Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T00:59:46.078Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

BIOLOGY OF PINE FALSE WEBWORM (HYMENOPTERA: PAMPHILIIDAE) DURING AN OUTBREAK

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Christopher Asaro  and
Douglas C. Allen
Christopher Asaro
Affiliation:
State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York, USA 13210
Douglas C. Allen*
Affiliation:
State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York, USA 13210
*
2Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: [email protected]).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The life history of pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.), in three pine (Pinaceae) plantations in northern New York is similar to that reported for this species on red pine, Pinus resinosa Aiton, in Ontario. Adult emergence extended from early May to early June. The sex ratio of emerging adults favored males by as much as 2.7:1. Oviposition occurred from mid-May to early June. Significantly more eggs per fascicle were deposited on the distal third of branches and in the lower third of the crown. Larval feeding took place throughout June. The proportion of prepupae remaining in the soil for more than 1 year varied from 9% to 66% between two sites. There was no evidence of egg parasitism, and egg survival exceeded 95% in each of 2 years. A new species of nematode (Steinernema sp.) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) was recovered from pronymphs. Homaspis interruptus (Provancher) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) parasitized larvae and emerged from 8.5% and 2.8% of the pronymphs in two populations.

Résumé

La démographie du Pamphile introduit du pin, Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.) dans trois plantations de pins (Pinaceae) du nord du New York est semblable à celle décrite pour cette espèce sur le pin rouge, Pinus resinosa Aiton, en Ontario. L’émergence des adultes s’est produite du début de mai au début de juin. Les mâles étaient plus nombreux que les femelles dans un rapport de 2,7 : 1. Les femelles ont pondu entre la mi-mai et le début de juin et elles pondaient significativement plus d’oeufs/fascicule sur le tiers distal des branches et sur le tiers inférieur de la cime. Les larves se sont nourries pendant tout le mois de juin. La proportion des prénymphes qui sont demeurées dans le sol durant plus de 1 an variait de 9 à 66% d’un endroit à l’autre. Il ne semblait pas y avoir d’oeufs parasités et la survie a excédé 95% durant chacune des 2 années. Une nouvelle espèce de nématode (Steinernema sp.) (Nematoda : Steinernematidae) a été trouvée chez des pronymphes. Homaspis interrruptus (Provancher) (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae) parasitait les larves et a atteint le stade d’adulte ailé chez 8,5% des pronymphes d’une population et chez 2,8% des pronymphes d’une autre.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 729 - 742
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barron, J.R. 1990. The nearctic species of Homaspis (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). The Canadian Entomologist 122: 191–216CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Battisti, A. 1993. Bionomics of the spruce web-spinning sawfly Cephalcia arvensis Panzer (Hym., Pamphiliidae) in Northeastern Italy. Journal of Applied Entomology 115: 52–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Battisti, A. 1994. Voltinism and diapause in the spruce web-spinning sawfly Cephalcia arvensis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 70: 105–13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bednarek, A., Mráček, Z. 1986. The incidence of nematodes of the family Steinernematidae in Cephalcia falleni Dalm. (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) habitat after an outbreak of the pest. Journal of Applied Entomology 102: 527–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buckner, C.H., Turnock, W.J. 1965. Avian predation on the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Ecology 46: 223–6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Codella, S.G., Raffa, K.F. 1993. Defense strategies of folivorous sawflies. pp. 261–94 in Wagner, M.R., Raffa, K.F. (Eds.), Sawfly Life History Adaptations to Woody Plants. New York: Academic PressGoogle Scholar
Coppel, H.C., Sloan, N.F. 1970. Avian predation, an important adjunct in the suppression of larch casebearer and introduced pine sawfly populations in Wisconsin forests. pp. 259–72 in Anonymous (Ed.), Proceedings of the Tall Timbers Conference on Ecological Animal Control by Habitat Management, Vol. 2Google Scholar
Craig, T.P., Mopper, S. 1993. Sex ratio variation in sawflies. pp. 61–92in Wagner, M.R., Raffa, K.F. (Eds.), Sawfly Life History Adaptations to Woody Plants. New York: Academic PressGoogle Scholar
Craig, T.P., Price, P.W., and Itami, J.K. 1992. Facultative sex ratio shifts in response to host plant quality in an herbivorous insect. Oecologia 92: 153–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eichorn, V.O. 1988. Studies on the spruce webspinning sawflies of the genus Cephalcia spp. Panz. (Hym., Pamphiliidae) II. Larval and nymph parasites. Journal of Applied Entomology 105: 105–40Google Scholar
Geiger, R. 1965. The Climate Near the Ground. Cambridge: Harvard University PressGoogle Scholar
Georgis, R., Hague, G.M. 1988. Field evaluation of Steinernema feltiae against the web-spinning larch sawfly Cephalcia lariciphila. Journal of Nematology 20: 317–20Google ScholarPubMed
Greenbank, D.O. 1963. Staminate flowers and the spruce budworm. pp. 202–18 in Morris, R.F. (Ed.), The Dynamics of Epidemic Spruce Budworm Populations. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 31Google Scholar
