^{page 1 note 1} A similar figure occurs in John Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘Ordo Clericalis’. ‘Si isti quorum aliqui in montem ascendunt ecclesie casu nominatiuo quia ad hoc magnum scientie magisterii vel alicuius alterius officii habere nituntur et per hoc montem ascendunt ecclesie quod et frequenter faciunt. Alii vero in montem ascendunt datiuo qui muneribus

^{page 2 note 1} Psalms, xlviii. 12.

^{page 2 note 2} The reference is probably an error on the part of the scribe. It should read Proverbiorum 26 instead of Proverbiorum 16.

^{page 2 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio iii, c. xiv.

^{page 2 note 4} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio i, c. lxxii.

^{page 2 note 5} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio lxi, c. v.

^{page 3 note 1} This quotation, slightly varied, occurs in Pseudo-Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Mattheum, Homil. xl, in Joannis Chrysostomi Opera Omnia, ed. D. Bernard de Montfaucon, vi (1855 edn.), 911.

^{page 3 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i, c. xxviii.

^{page 3 note 3} Vita et Passio Sancti Thomae Cantuariensis Archiepiscopi et Martyris Auctore anonymo, c. ii. ‘De Ortu Mirabili Beati Thomae’, in P.L., cxc. 346–9. Also in Early South-English Legendary (ed. Carl Horstmann, EETS, Orig. Series, LXXXVII, p. 110).

^{page 4 note 1} Vita Sancti Thomae, auctore Willelmo Filio Stephani, in Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, ed. J. C. Robertson, Rolls Series, iii. 83.

^{page 4 note 2} Vita Sancti Thomae seu Quadrilogus, in ibid., iv. 411, 412.

^{page 5 note 1} Gloria et honore coronasti eum … Psalms, viii. 6.

^{page 5 note 2} Jerome, Epistola ad Heliodorum in P.L., xxii. 351–2; Homilia ad Monachos, attributed to Jerome in P.L., xxx. 317.

^{page 6 note 1} This quotation may be a paraphrase of a letter of St. Thomas Becket to Pope Alexander part of which reads as follows : ‘Loquimur vobis sicut Patri et domino : et quod dicimus summo silentio petimus occultari. Nihil enim nobis tutum est, cum omnia fere referantur ad regem, quae nobis in conclavi vel in aurem dicuntur. Vae nobis, qui in haec servati sumus tempora, quorum diebus accesserunt haec mala. Qui in priori statu tanta potiti fuimus libertate, quam modo dura et pessima servitute recompensamus? Fugissemus saltem ne in direptionem patrimonium Crucifixi dari videremus; sed quo, nisi ad eum, qui nostrum refugium et virtus est ignoramus.’ Epistola prima ad papam Alexandrum, in P.L., cxc. 436–7.

^{page 6 note 2} This is an inexact quotation from Petrus Blesensis, Sermo lx, in P.L., ccvii. 735–6: ‘Vos’, inquit, estis lux mundi, vos estis sal terrae, vos estis angeli, vos estis dei … Sacerdotes habe[n]'t primatum Abel, patriarchatum Abrahae, gubernaculum Noe, ordinem Melchisedech, dignitatem Aaron, auctoritatem Moysi, virtutem Samuelis, paupertatem Petri, unctionem Christi.’

^{page 6 note 3} ‘Hae sunt illae bonae artes, per virtutem scilicet, non per fallacem ambitionem ad honorem et gloriam et imperium pervenire; quae tamen bonus vera via nititur. Via virtus est, qua nititur tamquam ad possessionis finem, id est ad gloriam, honorem, imperium. Hoc insitum habuisse Romanos etiam deorum apud illos aedes indicant, quas coniunctissimas constituerunt, Virtutis et Honoris, pro dis habentes que dantur a Deo’ De Civitate Dei, v. 12; ed. E. Hoffmann (1899), i. 235–6.

^{page 6 note 4} Petrus Blesensis, Epistola xxiii in P.L., ccvii. 83.

^{page 8 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxiv, Quaestio iii, 6.

^{page 9 note 1} Psalms, cxviii. 120.

^{page 9 note 2} I have not located this reference.

^{page 9 note 3} Matthew, xix. 28.

^{page 9 note 4} Liber Exhortationis, c. lxii, ‘Daemon accusator in iudicio’, in P.L., xl. 1073. The work, which is in an appendix, is perhaps not by Augustine.

^{page 9 note 5} Psalms, lxxxviii. 15.

^{page 9 note 6} Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homilia 31, in P.G., xxx. 792–3.

^{page 9 note 7} Gregory, Moralium liber xiv, c. 29, in P.L., lxxv. 1057.

^{page 10 note 1} A picture of the wheel of fortune is still to be seen in the Rochester Cathedral.

^{page 10 note 2} Ecclesiasticus, xli. 5.

^{page 10 note 3} II Kings, xiv. 14.

^{page 10 note 4} Psalms, cii. 114.

^{page 10 note 5} Neckam, Alexander, De Naturis Rerum, i. 39 (ed. Wright, T., London, 1863, p. 92)Google Scholar; Speculum Laicorum, ed. J. T. Welter (Paris, 1914), c. lii, ‘De Mortis Memoria’, Tale 389, p. 76.

^{page 10 note 6} Gesta Romanorum, ed. Osterley, Hermann (Berlin, 1872), pp. 322–3Google Scholar.

^{page 10 note 7} Psalms, viii. 8.

^{page 10 note 8} Chrysostom, Ad Theodorum Lapsum, I, in P.G., xlvii. 47.

^{page 10 note 9} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iv, tit. xiv.

^{page 11 note 1} Psalms, lxxiv. 7, 8.

^{page 11 note 2} Liber de spiritu et anima, in P.L., xl. 784.

