Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T17:47:01.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INSECTS ASSOCIATED WITH PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE, LYTHRUM SAUCARIA L., IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Jason K. Diehl ,
N.J. Holliday ,
C.J. Lindgren  and
R.E. Roughley
Jason K. Diehl
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
N.J. Holliday
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
C.J. Lindgren
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
R.E. Roughley
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In 1994 and 1995 insects were collected from several sites in southern Manitoba, where purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L., is dominant. Collection techniques included the use of trap plants, sweep netting, vacuum sampling, and hand collecting. Insects from 38 families were collected and grouped into four general feeding guilds: herbivores, predators, omnivores, and fungivores. Herbivores that directly fed on L. salicaria included Galerucella nymphaeae Linné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Myzus lythri (Schrank) (Homoptera: Aphididae), Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Miridae), Kleidocerys resedae (Panzer) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), Ametastegia glabrata (Fallén) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), Orgyia leucostigma (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), Lophocampa maculata (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), Spilosoma virginica (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), Simyra henrici (Grote) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Dichomeris ligulella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Melanchrapicta (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Hyles galli (Rottenburg) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), and Biston betularia cognataria (Gn) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). These herbivores cannot severely limit the density of purple loosestrife in southern Manitoba and any interactions with the introduced agents should be minimal. The predatory stink bug, Apoecilus bracteatus Fitch (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), was identified as a potentially important predator of the introduced biological control agents, Galerucella pusilla Duftschmidt and Galerucella calmariensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Résumé

Des insectes ont été récoltés en plusieurs localités du sud du Manitoba en 1994 et 1995, là où la salicaire, Lythrum salicaria, est abondante. Parmi les techniques de récolte, il faut mentionner l’utilisation de plantes pièges, le battage de la végétation, l’échantillonnage à la pompe aspirante et les récoltes à la main. Des insectes de 38 familles ont été récoltés et regroupés en quatre guildes alimentaires, les herbivores, les prédateurs, les omnivores et les fongivores. Parmi les herbivores qui se nourrissent directement de la salicaire se trouvent Galerucella nymphaeae Linné (Coleptera : Chrysomelidae), Myzus lythri (Schrank) (Homoptera : Aphididae), Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius) (Hemiptera : Miridae), Kleidocerys resedae (Panzer) (Hemiptera : Lygaeidae), Ametastegia glabrata (Fallén) (Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae), Orgyia leucostigma (Smith) (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Lophocampa maculata (Harris) (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Spilosoma virginica (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera : Arctiidae), Simyra henrici (Grote) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), Dichomeris ligulella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera : Gelechiidae), Melanchra picta (Harris) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), Hyles galli (Rottenburg) (Lepidoptera : Sphingidae) et Biston betularia cognataria (Gn) (Lepidoptera : Geometridae). Ces herbivores ne peuvent assurer un contrôle important des densités de salicaires au sud du Manitoba et leur interaction avec les agents de lutte introduits devrait être minimale. La punaise Apoecilus bracteus Fitch (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae) pourrait s’avérer un prédateur important des agents de lutte biologique Galerucella pusilla Duftschmidt et G. calmariensis (L.) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) déjà utilisés contre la salicaire.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 129 , Issue 5 , October 1997 , pp. 937 - 948
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, M.G. 1995. Interactions between Lythrum salicaria and native organisms: a critical review. Environmental Management 19: 225–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batra, S.W.T., Schroeder, D., Boldt, P.E., and Mendl, W.. 1986. Insects associated with purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) in Europe. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88: 748–759.Google Scholar
Beirne, B.P. 1952. The Nearctic species of Macrosteles (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). The Canadian Entomologist 84: 208–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blossey, B., and Schroeder, D.. 1991. Study and Screening of Potential Biological Control Agents of Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.). International Institute of Biological Control, European Station, Delemont, Switzerland.Google Scholar
Blumenthal, M.E., and Simons, E.E.. 1980. Observations on an outbreak of the palmerworm, Dichomeris ligulella Hübner, in south central Pennsylvania. Environmental Entomology 9: 701–703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Covell, C.V. 1984. A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastern North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.Google Scholar
Decker, G.C., and Maddox, J.V.. 1971. Observations on the bionomics of Simyra henrici. Journal of Economic Entomology 64: 117–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeClerk-Floate, R. 1992. The Desirability of Using Biological Control Against Purple Loosestrife in Canada. Agriculture Canada Research Station. Lethbridge, AB.Google Scholar
Dethier, V.G. 1988. The feeding behaviour of a polyphagous caterpillar (Diacrisia virginica) in its natural habitat. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: 1280–1288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, E.W., and Root, R.B.. 1980. Group molting and other life ways of a solitary hunter, Apateticus bracteatus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 73: 270–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, R.D. 1985. The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 93: 1–912.Google Scholar
