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Actual and potential distribution of Acrolepiopsis assectella (Lepidoptera: Acrolepiidae), an invasive alien pest of Allium spp. in Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2012

P.G. Mason*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
R.M. Weiss
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
O. Olfert
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
M. Appleby
Affiliation:
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, 95 Dundas Street, Brighton, Ontario, Canada K0K 1H0
J.-F. Landry
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).

Abstract

Acrolepiopsis assectella (Zeller), leek moth, is a widespread and common pest of species of Allium L. (Liliaceae) in the western Palaearctic subregion. The establishment of A. assectella in eastern North America has resulted in economic losses to garlic (Allium sativum L.), leek (Allium porrum L.), and onion (Allium cepa L.) growers, especially to organic producers in eastern Ontario and southern Quebec. Acrolepiopsis assectella was first recorded in the Ottawa area in 1993. By 2010, A. assectella had expanded its range into eastern Ontario, southwestern Quebec, Prince Edward Island, and New York. A bioclimate model, using CLIMEX simulation software, was developed to produce mapped results that closely approximated known distributions for A. assectella in central Europe. This model was then validated with recorded distribution records in eastern Europe, Asia, and North America. Model output predicted that A. assectella will readily survive in southeastern Canada and the eastern United States of America. Other areas potentially suitable for A. assectella include coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, the interior of southern British Columbia, and north-central Mexico. The continued range expansion of A. assectella into other Allium-growing areas of eastern North America appears to be inevitable. Establishment in these areas presents the risk of substantial production losses to Allium spp. producers.

Résumé

La teigne du poireau, Acrolepiopsis assectella (Zeller), est un ravageur répandu et commun de nombreuses espèces du genre Allium L. (Liliaceae) dans la portion occidentale de la région paléarctique. Depuis son établissement dans l’est de l’Amérique du Nord, cette espèce a infligé des pertes économiques considérables aux producteurs d’ail (Allium sativum L.), de poireau (Allium porrum L.) et d’oignon (Allium cepa L.) et, en particulier, aux producteurs biologiques de l’est de l’Ontario et du sud du Québec. L’A. assectella a été détecté pour la première fois dans la région d’Ottawa en 1993. En 2009, son aire de répartition couvrait tout l’est de l’Ontario, le sud-ouest du Québec, l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard et l’État de New York. À l’aide d’un modèle bioclimatique produit à l’aide du logiciel de simulation CLIMEX, nous avons établi une carte de répartition qui correspond de près à la situation connue du ravageur en Europe centrale. Ce modèle a ensuite été validé avec des mentions de répartition d’Europe de l’Est, d’Asie et d’Amérique du Nord. D’après les sorties du modèle, l’A. assectella devrait survivre sans difficulté dans le sud-est du Canada et l’est des États-Unis. La côte nord-ouest du Pacifique, l’intérieur de la Colombie-Britannique et le centre-nord du Mexique sont également considérés comme favorables à son établissement. L’expansion de l’A. assectella dans d’autres régions productrices d’Allium spp. de l’est de l’Amérique du Nord semble inévitable et risque d’entraîner des pertes substantielles pour les producteurs d’Allium spp.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2011

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