^{page 11 note 3} Psalms, c. 1.

^{page 11 note 4} Sermo cccli, ‘De utilitate agendae poenitentiae’, in P.L., xxxix. 1542.

^{page 11 note 5} Job, xlii. 5–6.

^{page 11 note 6} Sermo iv in P.L., clxxxiii. 427.

^{page 12 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii.

^{page 12 note 2} Alexander Nickam, De Naturis Rerum (ed. T. Wright), p. 310. Gesta Romanorum, pp. 590–1.

^{page 12 note 3} Liber de piritu et nima, i. 24, in P.L., xl. 796. The work is only attributed to St. Augustine.

^{page 12 note 4} Genesis, i. 26.

^{page 12 note 5} I Peter, v. 5.

^{page 12 note 6} Ephesians, v. 5.

^{page 12 note 7} I John, ii. 17.

^{page 12 note 8} I have been unable to locate this passage.

^{page 12 note 9} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 49.

^{page 13 note 1} Daniel, xiii.

^{page 13 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 56.

^{page 13 note 3} Bede, Commentaria in Lucae Evangelium, cap. xlv (Omnia Opera, ed. J. A. Giles, pp. 129–31).

^{page 13 note 4} Luke, xviii.

^{page 13 note 5} I Timothy, i. 15.

^{page 13 note 6} Guigonis Carthusiensis Epistola ad Fratres de Monte Dei, in P.L., clxxxiv. 312. Not by Bernard, but perhaps formerly attributed to him.

^{page 13 note 7} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa iii, Quaestio vii, c. 4.

^{page 13 note 8} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. ii, tit. i, De Iudiciis, c. 13.

^{page 13 note 9} Ibid., lib. i, tit. i, De Summa Trinitate, c. 1.

^{page 13 note 10} Ibid., lib. iv, tit. xvii.

^{page 14 note 1} James of Voragine, Legenda Aurea (ed. T. Graesse, 1890), p. 374.

^{page 14 note 2} Matthew, xvi. 19.

^{page 14 note 3} Sexti Decretal, lib. v, tit. vii.

^{page 14 note 4} Genesis, iii. 23.

^{page 14 note 5} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. v, tit. vii.

^{page 15 note 1} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xvii.

^{page 15 note 2} Isidore, Etymologiae, xii. 2, 5.

^{page 15 note 3} I have been unable to locate this quotation.

^{page 15 note 4} Psalms, cxviii.

^{page 16 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxiii, Quaestio iv.

^{page 16 note 2} Sallust, De Bello Iugurthino, c. 10. Cf. also Seneca, , Epistulae Morales, Ep. xciv (ed. Hense, O., Leipzig, 1914, p. 430Google Scholar).

^{page 16 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i, c. 38.

^{page 16 note 4} Seneca, Naturales Quaestiones, Brinton summarizes lib. i, c. 2 (ed. A Gercke, Leipzig, 1907, pp. 11–13).

^{page 17 note 1} Cf. Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, ‘Filiatio’.

^{page 17 note 2} Psalms, cxxxii. i.

^{page 17 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 83.

^{page 18 note 1} Garnerius of Lincoln, Sermones, xvii: ‘Mardochaeus enim myrrha munda, Edissa misericordia, Assuerus beatitudo interpretatur’ (P.L., ccv. 682).

^{page 18 note 2} Augustine, De Civitate Dei, xxii (P.L., xli. 801).

^{page 18 note 3} Leviticus, xxvi. 12.

^{page 18 note 4} Psalms, viii. 6.

^{page 18 note 5} The definition of victoria is given by Isidore but the reference is not to Isidore, but to the Gesta Romanorum, Tale xxix, ‘De peccato et iudicio’ (Gesta Romanorum, ed. Osterley, pp. 328–9).

^{page 18 note 6} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xl, c. 12.

^{page 19 note 1} Seneca, , Epistulae Morales, Ep. Ixxvi (ed. Hense, O., Leipzig, 1914, p. 283Google Scholar).

^{page 19 note 2} Codex Iustinianus, iii. 24 (ed. P. Krueger, Corpus Iuris Civilis, ii. 130).

^{page 19 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa viii, Quaestio i, c. 20.

^{page 19 note 4} Psalms, xlviii. 13, 21.

^{page 19 note 5} Augustine, Liber de Spiritu et Anima, in P.L., xl. 806.

^{page 19 note 6} Tobias, vi. 17.

^{page 20 note 1} Historia Tripartita, ii. 2, in PL., lxix. 922.

^{page 20 note 2} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xxi, c. 2.

^{page 20 note 3} Augustine, De Civitate Dei, v. 12 (not 13) P.L., vii. 156.

^{page 20 note 4} Ecclesiasticus, iii. 19.

^{page 20 note 5} Hebrews, v. 4.

^{page 20 note 6} Caesarius, Dialogus Miraculorum (ed. J. Strange, i. 99–100. Cf. also Bromyard, Summa Predicontium, ‘Prelatio.’

^{page 20 note 7} Seneca, Epistulae Morales, Ep. lxxxi, p. 317.

^{page 20 note 8} Cf. Sermon 4, (p. 5). n. 2.

^{page 21 note 1} Proverbs, iii. 9.

^{page 21 note 2} Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Mathaeum, Homilia XLV (not XVI), in P.G., xxx. 885.

^{page 21 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa ii, Quaestio v, c. 6.

^{page 21 note 4} Exodus, xx. 12.

^{page 21 note 5} Ambrose, Hexameron, v. 16 (P.L., xiv. 229).

^{page 21 note 6} Valerius Macimus, Factorum Dictorumque Memorabilium Libri Novem, v. 4, ‘De pietate in parentes (ed. C. Halm, Leipzig, 1865, pp. 246–7.) Also in Alphabet of Tales, EETS, i, 116.

