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POTENTIAL FOR PHEROMONE-BASED MATING DISRUPTION OF THE MULLEIN BUG, CAMPYLOMMA VERBASCI (MEYER) (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

H.L. McBrien
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
G.J.R. Judd
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada V0H 1Z0
J.H. Borden
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6

Abstract

Atmospheric permeation of apple orchards with 16:1 butyl butyrate (BB): 2(E)-crotyl butyrate (CB), the sex pheromone of the mullein bug, Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) (Heteroptera: Miridae), demonstrated potential for pheromone-based mating disruption; atmospheric permeation with single components did not. In traps baited with 16:1 BB:CB, catches of male C. verbasci were 3, 64, and 105% of catches in nontreated controls for disruption treatments of 16:1 BB:CB, CB alone, and BB alone, respectively. With the two-component pheromone as a disruptant, catches of male C. verbasci were significantly reduced relative to controls at dispenser densities of 250, 500, and 1000 per hectare; catches were lowest at 1000 dispensers per hectare. For monitoring of operational trials, pheromone-baited open wing traps hung 1.5 m above ground were judged to be more practical than open wing traps hung 2.5 m above ground, or closed wing traps or white sticky cards at either height. Atmospheric permeation with pheromone did not affect numbers of males and females captured on nonbaited white sticky cards, and trap height did not affect catches of females. However, in pheromone-treated plots, significantly more males were captured on 2.5-m-high nonbaited cards than on 1.5-m-high cards, probably representing incidental catches of males following false trails to pheromone dispensers hung in the upper canopy. This study is the first reported example of pheromone-based disruption of orientation behavior in the Heteroptera.

Résumé

La saturation de l’atmosphère au moyen d’un mélange 16 : 1 butyrate de butyle (BB) : butyrate de crotyle-2E (CB), la pheromone sexuelle de la Punaise de la molène, Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), a démontré que la phéromone peut perturber les accouplements; la saturation de l’atmosphère au moyen de produits simples n’a pas le même effet. Les pièges garnis de 16 : 1 BB : CB et installés dans des vergers traités au moyen de 16 : 1 BB : CB, de CB seul ou de BB seul ont donné des récoltes de mâles de C. verbasci équivalentes à 3, 64 et 105% respectivement des récoltes faites dans les mêmes pièges installés dans des vergers témoins non traités. Avec la phéromone à deux composantes, les récoltes des mâles de C. verbasci ont diminué significativement par comparaison aux nombres témoins après emploi de 250, 500 et 1000 distributeurs de phéromone par hectare; c’est après utilisation de 1000 distributeurs par hectare que les récoltes se sont avérées le plus réduites. Au cours de tests en nature, des pièges à ailettes ouvertes garnis de phéromones et suspendus à 1,5 m au-dessus du sol se sont révélés plus pratiques que les pièges à ailettes ouvertes suspendus à 2,5 m au-dessus du sol, ou que les pièges à ailettes fermées ou que des cartes collantes blanches suspendues à une hauteur ou l’autre. La saturation de l’atmosphère au moyen de la phéromone n’a pas affecté le nombre de mâles ou de femelles capturés sur des cartes collantes blanches non garnies et la hauteur des pièges n’a pas affecté le nombre de femelles capturées. Cependant, dans les grilles-échantillons traitées à la phéromone, des nombres significativement plus élevés de mâles ont été capturés sur des cartes non garnies suspendues à 2,5 m du sol que sur des cartes suspendues à 1,5 m du sol, représentant probablement des captures accidentelles de mâles suivant de fausses pistes vers des distributeurs de phéromone suspendus dans le haut du feuillage. Il s’agit là du premier cas de perturbation du comportement d’orientation causé par une phéromone jamais rapporté chez un hétéroptère.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1996

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