Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T15:08:40.451Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION OF THE GREEN PEACH APHID, MYZUS PERSICAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE), ON UPPER AND LOWER LEAVES OF THREE POTATO CULTIVARS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R. K. Jansson  and
Z. Smilowitz
R. K. Jansson
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Z. Smilowitz
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The influence of potato cultivar (Solanum tuberosum tuberosum (L.) cvs. Katahdin (long-season), Norchip (mid-season), and Superior (short-season)) and vertical leaf position on certain life statistics of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), were assessed in a glasshouse environment. Aphids were caged on upper and lower leaves of each cultivar. Developmental time requirements for pre-reproductive life stages were similar among cultivars and between leaf positions. Longevity was similar among cultivars within leaf position. However, aphids survived 62.3, 53.6, and longer on lower leaves than on upper leaves of Superior, Norchip, and Katahdin (p < 0.05 on Superior and Katahdin). Mean generation time (MGT) was similar among cultivars on upper leaves. On lower leaves, MGT was shorter on Superior than on Katahdin. MGT was 15.2, 6.9, and shorter on lower leaves than on upper leaves of Superior, Norchip, and Katahdin, respectively (p < 0.05 on Superior). Total fecundity and intrinsic rate of increase were greater on the lower leaves of each cultivar.

Résumé

On a étudié en serre l'influence du cultivar de la pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum tuberosum (L.) cvs. Katahdin (tardif), Norchip (maturité moyenne) et Superior (précoce)), et celle de la position verticale du feuillage hôte, sur certaines statistiques vitales du puceron vert du pêcher, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Les pucerons ont été encagés sur des feuilles hautes ou basses de chacun des cultivars. Le temps requis pour le développement des stades pré-reproducteurs se sont avérés similaires entre les cultivars et entre les positions des feuilles. La longévité était similaire entre les cultivars pour une même position du feuillage. Cependant les pucerons on survécu 62.3, 53.6 et de plus sur les feuilles basses que sur les feuilles hautes des cvs. Superior, Norchip et Katahdin (p < 0.05 pour Superior et Katahdin). Le temps moyen requis par génération (TMG) était similaire entre cultivars sur les feuilles hautes. Sur les feuilles basses, le TMG était plus court sur Superior que sur Katahdin. Le TMG était de 15.2, 6.9 et plus court sur les feuilles basses que sur celles du haut, chez Superior, Norchip et Katahdin respectivement (p < 0.05 pour Superior). La fécondité totale et le taux intrinsèque d'accroissement naturel étaient plus élevés sur les feuilles du bas que sur celles du haut.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 117 , Issue 2 , February 1985 , pp. 247 - 252
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J. C. 1976. A modified sine wave method for calculating degree-days. Environ. Ent. 5: 388–396.Google Scholar
Birch, L. C. 1948. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. J. Anim. Ecol. 17: 15–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R. H. E. 1952. Methods of recording aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) populations on potatoes and the distribution of species on the plant. Can. Ent. 84: 93–102.Google Scholar
Jansson, R. K. and Smilowitz, Z.. 1985. Influence of potato plant phenology on the population dynamics of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environ. Ent. (in press).Google Scholar
Kennedy, J. S. 1958. Physiological condition of the host-plant and susceptibility to aphid attack. Entomologia exp. appl. 1: 50–65.Google Scholar
Kleinkopf, G. E., Westermann, D. T., and Dwelle, R. B.. 1981. Dry matter production and nitrogen utilization by six potato cultivars. Agron. J. 73: 799–802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mack, T. P. and Smilowitz, Z.. 1981. The vertical distribution of green peach aphids and its effect on a model quantifying the relationship between green peach aphids and a predator. Am. Pot. J. 58: 345–353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neter, J. and Wasserman, W.. 1974. Applied Linear Statistical Models. Richard D. Irwin, Homewood, IL. 842 pp.Google Scholar
Shands, W. A., Simpson, G. W., and Reed, L. B.. 1954. Subunits for sample for estimating aphid abundance on potatoes. J. econ. Ent. 47: 1024–1027.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slansky, F. Jr., 1982. Toward a nutritional ecology of insects. Proc. 5th int. Symp. Insect-Plant Relationships. Pudoc, Wageningen, Netherlands.Google Scholar
Smith, O. 1977. Potatoes: Production, Storing, Processing. Avi Publishing, Westport, CT. 776 pp.Google Scholar
Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie, J. H.. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. McGraw-Hill, NY. 633 pp.Google Scholar
Stimac, J. L. 1982. History and relevance of behavioral ecology in models of insect population dynamics. Fla Ent. 65: 9–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamaki, G., Weiss, M. A., and Long, G. E.. 1982. Effective growth units in population dynamics of the green peach aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environ. Ent. 11: 1134–1136.Google Scholar
Taylor, C. E. 1955. Growth of the potato plant and aphid colonization. Ann. appl. Biol. 43: 151–156.Google Scholar
Taylor, C. E. 1962. The population dynamics of aphids infesting the potato plant with particular reference to the susceptibility of certain varieties to infestation. Eur. Pot. J. 5: 204–219.Google Scholar
Thomas, H. and Stoddart, J. L.. 1980. Leaf senescence. A. Rev. Plant Physiol. 31: 83–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whalon, M. E. and Smilowitz, Z.. 1979. GPA-CAST, a computer forecasting system for predicting populations and implementing control of the green peach aphid on potatoes. Environ. Ent. 8: 908–913.Google Scholar
Wooldridge, A. W. and Harrison, F. P.. 1968. Effects of soil fertility on abundance of green peach aphids on Maryland tobacco. J. econ. Ent. 61: 387–391.Google Scholar