^{page 21 note 7} Ambrose, Expositio Evangeli secundum Lucam, lib. viii, in P.L., xv. 1788.

^{page 21 note 8} Psalms, 1. 7.

^{page 22 note 1} Anselm, Opera Spuria, De Conceptione Beatae Mariae, in P.L., clix. 305.

^{page 22 note 2} Psalms, xliv. 10.

^{page 22 note 3} I have been unable to locate this reference in Pliny. Cf. Vincent of Beauvais, Speculum Naturale, xviii. 83, and Ambrose Hexameron, vi. 4 (in P.L., xiv. 251, 252). Speculum Laicorum, No. 90.

^{page 23 note 1} I have not found this reference in Bernard's works.

^{page 23 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xiii, Quaestio ii, c. 22.

^{page 23 note 3} Galatians, vi. 10.

^{page 23 note 4} Ezechiel, xviii. 23.

^{page 23 note 5} II Machabees, xii. 46.

^{page 23 note 6} Psalms, xlviii. 15.

^{page 23 note 7} Ezechiel, xviii. 4.

^{page 23 note 8} Apocalypse, vi.

^{page 24 note 1} Lamentations, iii.

^{page 24 note 2} Cf. above, p. 23, n. 2.

^{page 24 note 3} Gregory, Moralium, iv. 3 (P.L., lxxv. 663).

^{page 24 note 4} Isidore, Sententiarum, ii. 23 (P.L., lxxxiii. 624).

^{page 24 note 5} Psalms, xl. 9.

^{page 24 note 6} Cf. Sermon 7, p. 15, n. 2.

^{page 24 note 7} Isidore, Etymologiae, xii. 7, 26.

^{page 25 note 1} Psalms, ci. 7.

^{page 25 note 2} Isidore, Etymologiae, vii. 8, 6, in P.L., lxxxii. 283.

^{page 25 note 3} This is a paraphrase of I Timothy, i. 15.

^{page 25 note 4} Ecclesiasticus, xxii. 10.

^{page 26 note 1} This may be a paraphrase of a passage in Regulae Pastorales, iii. 29, in P.L., lxxvii. 108: ‘Et quia mens a culpa resipiscit …

^{page 26 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa ii, Quaestio i, c. 7.

^{page 27 note 1} Psalms, cxxxviii. 1.

^{page 27 note 2} Romans, vi. 9.

^{page 27 note 3} Augustine, De Civitate Dei, xxii. 15 (P.L., xli. 777).

^{page 27 note 4} Ephesians, iv. 13.

^{page 27 note 5} Ambrose, Hexameron, v. 23, in P.L., xiv. 238. Also in Pliny, Historia Naturalis, x. 2.

^{page 27 note 6} This reference does not occur in the Hexameron. Cf. Rabanus Maurus, Commentarius in Libros Machabeorum, in P.L., cix, 1227–8. According to Rabanus Maurus, not a bird, but a horse descended.

^{page 28 note 1} Gregory, Epistolae, xi. 44, in P.L., lxxvii. 1154.

^{page 28 note 2} Apocalypse, xiv. 13.

^{page 28 note 3} Augustine, De Genesi ad Litteram, xii. 35, in P.L., xxxiv. 483.

^{page 29 note 1} Ambrose, Expositio Evang. secundum Lucam, ii (P.L., xv. 1558).

^{page 29 note 2} Psalms, cxxx. 1.

^{page 29 note 3} Psalms, xxvi. 6.

^{page 29 note 4} Ernaldus, De laudibus B. Mariae Virginis (P.L., clxxxix. 1731).

^{page 29 note 5} Psalms, xxxvi. 34.

^{page 29 note 6} Eadmer, Liber de Excellentia B. Mariae, cap. v : ‘De Compassione B. Mariae pro Filio Crucifixo’ (P.L., clxix. 507).

^{page 30 note 1} Ecclesiasticus, xxiv. 17.

^{page 30 note 2} This passage is a paraphrase of Alexander Neckam, De Laudibus Divinae Sapientiae, Distinctio Quinta, 11 (ed. T. Wright, Rolls Series, pp. 442–3).

^{page 30 note 3} Bartholomaeus Anglicus, De Proprietatibus Rerum, xvii. 23.

^{page 31 note 1} I have not found this reference.

^{page 31 note 2} Psalms, xxxvi. 20.

^{page 31 note 3} Augustine, De Civitate Dei, xviii. 9 (P.L., xli. 566–7), on the founding of Athens, tells of Minerva's triumph over Neptune, not Mars.

^{page 31 note 4} Ad Beatam Virginem Deiparem, attributed to Bernard, in P.L., clxxiv. 1013.

^{page 31 note 5} Ambrose, De Virginibus, i, in P.L., xvi. 199.

^{page 31 note 6} The De vetula is a spurious poem attribted to Ovid in the Middle Ages ; it was accepted, for example, by Walter Burley, Richard of Bury and Thomas Bradwardine amongst English scholars (cf. Sandys, J. E., History of Classical Scholarship, i. 615Google Scholar).

^{page 32 note 1} Ernaldus, De Verbis Domini in Cruce, Tractatus Tertius in P.L., clxxxix. 1695.

^{page 32 note 2} Ernaldus, Hexameron, in P.L., clxxxix. 1550.

^{page 32 note 3} Bernard, Sermo i ; ‘ De Assumptione ’, in P.L., clxxxiii. 416.

^{page 33 note 1} Psalms, cxviii. 176.

^{page 33 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa vii, Quaestio i, c. 56.

^{page 33 note 3} This passage occurs in Sermo lxxvi (Opera Genuina, iii. 405).

