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QUANTIFICATION OF MANDIBULAR WEAR OF FEMALE ALFALFA LEAFCUTTER BEES, MEGACHILE ROTUNDATA (F.) (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE), BY IMAGE ANALYSIS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

E.G. Kokko*
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, PO Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
B.D. Schaber
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, PO Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
T. Entz
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, PO Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
*
2Author to whom reprint requests and correspondence should be addressed.

Abstract

In southern Alberta, alfalfa seed yields are related to the amount of pollination that occurs before mid-August by the major pollinator, the alfalfa leafcutter bee, Megachile rotundata (F.). Cutting the leaves causes wear to the bee’s mandibular teeth and could reduce the bee’s pollination efficiency and, ultimately, seed production. A method is described for employing digital image analysis to measure mandibular tooth areas for alfalfa leafcutter bees. The method is relatively quick and has high precision and repeatability. This method was used to measure the area of the mandibular teeth for leafcutter bees, before and after foraging in alfalfa seed fields, to evaluate differences in mandibular wear. Analysis of mandibles showed that foraging leafcutter bees collected in late July had significantly smaller tooth areas than pre-foraging bees collected prior to release in June.

Résumé

Dans le sud de l’Alberta, la biomasse des graines de luzerne dépend de l’importance de la pollinisation par le principal pollinisateur, la Découpeuse de la luzerne, Megachile rotundata (F.) avant le milieu du mois d’août. Le découpage des feuilles use les dents mandibulaires des abeilles et il se peut que cette usure entrave l’efficacité de la pollinisation et, en fin de compte, diminue la production de graines. On trouvera ici la description d’une méthode de mesure de la surface mandibulaire des découpeuses par analyse d’images. Cette technique est relativement rapide et donne des résultats d’une grande précision avec possibilité de réplication; elle nous a permis de mesurer la surface des dents mandibulaires de découpeuses avant et après leur passage dans des champs de luzerne et d’évaluer ainsi l’usure des mandibules. L’analyse des résultats a démontré que la surface des mandibules était significativement plus petite chez les découpeuses capturées en juillet que chez les découpeuses capturées avant la période d’alimentation, c’est-à-dire avant leur libération en juin.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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Footnotes

1

Contribution No. 3879242 of the Lethbridge Research Station.

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