Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:59:24.253Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Description and Habits of the Spruce Seedworm, (Laspeyresia youngana (Kft.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Extract

Cone-infesting insects have been recognized for many years but have not attracted as much attention as some of the defoliating species. The apparent lack , of interest is quite understandable since seed destroying insects are seldom, if ever, a problem in natural reproduction. White spruce successfully reproduces, despite the numerous insects which are known to feed on the seeds. However, the increased interest in reforestation necessitates the collection of cones and extraction of the seed to supply the demands of forest nurseries. During heavy cone-crop years, enough seed must be extracted and stored to provide a supply for the years when cones are scarce. As all conifers generally produce anabundance of cones the same year, the number of bushels which may be processed for any one species is limited. As a consequence, cone-infesting insects have become a factor of considerable importance.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1954

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Barnes, W. and McDunnough, J. H.. Check list of the lepidoptera of boreal america. Decatur, Ill., Herald Press. 1917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Daviault, L.Les ravageurs des cones. Forêt et Conservation. Bureau d'Entomologie, Quebec, Can. 3(2 et 3): 128134. 1951.Google Scholar
3.Forbes, W. T. M.The lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Memoir 68. 1924.Google Scholar
4.Forbes, W. T. M. Ithaca, N.Y. Information on insect classification. (Private communication.) 1952.Google Scholar
5.Fracker, Stanley Black. Classification of lepidopterous larvae. Univ. III. Biol. Monographs. 2nd. ed., revised and reprinted 1929. 2(1). 1915.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Freeman, T. N. Ottawa, Can. Information on insect classification. (Private communication.) 1952.Google Scholar
7.Harding, J. P.The use of probability paper for the graphical analysis of polymodal frequency distributions. Jour. Marine Biol. Assoc. of U.K. 27: 141153. 1949.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Hedlin, A. F. and Hovey, C. Y.. Tree seed insects. Canada Dept. Agr. For. Biol. Div. Bi-Monthly Prog. Rept. 9(3): 3. May-June, 1953.Google Scholar
9.Heinrich, Carl. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamilies Lespeyresiinae and Olethreutinae. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 132. 1926.Google Scholar
10.Johannsen, O. A. and Patch, Edith M.. Me. Agr. Exp. Sta., Orono, Maine. Bull. 195: 233. 1911.Google Scholar
11.Johannsen, O. A. and Patch, Edith M.. Me. Agr. Exp. Sta., Orono, Maine. Bull. 207: 453. 1912.Google Scholar
12.Kearfott, W. D.New micro-lepidoptera. Can. Ent. 39(1): 1. 1907.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Keen, F. P. Insect enemies of western forests. U.S. Dept. of Agr. Misc. Pub. No. 273. 1952.Google Scholar
14.Morley, W. J.Insects inhabiting the cones of white spruce. Can. Dept. of Agr. For. Ins. Invest. Bi-Monthly Prog. Rept. 4(6): 2 Nov.-Dec., 1948.Google Scholar