^{page 34 note 1} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iii, tit. xlix, c. 4.

^{page 34 note 2} I have been unable to locate this reference.

^{page 34 note 3} John, x. 16.

^{page 35 note 1} Augustine, Liber de Spiritu et Anima, i. 24, in P.L., xl. 793 (c. 18), 796.

^{page 36 note 1} Augustine, De Genesi ad Litteram, vii. 19 (P.L., xxxiv. 364).

^{page 36 note 2} Meditacio de Humana Conditione, attributed to Bernard, in P.L., clxxxiv. 490.

^{page 37 note 1} A reference to the giving of benefices to people not fit to take care of a basket of pears may be found in Etienne de Bourbon, Anecdote No. 69, in Anecdotes Historiques, ed. de la Marche, A. Lecoy (Paris, 1877), p. 353Google Scholar.

^{page 37 note 2} Isaiah, lxi. 7.

^{page 37 note 3} Augustine, Liber de uatuor Virtutibus Charitatis, in P.L., xlvii. 1153.

^{page 38 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 3.

^{page 38 note 2} Ibid., Causa viii, Quaestio i, c. 10.

^{page 38 note 3} Ibid., Causa xxxiii, Quaestio v, c. 7.

^{page 38 note 4} Ibid., Causa xii, Quaestio ii.

^{page 38 note 5} Rabanus Maurus, Comment, in Libros IV Regum (P.L., cix. 109).

^{page 38 note 6} The ‘ Index Philologicus ’ in Migne, P.L., cexxi. 765, gives the following interpretations of Chusi with references : Aethiops meus, silentium, humilitas.

^{page 39 note 1} Anselm, Cur Deus Homo, ii, in P.L., clviii. 402–3.

^{page 39 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio ii.

^{page 39 note 3} Possibly a paraphase of a passage in Bernard, Tractatus ad Laudem Glorissae V. Matris, in P.L., clxxxii. 1142.

^{page 39 note 4} Psalms, cxviii, 32.

^{page 39 note 5} Julianus Pomerius, De Vita Contemplativa, in P.L., lix. 493.

^{page 39 note 6} I have been unable to locate this reference.

^{page 39 note 7} Bernard, De Moribus et Officio Episcoporum, vii in, P.L., clxxxii. 827.

^{page 40 note 1} Jerome, Commentariorum in Amos, Libri iii, in P.L., xxv. 1061.

^{page 40 note 2} Commentariorum in Ezechielem, in P.L., xxv. 145.

^{page 40 note 3} Jerome, Commentariorum in Ezechielem, in P.L., xxv. 145.

^{page 40 note 4} I can find no canon beginning with these words. Brinton may have had in mind Distinctio xi, c. 5, of Decreti Prima Pars : ‘ Inviolabilis est consuetudo que nee humanis legibus nee sacris canonibus obviare monstratur.’

^{page 41 note 1} Ovid, Metamorphoses, Book x.

^{page 41 note 2} Cf. Sermon 6, p. 10, n. 8.

^{page 41 note 3} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iv, tit. xiv, c. 8.

^{page 42 note 1} I Peter, v. 5.

^{page 42 note 2} This reference is not in De Verbo Domini.

^{page 42 note 3} Romans, xi. 33.

^{page 43 note 1} Remegius, Homilia xii in quaedam verba ex Evangelio Matthei excerpla (P.L., exxxi. 906).

^{page 43 note 2} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xlii, c. ii.

^{page 43 note 3} I have been unable to find the quotation in Cyprian's works. It may be a paraphrase of one of the following passages :

(1) Haymo of Halberstadt, De Varietate Librorum, ii. 62, ‘ De Poenitentia ’. ‘ O poenitentia, salus animae, restauratio virtutum, dissipatio vitiorum, expugnatrix daemoniorum, obstrusio inferorum, porta caelorum, via justorum, refectio beatorum ’ (P.L., cxviii. 926).

(2) Ibid., ii. 64, ‘ De Laude et Utilitate Poenitantiae ’ : ‘ O poenitentia, quae peccata, miserante Deo, remittis, et paradisum reseras, quae contritum sanas, omnem tristem exhilaras, vitam de interitu revocas, statum restauras, honorem renovas, fiduciam reformas, gratiamque abundantiorem refundis ‘ (P.L., cxviii. 928).

(3) Ad Isidori Hispalensis Opera Appendices : Liber de Numeris : ‘ Per te (poenitentiam) enim mors destruitur, et diabolus fugatur ; per te vita invenitur, et Deus reperitur ; per te infernus clauditur et regnum invenitur ’ (P.L., lxxxiii. 1300).

^{page 43 note 4} Psalms, cxl. 2.

^{page 44 note 1} Flores Historiarum (Rolls Series), i. 556–7.

^{page 44 note 2} Cf. Sermon 4, p. 7, n. 2.

^{page 44 note 3} Luke, xvii. 21.

^{page 45 note 1} Gesta Romanorum, c. 26 (ed. Oesterley, p. 322).

^{page 45 note 2} This definition is a condensation of De Quantitate Animae, i, ii and iii, in P.L., xxxii. 1035–7.

^{page 45 note 3} Cf. Sermon 11, p. 36.

^{page 45 note 4} Psalms, xlviii. 13.

^{page 46 note 1} Seneca, Epistulae Morales, Ep. lxxxi (ed. O. Hense, p. 314).

^{page 46 note 2} John of Salisbury, Polycraticus, in P.L., cxcix. 599. Cf. Sermon 38, p. 167, n. 1, and Sermon 78, p. 356, n. 2. The reference is assigned to Polycronicon in Sermon 38, and to Polycraticus in Sermon 78.

