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LIFE HISTORIES, FLIGHT PATTERNS, AND RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF NINE CUTWORMS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN MANITOBA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G.L. Ayre  and
R.J. Lamb
G.L. Ayre
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
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Abstract

Six of the nine most common indigenous species of noctuid moths caught in a light trap at Glenlea, Man., over an 11-year period were univoltine and three were typically bivoltine but sometimes trivoltine. For the univoltine species, the day of peak catch and the day of 50% catch differed only by 3 days or less during 11 years. The timing of flight periods of Feltia jaculifera (Gn.), F. herilis (Grt.), Agrotis venerabilis Wlk., and Nephelodes minians Gn. were not influenced by the degree-days above 10 °C and the standard deviation of the date of 50% catch for these species was within 5–6 days. The date of 50% catch was more variable for Crymodes devastator (Brace) and Euxoa ochrogaster (Gn.), and the variation for the latter was partly explained by a relationship between flight dates and accumulated degree-days above 10 °C. For the multivoltine species, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haw.), Discestra trifolii (Hufn.), and Xestia adela Franc., the day of peak catch for two generations also varied little from the day of 50% catch for each generation, but the day on which peaks occurred varied from year to year. Only for the first generation of D. trifolii was the day of 50% catch correlated with accumulated degree-days over 10 °C. Moth numbers for each species were not necessarily high when there were reports of crop damage by their respective larvae. There was no correlation between catches of moths in the first and second generation of multivoltine species, and there were no patterns of population trends among any of the economically important species. The life history, feeding habits, and economic importance of each species are discussed.

Résumé

Six espèces indigènes d’adultes de vers-gris des plus communs, prises dans un piège de lumière à Glenlea, Man., pendant une période de 11 ans se sont avérées univoltines et trois espèces, bivoltines et parfois trivoltines. Dans le cas des espèces univoltines, le jour de l’apogée et celui de prise de 50% des adultes ont varié de 3 jours ou moins pendant 11 ans. La synchronisation de périodes de vol de Feltia jaculifera (Gn.), F. herilis (Grt.), Agrotis venerabilis Wlk. et Nephelodes minians Gn. n’a pas été sous l’influence des degrés-jours au-dessus de 10 °C et l’écart type de la date de prise de 50% de chacune de ces espèces a été de 5 ou 6 jours. Les dates de prise de plus de 50% des adultes ont été plus changeantes pour Crymodes devastator (Brace) et pour Euxoa ochrogaster (Gn.), la variabilité dans le cas du dernier étant explicable en partie par un rapport entre les dates de vol et les degrés-jours au-dessus de 10 °C courus. Pour les espèces multivoltines, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haw.), Discestra trifolii (Hufn.) et Xestia adela Franc, le jour d’apogée de la prise pendant deux générations n’a varié que de très peu de celui de la date de prise de 50% des adultes de chaque génération, cependant la date d’apogée a varié d’année en année. Pour D. trifolii le jour de prise de 50% des adultes n’a pas correspondu avec les degrés-jours au-dessus de 10 °C courus que dans le cas de la première génération. Le nombre d’adultes de chaque espèce n’a pas été nécessairement élevé même quand ont été reçus des rapports de dégâts aux récoltes-hôtes par les larves de ces espèces. Aucune corrélation n’a eu lieu entre la prise d’adultes de la première et de la deuxième générations des espèces multivoltines, ni n’a eu aucun patron de cours de population parmi les espèces d’importance économique. Les cycles de transformation, l’alimentation et l’importance économique de chaque espèce ont été discutés.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 122 , Issue 6 , December 1990 , pp. 1059 - 1070
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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Footnotes

1

Contribution No. 1397.

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