Hartley, J.C. 1961. A taxonomic account of the larvae of some British Syrphidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 136: 505–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hight, S.D. 1990. Available feeding niches in populations of Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) in Northeastern United States. pp. 269–278in Delfosse, E.S. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds, Rome, Italy, 6–11 March 1988. Istituto sperimentale per la patologia vegetale, Ministero dell'agricultura e delle foreste, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
Hight, S.D., and Drea, J.J.. 1991. Prospects for a classical biological control project against purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.). Natural Areas Journal 11: 151–157.Google Scholar
Hight, S.D., Blossey, B., Laing, J., and DeClerk-Floate, R.. 1995. Establishment of insect biological control agents from Europe against Lythrum salicaria in North America. Environmental Entomology 24: 967–977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hippa, H., Koponen, S., and Roine, R.. 1982. Feeding preference of Coccinella hieroglyphica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for eggs of three chrysomelid beetles. Reports from the Kevo Subarctic Research Station 18: 1–4.Google Scholar
Hippa, H., Koponen, S., and Roine, R.. 1984. Larval growth of Coccinella hieroglyphica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on aphids and preimaginal stages of Galerucella sagittariae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Reports from the Kevo Subarctic Research Station 19: 67–70.Google Scholar
Hodges, R.W. 1971. The Moths of America North of Mexico Including Greenland. Fasc. 21. Sphingoidea: Hawkmoths. E. W. Classey Limited and R.B.D. Publications Inc., London, England.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. 1975. Cortinicara, a new genus of Corticariinae (Coleoptera: Lathridiidae). Entomologica Scandinavia 6: 283–285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelton, L.A. 1978. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. Part 4. The Anthocoridae of Canada and Alaska (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae). Biosystematics Research Institute, Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, ON.Google Scholar
Kelton, L.A. 1982 a. Description of a new species of Plagiognathus Fieber, and additional records of European Psallus salicellus in the Nearctic region (Heteroptera: Miridae). The Canadian Entomologist 114: 169–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelton, L.A. 1982 b. Plant Bugs on Fruit Crops in Canada. Agriculture Canada Monograph 24.Google Scholar
Knutson, L.V. 1973. Taxonomic revision of the aphid-killing flies of the genus Sphaerophoria in the Western Hemisphere (Syrphidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 9: 1–50.Google Scholar
MacPhee, A.W., and Sanford, K.H.. 1954. The influence of spray programs on the fauna of apple orchards in Nova Scotia. VII. Effects on some beneficial arthropods. The Canadian Entomologist 68: 128–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malecki, R.A., and Rawinski, T.J.. 1979. Purple loosestrife: a need for concern. Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Conservation Circular 17: 1–5.Google Scholar
Manguin, S., White, R., Blossey, B., and Hight, S.D.. 1993. Genetics, taxonomy, and ecology of certain species of Galerucella (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 86: 397–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGuffin, W.C. 1977. Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera). Il. Subfamily Ennominae. 2. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 101.Google Scholar
Pack, T.M., and Tugwell, P.. 1976. Clouded and tarnished plant bugs on cotton: a comparison of injury symptoms and damage on fruit parts. Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station Report Series 226: 1–17.Google Scholar
Peterson, R.K.D., Higley, L.G., Buntin, G.D., and Pedigo, L.P.. 1993. Flight activity and ovarian dynamics of Spilosoma virginica (F.) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) in Iowa. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 66: 97–103.Google Scholar
Rockburne, E.W., and Lafontaine, J.D.. 1976. The Cutworm Moths of Ontario and Quebec. Canada Department of Agriculture Publication 1593.Google Scholar
Sabrosky, C.W. 1948. A synopsis of the Nearctic species of Elachiptera and related genera (Diptera: Chloropidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Science 38: 365–382.Google Scholar
Salas-Aguilar, J., and Ehler, L.E.. 1976. Feeding habits of Orius tristicolor. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 70: 60–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, V.L. 1994. Phenology and trap selection of three species of Hylaeus (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) in upper Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist 27: 39–47.Google Scholar
Smith, D.R., and Barrows, E.M.. 1987. Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) in urban environments in the Washington, D.C., area. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 89: 147–156.Google Scholar
Stribling, J.B., and Young, D.K.. 1990. Descriptions of the larva and pupa of Flavohelodes thoracica (Guerin-Meneville) with notes on the Aphytotelma association (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 92: 765–770.Google Scholar
Stuckey, R.L. 1980. Distributional history of Lythrum salicaria in North America. Bartonia 47: 3–20.Google Scholar
Thompson, D.Q., Stuckey, R.L., and Thompson, E.B.. 1987. Spread, Impact, and Control of Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria) in North American Wetlands. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fish and Wildlife Research 2.Google Scholar
Voegtlin, D.J. 1995. Potential of Myzus lythri (Homoptera: Aphididae) to influence growth and development of Lythrum salicaria (Myrtiflorae: Lythraceae). Environmental Entomology 24: 724–729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, A.G., and Miller, G.L.. 1981. Fourlined plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae), a reappraisal: life history, host plants, and response to feeding. The Great Lakes Entomologist 14: 23–35.Google Scholar
Wilson, L.F. 1991. Location and condition of white marked tussock moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) cocoons in a Michigan black walnut plantation. The Great Lakes Entomologist 24: 153–157.Google Scholar
Woodward, D.L., Colwell, A.E., and Anderson, N.L.. 1988. The aquatic communities of tree holes in northern California oak woodlands. Bulletin of the Society of Vector Ecology 13: 221–234.Google Scholar
Young, O.P. 1986. Host plants of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Heteroptera: Miridae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 79: 747–762.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, D.K., and Stribling, J.B.. 1990. Systematics of the North American Cyphon collaris species complex with the description of a new species (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 92: 194–204.Google Scholar