^{page 46 note 3} Psalms, xcviii. 4.

^{page 46 note 4} ‘Reges a recte agendo vocati sunt ideoque recte faciendo regis nomen tenetur’ Isidore, Sententiae, iii. 48Google Scholar, ‘ De Prelatis ’ ; in P.L., lxxxiii. 719.

^{page 47 note 1} Psalms, xcvi. 1.

^{page 47 note 2} Psalms, xcviii. 1.

^{page 47 note 3} Matthew, xv. 4; Mark, vii. 10.

^{page 47 note 4} Ven. Bedae Elogium Historicum a Mabillonio Scriptum quoted in P.L., xc. 16–17 ; ‘ Utut res se habeat, fabulosum est id quod legisse me memini turn in quodam monasterii Ursicampi apographo, turn etiam in Glossario Spelmanni voce Venerabilis, Bedam scilicet Roman profectum enodasse inscriptionem quamdam a nullo intellectam, quae Portae ferreae insculpta erat in hunc modum : P.P.P. S.S.S. R.R.R. F.F.F. eamque sic reddidisse : Pater Patriae Perditus est. Salus Secum Sublata est. Ruet Regnum Romae, Ferro Flamma, Fame. Qua ex interpretatione Venerabilis nomen senatus populique Romani decreto meruerit.’

A similar story with no reference to the Venerable Bede occurs in the Gesta Romanorum, cap. 42, ‘ De Defectu Caritatis ’ : ‘ Refert enim Valerius, quod in Roma vidit in una columpna quattuor litteras quarum quelibet ter scribebatur, tres PPP, tres SSS, tres RRR, tres FFF. Visis litteris dixit : “ Heu, Heu ! confusionem video civitati.” Isti satrape hoc audientes dixerunt: “ Magister, die conceptum tuum.” At ille : “ Talis est exposicio litterarum : Pater patriae perditur, sapiencia secum sustollitur, ruunt regna Rome, ferro, flamma, fame.” Et sic factum est’' (Gesta Romanorum, ed. Oesterley, p. 341).

^{page 47 note 5} The reference is an error for Amos, ix. 8.

^{page 47 note 8} Dicta Catonis, quae vulgo inscribuntur Catonis Disticha de Moribus, ed. Némethy, Geyza (Budapest, 1895), p. 16Google Scholar.

^{page 48 note 1} Psalms, xix. 10.

^{page 49 note 1} This quotation does not occur in the Registrum Epistolarum of Gregory I. Bishop Brinton may have had in mind one of the following passages in Gregory's Moralium Libri or Expositio in Librum B. Job., xi. 9 : ‘ Unde plerumque fit ut cum audientis cor exigentibus culpis omnipotentis Dei gratia non repletur, incassum exterius a praedicatore moneatur ‘ (P.L., lxxv. 958–9), xxix. 24 : ‘ Sed quia quilibet praedicator verba dare auribus potest, corda vero aperire non potest; et nisi per internam gratiam solus omnipotens Deus praedicantium verbis ad corda audientium invisibiliter aditum praestet, incassum praedicatio aure audientis percipitur, quae pervenire ad intima corde surdo prohibetur, se Dominus Viam sonanti tonitrui dare asserit, qui cum praedicationis verba tribuit, per terrorem corda compungit ’ (P.L., lxxvi. 503).

^{page 50 note 1} I have not located this reference.

^{page 50 note 2} Walter Map, De Nugis Curialium, iv. 111 ; T. Wright (Camden Society, 1850), p. 147 : ‘Discussio Valerii ad Rufinum philosophum ne uxorem ducit. Valentius imperator, octogenarius et adhuc virgo, cum audisset die fati sui, praeconia triumphorum suorum recoli, quibus ipse fuerat frequentissimus, ait se tantum una victoria gloriari, et requisitus qua, respondit, ‘ Quia inimicorum nequissimum domui carnem meam,” ‘Gower also uses the story in Confessio Amantis v, 6395 ff., Mirour, 17089 ff. and Treatie xvi. For the explanation of the reason for Map's taking the name Valerius cf. De. Nugis Curialium, p. 142.

^{page 50 note 3} Albertus Magnus, De Animalibus, xxiii : ‘ Aves paradisi vocant Egyptii quasdam aves magnitudinis anserum quae paradisi dicuntur ob decorem quia nullus eis decor videtur deesse, et hec aves illaqueatae gemere non cessant donee moriantur vel donatae fuerint libertati.’ Pliny does not mention this bird in Naturalis Historia; cf. Herbert, Catalogue of Romances in the British Museum, iii. 136.

^{page 51 note 1} Cf. Sermon 6, p. 10, n. 8, and Sermon 11, p. 41, n. 2.

^{page 51 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i, c. 84.

^{page 51 note 3} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio lxi, c. v. Cf. Sermon 4, p. 2, n. 6.

^{page 51 note 4} The reference should be I Peter, v.

^{page 51 note 5} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxiv, Quaestio i. Cf. especially c. xviii, ‘ Extra unitatem sancta, ecclesia Spiritus Sanctus non accipitur.’

^{page 52 note 1} Topographica Hibernica, ii, c. 12, in Giraldus Cambrensis, Topographica Hibernica et Expugnatio Hibernica (Rolls Series), v. 94–5.

^{page 52 note 2} Meditacio de humana conditione, attributed to Bernard, in P.L., clxxxiv. 499.

^{page 52 note 3} Proverbiorum 37 is an error for Ecclesiasticus 37.

^{page 52 note 4} Augustine, De Civitate Dei, xix. 11 (P.L., xli. 637).

^{page 53 note 1} Psalms, xxxiii. 15.

^{page 53 note 2} Psalms, xxxvii. 4.

