Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T09:46:15.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

FOOD PREFERENCES, SURVIVAL, AND DEVELOPMENT OF FOUR STORED-PRODUCT PESTS (COLEOPTERA) ON RAPESEED AND CANOLA (BRASSICA SPP.)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

S.R. Loschiavo
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M9

Abstract

To assess whether canola seed is more susceptible to infestation than rapeseed, the food preferences, survival, and development of 4 major insect pests of stored products were tested in the laboratory on seeds of 10 cultivars of rapeseed and canola. Adults of the merchant grain beetle, Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), the sawtoothed grain beetle, O. surinamensis (L.), and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) preferred cereal diets on which they are normally reared to any of the rape or canola cultivars. The rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), preferred wheat kernels of 15% moisture content to these cultivars. Insects did not prefer any one of the rape and canola cultivars, and attempted to avoid them. Survival of the 4 species was higher and developmental time shorter on control diets than on the rape and canola cultivars. Oryzaephilus mercator produced only a few progeny on cv. Zephyr, and T. castaneum on cvs. Midas and Tower. No correlations were found between survival or development time and glucosinolate or erucic-acid content. Much higher survival of O. mercator occurred when tests were started with newly emerged larvae than with eggs. Survival was substantially lower on ground than on whole seeds. No evidence was found to indicate that canola seed is more susceptible to infestation than rapeseed.

Résumé

En vue d'évaluer si le canola risque plus que le colza d'être infesté par des insectes, on a étudié en laboratoire, sur des semences de 10 cultivars de colza et de canola, les préférences alimentaires, la survie et le développement de 4 grands insectes ravageurs des denrées entreposées. Au stade adulte, le cucujide des grains oléagineux, Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), le cucujide dentelé des grains, O. surinamensis (L.), et le tribolium rouge de la farine, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), se nourrissaient des céréales dans lesquelles ils vivaient normalement de préférence aux cultivars de colza ou de canola. Le cucujide roux, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), infestait le grain de blé ayant une teneur en humidité de 15% de préférence à ces cultivars. Les insectes n'ont manifesté aucune préférence pour le colza ou le canola et ont plutôt tenté de les éviter. Les 4 espèces ont survécu en plus grand nombre et leur période de développement a été plus courte dans les plantes témoins que dans les cultivars de colza et de canola. Oryzaephilus mercator ne s'est reproduit que dans une faible proportion dans le cultivar Zephyr, de même que T. castaneum dans les cultivars Midas et Tower. On n'a trouvé aucune corrélation entre la survie ou la période de développement et la teneur en glucosinolate ou en acide érucique. Les O. mercator ont survécu en bien plus grand nombre lorsque les essais étaient effectués avec des larves nouvellement écloses plutôt qu'avec des oeufs. Le nombre d'insectes ayant survécu était nettement inférieur dans les graines moulues à celui observé dans les graines entières. Rien n'indiquait que le canola risque plus d'être infesté que le colza.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blau, P.A., Feeny, P., and Contardo, L.. 1978. Allylglucosinolate and herbivorous caterpillars: A contrast in toxicity and tolerance. Science 200: 12961298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Daun, J.K. 1983. The introduction of low erucic acid rapeseed varieties into Canadian production. In Kramer, J.K.G., and Sauer, F.D (Eds.), High and low erucic acid rapeseed oils. Academic Press, Toronto.Google Scholar
Davis, G.R.F., Campbell, S.J, and McGregor, D.I. 1981. Effect of commercial processing of canola and rapeseed on growth of larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. Arch. Int. Phys. Biochem. 89: 399403.Google ScholarPubMed
Downey, R.K. 1983. The origin and description of the Brassica crops. In Kramer, J.K.G., and Sauer, F.D. (Eds.), High and low erucic acid rapeseed oils. Academic Press, Toronto.Google Scholar
Ediz, S.H., and Davis, G.R.F.. 1980. Repellency of rapeseed extracts to adults of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Can. Ent. 112: 971974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howe, R.W. 1956. The biology of the two common storage species of Oryzaephilus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Ann. appl. Biol. 44: 341355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jermy, T. 1966. Feeding inhibitors and food preference in chewing phytophagous insects. Ent. exp. appl. 9: 112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loschiavo, S.R. 1976. Food selection by Oryzaephilus mercator (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Can. Ent. 108: 827831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loschiavo, S.R., and Smith, L.B. 1970. Distribution of the merchant grain beetle, Oryzaephilus mercator (Silvanidae: Coleoptera) in Canada. Can. Ent. 102: 10411047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinha, R.N. 1972. Infestibility of oilseeds, clover, and millet by stored-product insects. Can. J. Plant Sci. 52: 431440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinha, R.N. 1976. Susceptibility of small bulks of rapeseed and sunflower seed to some stored-product insects. J. econ. Ent. 69: 2124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sokal, R.R., and Rohlf, F.J. 1981. Biometry. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Stefansson, B.R. 1983. The development of improved rapeseed cultivars. In Kramer, J.K.G., and Sauer, F.D. (Eds.), High and low erucic acid rapeseed oils. Academic Press, Toronto.Google Scholar