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EFFECT OF POPULATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN RED MITE, PANONYCHUS ULMI, ON THE APPLE VARIETY RED DELICIOUS IN NOVA SCOTIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J.M. Hardman ,
H.J. Herbert ,
K.H. Sanford  and
D. Hamilton
J.M. Hardman
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5
H.J. Herbert
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5
K.H. Sanford
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5
D. Hamilton
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computing Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4H8
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Abstract

The effects of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) density on several yield components of Red Delicious apples in a Nova Scotia orchard were examined from 1967 to 1970. The same 96 trees were sampled in each of the 4 years, and from a peripheral sampling zone within each tree the number of dormant and blossom clusters and the eventual number of apples produced was determined. The other yield components — bloom, set, and crop — were computed from these counts. Applications of ryania, carbaryl, and animert on 6 June 1967 followed by supplementary applications of animert on 7 July (carbaryl plots) and 1 August (ryania plots) were used to induce varying densities of P. ulmi. Mites were sampled twice weekly from June to August and fortnightly in September. Chemical treatments in 1967 had significant effects on mite-days/leaf in each year from 1967 to 1970. Cumulative mite-days/leaf had a significant negative influence on the number of harvested apples/sampling zone in 1967 and 1969, the years of higher apple production and higher mean bloom, but not in 1968 and 1970. Mites in 1969 also had a significant negative effect on return bloom in 1970. These findings agree with other studies that suggest an interaction between fruit load and yield losses induced by mites.

Résumé

On a étudié les effets de la densité de Panonychus ulmi (Koch) sur quelques composantes du rendement de pommiers Red Delicious dans un verger de Nouvelle-Écosse de 1967 à 1970. On a échantillonné les mêmes 96 arbres pendant ces 4 ans et on a déterminé, dans une zone périphérique d'échantillonnage délimitée sur chaque arbre, le nombre de grappes à l'état dormant et en fleurs, ainsi que le nombre éventuel de pommes produites. On a ensuite calculé les autres composantes du rendement : floraison, nouaison et fructification. On a manipulé la densité de P. ulmi par des applications de ryania, de carbaryl et d'animert le 6 juin 1967, et ensuite par des applications d'animert le 7 juillet (parcelles au carbaryl) et le 1 août (parcelles au ryania). On a échantillonné les acariens 2 fois la semaine de juin à août et aux 2 semaines en septembre. Les traitements chimiques de 1967 ont affecté significativement l'indice acariens-jours/feuille à chaque année de 1967 à 1970. On a aussi observé une influence négative des acariens-jours/feuille sur le nombre de pommes récoltées/zone échantillonnée en 1967 et 1969, années ayant montré une productivité et une floraison moyenne supérieures, mais pas en 1968 et 1970. De plus, les acariens présents en 1969 ont affecté négativement la floraison de 1970. Ces observations confirment d'autres études qui indiquent l'existence d'une interaction entre le volume de fruits produits et les pertes induites par les acariens.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 117 , Issue 10 , October 1985 , pp. 1257 - 1265
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

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