^{page 53 note 3} Tractatus de Interiori Domo, attributed to Bernard, in P.L., clxxxiv. 517.

^{page 54 note 1} I have not located this reference. a Psalms, xxvii. 3. 3 He refers to Gregory XI. 4 Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxiv, Quaestio i. Cf. especially c. 32 : Proprio spolientur honore, qui contra pacem Ecclesie nituntur.

^{page 54 note 5} Probably John Gilbert, Bishop of Bangor, Uhtred Boldon, John Sheppey and Sir William Burton.

^{page 54 note 6} Philippians, iv. 7.

^{page 55 note 1} This reference is not in the works of St. Bernard. It occurs in Ernardus, Libettus de Laudibus B. Marie Virginis (P.L., clxxxix. 1726).

^{page 55 note 2} Psalms, xvii. 45.

^{page 55 note 3} Vitae Patrum, iii. Verba Seniorum (P.L., lxxiii. 756); Bromyard, Sutnma Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Obedientia ’.

^{page 56 note 1} Sermo de Obedientia et Humilitate (a fragment by an unknown author), in P.L., xl. 1223.

^{page 56 note 2} Psalms, xxxiii. 12.

^{page 56 note 3} Ovid tells of the birth of Hercules in Metamorphoses, ix. 285 ff., but does not refer to the episode of the serpents.

^{page 56 note 4} Psalms, iv. 3 : ‘ Filii hominum vsquequo graui corde.’

^{page 57 note 1} Matthew, xvii. 5.

^{page 57 note 2} Odo de Cheriton (Hervieux, L.Les fabulistes latins depuis le siécle d'Auguste jusqu'a la fin du Moyen Age, iv. 185Google Scholar).

^{page 57 note 3} I John, iii. 1.

^{page 57 note 4} I have been unable to locate this reference in the works of St. Bernard.

^{page 58 note 1} Psalms, cii. 13.

^{page 58 note 2} Matthew, xx. 28.

^{page 58 note 3} Psalms, exxxii. 1.

^{page 58 note 4} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiv, Quaestio i, c. 18.

^{page 58 note 5} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i, c. 84. Cf. Sermon 13, p. 51, n. 2.

^{page 59 note 1} Cf. Sermon 13, p. 53, n. 3.

^{page 59 note 2} John, x. 30.

^{page 59 note 3} Ephesians, iv. 5.

^{page 59 note 4} Psalms, xxvi. 4.

^{page 60 note 1} John, xi. 51, 52 : Prophetavit quod Jesus moriturus erat pro gente. Et non tantum pro gente, sed ut filios Dei qui erant dispersi congregaret in unam.

^{page 60 note 2} Augustine, Enarratio in Psalmum ix. Paraphrase of ‘ Locus antem animal … ” in P.L., xxxvi. 124.

^{page 60 note 3} Psalms, xliii. 25.

^{page 61 note 1} I have not found this quotation in St. Augustine's sermons. It may be a paraphrase of the following passage : ‘ (Oratio) paradisum aperuit, caeli cardines reservavit, sterilem fecundavit, publicanum justificavit.… Oratio frequens diaboli acula submovet, tela exsuperat, flammas vitiorum extinguit. Grandis est anime munitio ’ (Haymo, P.L., cxviii. 898.)

^{page 61 note 2} Ecclesiasticus, xxxv. 21.

^{page 61 note 3} This quotation is a paraphrase of Job, xii. 9 : ‘ Quis ignorat quod omnia haec manus Domini fecerit ? ’

^{page 61 note 4} This may be a paraphrase of the account entitled ‘ Qualiter nuncii regis et post nuncii archipraesulis ad regem Francorum venerint, et qualiter excepti,’ Vita S. Thomae, Auctore Herberto de Boseham, iv. 7 (in Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, ed. J. C. Robertson, Rolls Series, iii. 332–4).

^{page 61 note 5} Psalms, cvi. 17.

^{page 62 note 1} Cf. Sermon 12, p. 117: ‘ Tempore regis nostri regnum regnorum ad modum Rome regnum Anglie est vocatum quia tot victorias habuit, tot reges captiuauit, et tot dominia occupauit, dicente scriptura, Ecclesiasticus 9, Beata terra cuius rex est nobilis. Sed timeo propter peccata nostra omne nostrum deficit regnum et ruit, et Deus qui solebat esse Anglicus a nobis recedit.

^{page 62 note 2} I have not located this reference.

^{page 62 note 3} Psalms, xxv. 10.

^{page 62 note 4} This may be a reference to the charge of misgovernment during his chancellorship brought against Bishop Wykeham in October 1376 through the influence of John of Gaunt.

^{page 62 note 5} Cf. also Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Timor ’ : ‘ Secundo periculum illorum tactum est in historia ecclesiastica lib. VI, c. IX ed tribus perhibentibus falsum testimonium contra Narciscum, episcopum ’, etc.

^{page 64 note 1} Psalms, cxliv. 15.

^{page 64 note 2} Psalms, xxxvi. 24.

^{page 65 note 1} Bernard, De Gradibus Humilitatis et Superbiae, (Opera Genuina 1854 edn., i. 472).

^{page 65 note 2} Psalms, xxxiii. 19.

^{page 65 note 3} Rabanus Maurus : De Universo, iii. 1 : ‘ Amalech, qui interpretatur populus lambens, sive lingens cum exercitu suo,’ (P.L., cxi. 53).

^{page 65 note 4} Psalms, lxxxvi. 1.

^{page 65 note 5} Psalms, xvii. 28.

^{page 65 note 6} Gregory, Moralia, xix (P.L., lxxvi. 119).

^{page 66 note 1} Psalms, cxii. 6.

