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ESTABLISHMENT, DISTRIBUTION, AND IMPACT IN SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND OF LATHROLESTES NIGRICOLLIS (THOMPSON) (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE), AN INTRODUCED PARASITOID OF THE BIRCH LEAFMINER, FENUSA PUSILLA (LEPELETIER) (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R.G. Van Driesche ,
R. Childs ,
R.A. Casagrande  and
L. Tewksbury
R.G. Van Driesche*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA 01003
R. Childs
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA 01003
R.A. Casagrande
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Rhode Island, South Kingstown, Rhode Island, USA 02881
L. Tewksbury
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Rhode Island, South Kingstown, Rhode Island, USA 02881
*
1Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

Lathrolestes nigricollis (Thompson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was released in New England against Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) in 1979–1980 and again in 1989–1990. By 1991, the parasitoid was widely established in southern New England. From 1979 to 1990 the commonness of leafminers at the original release site in the first generation declined from 50–54% of leaves mined to under 3%. Over 4 years at five sites, parasitism of larval birch leafminers increased between leafminer generations from 10.3% (G1) to 27.6% (G2) to 39.2% (G3). In Massachusetts, parasitism decreased (from 28 to 14%) with increasing distance from the original release site, while corresponding damage increased (from 6% of leaves mined to 33%). In areas local to the original release site (<4 km) parasitism has reduced damage from birch leafminer to inconsequential levels. Some sites in other parts of southern New England, particularly roadside sites, still have high levels of mined leaves in spite of the parasitoid’s presence in the general area.

Résumé

Lathrolestes nigricollis (Thompson) (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae) a été introduit en Nouvelle-Angleterre en 1979–1980 et de nouveau en 1989–1990, dans le cadre d’un programme de lutte contre Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier). En 1991, le parasitoïde était déjà établi et répandu dans le sud de la Nouvelle-Angleterre. Entre 1979 et 1990, l’abondance des mineuses de première génération au site de libération a diminué de façon telle que le pourcentage de feuilles mangées est passé de 50–54% à moins de 3%. Au cours d’une période de 4 ans à cinq sites, le parasitisme opéré sur les larves de mineuses a augmenté d’une génération à l’autre de 10,3% (G1) à 27,6% (G2), à 39,2% (G3). Au Massachusetts, le parasitisme suivait un gradient descendant à partir du site de libération (de 28 à 14%), et les dommages suivaient un gradient correspondant ascendant (de 6% de feuilles endommagées à 33%). Dans les régions avoisinant le site de libération (<4 km), le parasitisme a réduit les dommages causés par les mineuses jusqu’ à des niveaux négligeables. En revanche, en d’autres régions de la Nouvelle-Angleterre, particulièrement aux abords des routes, les dommages aux feuilles sont restés élevés en dépit de la présence généralisée du parasitoïde dans la région.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 129 , Issue 4 , August 1997 , pp. 601 - 611
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

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