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BIOCONTROL OF THE WEED CANADA THISTLE (CIRSIUM ARVENSE): RELEASES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE GALL FLY UROPHORA CARDUI (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN CANADA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D. P. Peschken ,
D. B. Finnamore  and
A. K. Watson
D. P. Peschken
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Regina, Sask. S4P 3A2.
D. B. Finnamore
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Fredericton, N.B. E3B 5H1.
A. K. Watson
Affiliation:
Department not of Plant Science, Macdonald College, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, P.Q. H9X 1C0.
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Abstract

The gall fly Urophora cardui (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), native to Europe, was released at 24 locations across Canada beginning in 1974. It became established in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick but died out in all but one location in western Canada. Evidence for winter mortality in the west does not explain the failure of these colonies. Although galls, in particular those on the main shoot, reduce the height of Canada thistle, so far the impact on the host weed, Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) (L.) Scop., is slight.

Résumé

La mouche à galles Urophora cardui (L.) (Diptères : Tephritidae), originaire d'Europe, a été lâchée à 24 endroits au Canada à partir de 1974. Elle s'est établie en Ontario, au Québec et au Nouveau-Brunswick, mais n'a survécu qu'en un seul endroit sauf un dans l'ouest du pays. La mortalité hivernale dans l'Ouest ne parvient toutefois pas à expliquer l'échec de ces colonies de mouches. Bien que les galles, en particulier celles situées sur la tige maîtresse, réduisent la hauteur du chardon des champs (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.), leurs effets sur la mauvaise herbe hôte ont été jusqu'à maintenant négligeables.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 114 , Issue 4 , April 1982 , pp. 349 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1982

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