^{page 66 note 2} Isidore, Etymologiae, in P.L., Ixxxii. 438 : ‘ Vulpes dicta quasi volupes. Est enim volubilis pedibus et nunquam rectis itineribus sed tortuosis anfractibus currit, fraudulentum animal insidiis decipiens. Nam dum non habuerit escam, fingit mortem, sicque descendentes quasi ad cadauer aves rapit et devorat.’

^{page 67 note 1} The reference is not to Isaiah, lx, but to Isaiah, lv. 6.

^{page 67 note 2} Psalms, cxliv. 18.

^{page 67 note 3} Psalms, exxi. 2.

^{page 68 note 1} I Corinthians, vii. 20.

^{page 68 note 2} Cornuti refers to the mitre, one of the insignia of a bishop's office.

^{page 68 note 3} Isaiah, xxviii. 10.

^{page 69 note 1} Pliny, Naturalis Historia, x. 30 : ‘ Quando grues profiscantur consentiunt, volant ad prospiciendum alte, ducem quern sequantur eligunt in extremo agmine per vices qui adclament dispositos habent et qui gregem voce contineant, excubias habent nocturnis temporibus lapillum pede sustinentes, qui laxatus somno et decidens indiligentiam coarguat’; Alexander Neckam De Naturis Rerum, i. 47 (Rolls Series, p. 99); cf. also Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Clerici’ : ‘ Et sicut in gruibus ordo habetur ut dicitur nature quod ceteris quiescentibus una quasi aliarum faciens excubias vigilat.’

^{page 70 note 1} Helinandus de Froidmont (1170–1220), De Bono Regimine Principis (P.L., ccxii. 745–760), ‘ De studio eius et sapiencia’. “ Necessaria est ergo principi peritia litterarum cuiquotidie legem Domini legere praecipitur. Qua enim die legem non legerit, non ei dies vitae est, sed dies mortis.”’

^{page 70 note 2} In the parliament of 1377, one of the three wishes of the Commons presented by this speaker Peter de la Mare was that there should be appointed attendants about the person of the king while he was young. Sir Richard Abberbury, a knight of the Black Prince, was appointed the king's first ‘ magister ’. He was succeeded by Sir Simon Burley.

^{page 70 note 3} Wisdom, vi. 26.

^{page 70 note 4} Helinandus, Op. cit., col. 755. ‘ Hinc est quod in litteris quae rex Romanorum misisse legitur ad regem Francorum, hortatur eum ut liberos suos libertatibus disciplinis instrui faceret: Rex illitteratus est asinus coronatus.’

^{page 71 note 1} Ephesians, vi. 11.

^{page 71 note 2} Psalms, ciii. 28.

^{page 71 note 3} Anglicus, Bartholomaeus, De Proprietatibus Rerum, xii. 22Google Scholar. Cf. P. Meyer, Conies Moralists de Nicholas Bozon, p. 248.

^{page 71 note 4} Psalms, ix. 8.

^{page 72 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio iii, De Penitentia, Distinctio i, c. 2.

^{page 72 note 2} Psalms, lviii. 6.

^{page 72 note 3} A paraphrase of Ezechiel, xviii, 23.

^{page 72 note 4} Walter Map, De Nugis Curialium, p. 144.

^{page 72 note 5} Matthew, xxvii. 7.

^{page 73 note 1} Psalms, cxviii. 59.

^{page 73 note 2} Caesarius, Dialogus Miraculorum, ‘ De Contricione ’, c. 2. (ed. Strange, i. 68).

^{page 73 note 3} Luke, xv. 18.

^{page 73 note 4} Psalms, cxviii. 155.

^{page 73 note 5} Psalms, lxviii. 3.

^{page 73 note 6} Cf. Sermon 15, p. 59, n. 1.

^{page 73 note 7} Psalms, xxxi. 4.

^{page 74 note 1} Isaiah, xxxviii. 1.

^{page 74 note 2} Macrobii in Somnum Scipionis et Ciceronis VI Libro de Rep. Eruditissima Explanatio (Venice, 1528)Google Scholar, lib. i, fo. 29 V.

^{page 74 note 3} John the Deacon, Vita S. Gregorii Magni, vii (P.L., lxxv. 276–81).

^{page 74 note 4} Psalms, vii. 13.

^{page 74 note 5} Luke, xvii. 21.

^{page 75 note 1} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xlv, c. 12.

^{page 75 note 2} Psalms, 1. 19.

^{page 75 note 3} Decretalium Gregorii Papae IX, lib. v, tit. xxxviii, c. 12.

^{page 75 note 4} Sexti Decretalium, lib. i, tit. vi, c. 34.

^{page 76 note 1} In Clementinarum, lib. iii, tit. vii. c. 1 and 2.

^{page 76 note 2} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio i, c. 86.

^{page 76 note 3} Psalms, xxxi. 6.

^{page 76 note 4} Cf. Sermon 12, p. 43, n. 3.

^{page 77 note 1} I have been unable to locate this exemplum.

^{page 77 note 2} Decretalium Gregorii Papae IX, lib. v, tit. xix, c. 3.

^{page 77 note 3} Augustine, Sermones de Sanctis, cccxi, in P.L., xxxviii. 1716.

^{page 77 note 4} Seneca, , Excerpta Controversiarum, iv. 3 (ed. Schotto, A., 1665, p. 448Google Scholar).

^{page 77 note 1} Psalms, lxi. 14.

^{page 77 note 2} Job, vii. 7.

^{page 77 note 3} Sermo xvii, ‘ De triplici custodia, manus, linguae, et cordis ’ in Bernard, Opera Genuina (1854 edn.), iii. 34.

^{page 79 note 1} Alphabet of Tales, ed. Mary M. Bank (EETS, London, 1904), i. 21; William de Wadington, Manuel des Pechiez, Il. 4163 ff.

