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GALLERY CONSTRUCTION AND OVIPOSITION BY IPS CALLIGRAPHUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN RELATION TO SLASH PINE PHLOEM THICKNESS AND TEMPERATURE1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Robert A. Haack ,
Robert C. Wilkinson ,
John L. Foltz  and
Jeffrey A. Corneil
Robert A. Haack
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
Robert C. Wilkinson
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
John L. Foltz
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
Jeffrey A. Corneil
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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Abstract

Reproductive performance of Ips calligraphus (Germar) in typical slash pine, Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii, bark slabs with phloem thicknesses ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 mm was studied at 20°, 25°, and 30 °C during the fall (1981) and summer (1982) seasons by means of radiography and slab dissection. Oviposition rate (eggs/day) and egg density (eggs/cm) were positively correlated with both phloem thickness and temperature, being greatest with a combination of thick phloem (3–4 mm) and warm temperature (30 °C). Gallery construction rate (cm/day) was positively correlated, and length of initial egg-free gallery was negatively correlated, with temperature. Depth of xylem-etching was negatively correlated with phloem thickness. Reproductive performance, as measured by oviposition rate and egg density, was greater in the summer study than in the fall study under similar conditions of phloem thickness and temperature. Nutritional, physical, and seasonal characteristics of xylem, phloem, and outer bark are discussed in relation to the above findings.

Résumé

La performance reproductive de l'Ips calligraphus (Germar) dans des pièces d'écorce du pin Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii dont l'épaisseur du phloème variait de 0.5 à 4.0 mm a été étudiée à 20°, 25 °et 30 °C durant l'automne 1981 et à l'été 1982 à l'aide de la radiographie et de la dissection des pièces. La fréquence de ponte (oeufs/jour) et la densité des oeufs (oeufs/cm) étaient positivement corrélées avec l'épaisseur du phloème et la température, les valeurs maximales étant obtenues à 30 °C dans du phloème de bonne épaisseur (3–4 mm). La vitesse de forage des galeries (cm/jour) était corrélée positivement, alors que la longueur de la galerie initiale sans oeufs l'était négativement, à la température. La profondeur des marques gravées dans le xylème était négativement corrélée avec l'épaisseur du phloème. La performance reproductive, mesurée par la fréquence de ponte et la densité d'oeufs, était plus élevée en été qu'en automne à pareille température et dans une même épaisseur de phloème. Les caractéristiques nutritionnelles, physiques et saisonnières du xylème, du phloème et de l'écorce externe sont mises en relation avec ces observations.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 4 , April 1984 , pp. 625 - 632
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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