Griswold, C.L. 1939. Introduced pine sawfly. Journal of Economic Entomology 32: 467–8Google Scholar
Holling, C.S. 1959. The components of predation as revealed by a study of small mammal predation of the European pine sawfly. The Canadian Entomologist 91: 293–320CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jahn, E. 1967. On a population outbreak of the pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala Chr. in the Steinfeld, lower Austria in the years 1964–1967. Anzeiger für Schadlingskunde 39: 145–52Google Scholar
Johnson, W.T., Lyon, H.H. 1988. Insects that feed on trees and shrubs. Ithaca: Cornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Knerer, G. 1993. Life history diversity in sawflies. pp. 33–59in Wagner, M.R., Raffa, K.F. (Eds.), Sawfly Life History Adaptations to Woody Plants. New York: Academic PressGoogle Scholar
Lucht, D.D. 1968. Forest insect conditions in the US — 1967. USDA Forest Service Forest Pest Control Status Report Southwest RegionGoogle Scholar
Lyons, D.B. 1994. Development of the arboreal stages of the pine false webworm (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). Environmental Entomology 23: 846–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, D.B. 1995. Pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala. pp. 245–56 in Armstrong, J.A., Ives, W.G.H. (Eds.), Forest Insect Pests in Canada. Ottawa: Natural Resources Canada, Science and Sustainable Development DirectorateGoogle Scholar
Lyons, D.B. 1996. Oviposition and fecundity of pine false webworm (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). The Canadian Entomologist 128: 779–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, D.B., Helson, B.V., Jones, G.C., McFarlane, J.W. 1993. Development of a chemical control strategy for the pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.) (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). The Canadian Entomologist 125: 499–511CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, D.B., Helson, B.V., Jones, G.C., McFarlane, J.W., Scarr, T. 1996. Systemic activity of neem seed extracts containing azadirachtin in pine foliage for control of the pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario 127: 45–55Google Scholar
McCullough, D.C., Wagner, M.R. 1987. Influence of watering and trenching ponderosa pine on a pine sawfly. Oecologia 71: 382–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mopper, S., Whitham, T.G. 1992. The plant stress paradox: effects of pinyon sawfly sex ratios and fecundity. Ecology 73: 515–25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pschorn-Walcher, H. 1965. The ecology of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffr.) (Hym., Diprionidae) and a review of its parasite complex in Europe. European Station Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Delemont, Switzerland 5: 33–97Google Scholar
Pschorn-Walcher, H. 1982. Unterordnung Symphyta, Pflanzenwespen. pp. 4–196in Schwenke, W. (Ed.), Die Forstchädlinge Europas, Vol. 4. Hamburg: Verlag Paul PareyGoogle Scholar
Ross, D.W. 1995. Short-term impacts of thinning ponderosa pine on pandora moth densities, pupal weights, and phenology. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 10: 91–4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rumphorst, H., Goosen, H. 1960. Contribution to the biology and control of the pine false webworm (Acantholyda erythrocephala). Anzeiger für Schadlingskunde 33: 149–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sajo, K. 1898. Zur Lebenweise von Lyda erythrocephala L., and Lyda sellata christ. Forstlich-Naturwissenschaftliche Zeitschrift 7: 237–47Google Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. 1996. SAS User's Guide: Statistics, Version 6. 4th ed. Cary: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Schaffner, J.V. Jr., 1943. Sawflies injurious to conifers in the northeastern states. Journal of Forestry 41: 580–8Google Scholar
Schwerdtfeger, F. 1941. A contribution to the knowledge of the pine-plantation web-spinning sawfly (Acantholyda erythrocephala). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 28: 125–65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwerdtfeger, F. 1944. Further observations on the biology of the pine false webworm, Acantholyda erythrocephala L. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 30: 364–71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, H.R., Lautenschlager, R.A. 1981. Gypsy moth predators. pp. 96–125in Doane, C.C., McManus, M.L. (Eds.), The Gypsy Moth: Research Toward Integrated Pest Management. USDA Forest Service Technical Bulletin 1584Google Scholar
Syme, P.D. 1985. Pine false webworm. Canadian Forestry Service Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Pest LeafletGoogle Scholar
Syme, P.D. 1990. Insect pest problems and monitoring in Ontario conifer plantations. Revue d'entomologie du Québec 35: 25–30Google Scholar
USDA. 1991. Soil interpretation record for St. Lawrence County, Canton, New York. Natural Resources Conservation Service, US Department of AgricultureGoogle Scholar
Wells, A.B. 1926. Notes on tree and shrub insects in southeastern Pennsylvania. Entomological News 37: 254–8Google Scholar
Wilson, L.F. 1977. A guide to insect injury of conifers in the Lake States. US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 501Google Scholar
Wulf, N.W., Cates, R.G. 1987. Site and stand characteristics. pp. 89–115in Brooks, M.H., Campbell, R.W., Colbert, J.J., Mitchell, R.G., Stark, R.W. (Eds.), Western Spruce Budworm. US Forest Service Technical Bulletin 1694Google Scholar