Ecology 57: 523–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roland, J. 1989. Parasitoid aggregation: Chemical ecology and population dynamics. pp. 185–211 in Mackauer, M., Ehler, L.E., and Roland, J. (Eds.), Critical Issues in Biological Control. Intercept Ltd., Andover, UK. 330 pp.Google Scholar
Roland, J. 1990. Interaction of parasitism and predation in the decline of winter moth in Canada. pp. 289–302 in Watt, A.D., Leather, S.R., Hunter, M.D., and Kidd, N.A.C. (Eds.), Population Dynamics of Forest Insects. Intercept Ltd., Andover, UK. 408 pp.Google Scholar
Ross, D.A. 1952. Key to the puparia of the dipterous parasites of Choristoneura fumiferana Clem. The Canadian Entomologist 84: 108–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sabrosky, C.W., and Arnaud, P.H. Jr, 1965. Family Tachinidae (Larvaevoridae). pp. 961–1108 in Stone, A. et al. , (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook 276: i–iv, 1–1696.Google Scholar
Salkeld, E.H. 1980. Microtype eggs of some Tachinidae (Diptera). The Canadian Entomologist 112: 51–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaupp, W.C. Jr, Volney, W.J.A., and Waters, W.E.. 1991. Parasitoids of endemic and epidemic populations of Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman and Choristoneura retiniana (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in southern Oregon. The Canadian Entomologist 123: 1095–1102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheppard, D.H., Myers, J.H., Fitzpatrick, S., and Gerber, H.. 1990. Efficacy of deltamethrin and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner ssp kurstaki on larvae of winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) attacking blueberry in the lower mainland of British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 87: 25–29.Google Scholar
Smith, H.E. 1912. A contribution to North American Dipterology. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 14: 118–127.Google Scholar
Strobl, G. 1901. Tief's dipterologischer Nachlass aus Kärnten und Oesterr.-Schlesien. Jahrbuch des Naturhistorischen LandesMuseums von Kärnten 26: 171–246.Google Scholar
Thompson, W.R. 1924. Les larves primaires des tachinaires a oeufs microtypes. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 2: 185–201, 279–306 + 4 pls.Google Scholar
Townsend, C.H.T. 1915. New Canadian and Alaskan Muscoidea. The Canadian Entomologist 47: 285–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Townsend, C.H.T. 1940. Manual of myiology in twelve parts. Part X. Oestroid generic diagnoses and data. Anacamptomyiini to Frontinini. São Paulo. 335 pp.Google Scholar
Townsend, C.H.T. 1941 Manual of myiology in twelve parts. Part XI. Oestroid generic diagnoses and data. Goniini to Trypherini. São Paulo. 330 pp.Google Scholar
Tschorsnig, H.P. 1985. Taxonomie forstlich wichtiger Parasiten: Untersuchungen zur Struktur des männlichen Postabdomens der Raupenfliegen (Diptera, Tachinidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde (A) 383: 137 pp.Google Scholar
Wilkes, A. 1946. The introduction of insect parasites of the spruce budworm, Archips fumiferana Clem., into eastern Canada. The Canadian Entomologist 78: 82–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkes, A. 1949. Notes on the transfer of budworm parasites from British Columbia to eastern Canada. Report of the Quebec Society for the Protection of Plants 1945–1947 30: 111–112.Google Scholar
Wilkes, A., Coppel, H.C., and Mathers, W.G.. 1948. Notes on the insect parasites of the spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) in British Columbia. The Canadian Entomologist 80: 138–155.Google Scholar
Wong, H.R., and Melvin, J.C.E.. 1967. The leaf roller Pseudexentera oregonana Wlshm. Bi-monthly Research Notes 23(1): 3–4.Google Scholar
Wood, D.M. 1987. Chapter 110. Tachinidae. pp. 1193–1269 in McAlpine, J.F. et al. , (Eds.), Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Volume 2. Agriculture Canada Monograph 28: i–vi, 675–1332.Google Scholar
Wylie, H.G. 1960. Insect parasites of the winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in western Europe. Entomophaga 5: 111–129.Google Scholar
Zetterstedt, J.W. 1844. Diptera Scandinaviae. Disposita et descripta. Volume 3, pp. 895–1280.Google Scholar
Zetterstedt, J.W. 1859. Diptera Scandinaviae. Disposita et descripta. Volume 13, Supplement 4, pp. v–xvi + 4943–6190.Google Scholar