^{page 79 note 2} Anselm, Meditationes, ii (P.L., clviii. 723).

^{page 80 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, ‘ Acquisitio ’. Cf. Sermon 28, p. 111, where the story is told in detail.

^{page 81 note 1} Bernard, Homilia Super Missus Est (P.L., clxxxiii. 80).

^{page 81 note 2} I have been unable to locate this reference.

^{page 81 note 3} Caesarius, Dialogus Miraculorum, ed. J. Strange (Cologne, 1851) i. 83–4. Also in ABC of Tales (EETS, vol. 126, Part i), p. 145.

^{page 82 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Eucharistia ’.

^{page 82 note 2} Matthew, xix. 24.

^{page 82 note 3} I have been unable to locate this reference.

^{page 82 note 4} Matthew, xix. 14.

^{page 82 note 5} Luke, xi. 17.

^{page 83 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantum, s.v. ‘ Gloria ’.

^{page 83 note 2} Strabo, Homilia in Initium Evangelii Sancti Matthaei (P.L. cxiv. 851).

^{page 83 note 3} Isidore, Etymologiae, vii. 7, 5.

^{page 83 note 4} Ibid., ‘ Tune enim hoc nomen accepit quando tota nocte luctatus vicit in certamine angelum ’, etc.

^{page 84 note 1} I Corinthians, iii. 16.

^{page 84 note 2} Promptuarium Exemplorum Discipuli (attributed to John Herolt), cf. ‘ Misericordia Dei’, Exemplum, M, XIX. Sermones Discipuli cum Exemplorum Promptuario (Venice, 1598)Google Scholar. The source is Vitae Patrum (P.L., lxxiii. 1046–7).

^{page 84 note 3} Psalms, 1. 9.

^{page 85 note 1} de Vitry, Jacques, Exempla (ed. Greven, J., (Heidelberg, 1914), p. 38Google Scholar.

^{page 85 note 2} Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homilia xl, in P.G., xxx. 856–7.

^{page 85 note 3} Not in Augustine. It occurs in the Tractatus de Interiori Domo (attributed to St. Bernard), P.L., clxxxiv. 517. Cf. Sermon 18, p. 73, n. 5.

^{page 86 note 1} Pseudo-Turpin, ed. Smyser, H. M. (Cambridge, Mass., 1937), pp. 61–2Google Scholar.

^{page 86 note 2} Gregory, Homiliae in Ezechielem, i. 9. P.L., lxxvi. 876. Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 55.

^{page 86 note 3} I Corinthians, i. 12.

^{page 86 note 4} Job, xvi. 20.

^{page 87 note 1} Bernard, Tractatus de Moribus et Officio Episcopi (P.L., clxxxii. 822–3).

^{page 87 note 2} Isidore, Synonymi, ii (P.L., Ixxxii. 859).

^{page 88 note 1} Giraldus Cambrensis, Topographia Hibernica et Expugnatio Hibernica, ed. J. F. Dimock (Rolls Series), pp. 369—70. Cf Sermon 39, p. 173, n. 1, and Sermon 104, p. 478, n. 4.

^{page 88 note 2} Psalms, 1. 16.

^{page 89 note 1} Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Britonum vi. 19 (ed. A. Griscom, 1929), p. 382.

^{page 89 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, De Penitentia, Distinctio i, c. 2.

^{page 89 note 3} I have been unable to locate this quotation in the works of St. Bernard.

^{page 89 note 4} Bede, Historia Ecclesiastica, ii. 6.

^{page 90 note 1} Manuale (not by St. Augustine but compiled from various authors including Anselm and Hugo Victorinus), in P.L., xl. 961. Cf. Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse) p. 230 where a similar passage is attributed to Bernard.

^{page 90 note 2} Psalms, lxvii. 24.

^{page 90 note 3} Horstmann, C., Nova Legenda Anglie (Oxford, 1901, i. 31Google Scholar ; Liber Exemplorum (ed. A. G. Little, Aberdeen, 1908), p. 14.

^{page 91 note 1} Promptuarium Discipuli (attributed to John Herolt) ‘ De Miraculis Beatae Mariae Virginis ’, Exemplum L; ‘ Gutta Sanguinis Christi praeponderat omnia peccato mundi ’ (Sermones Discipuli de Tempore et de Sanctis cum Exemplorum Promptuario ac Miraculis B. Virginis Mariae, Venice, 1598Google Scholar.)

^{page 91 note 2} Gregory, Moralium, xxxi. 52. P.L., lxxvi. 630.

^{page 91 note 3} Psalms, xxix. 10.

^{page 92 note 1} This is a paraphrase of Psalms, v. 7: virum sanguinum et dolosum, etc.

^{page 92 note 2} Bernard, Meditacio de Humana Conditione in P.L., clxxxiv. 490. Cf. Sermon 10, p. 36, n. 2; Sermon 37, p. 160, n. 9; Sermon 54, p. 245, n. 4.

^{page 93 note 1} Psalms, cv. 38.

^{page 93 note 2} J. A. Herbert, Catalogue of Romances in the British Museum, iii. 691. Cf. Sermon 103, p. 471, n. 3.

^{page 93 note 3} Voragine, Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), pp. 202–3.

^{page 94 note 1} This story is not told by Valerius Maximus.

^{page 94 note 2} Psalms, lviii. 7, 15.

^{page 94 note 3} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xliii. c. 1.

^{page 95 note 1} Sexti Decretal., lib. iii, tit. xx, c. 1, ‘ De Censibus, Exactionibus et Procurationibus.’

^{page 95 note 2} Ibid., i, tit. viii, c. i. There is no chapter with the heading Omnes principes.

^{page 95 note 3} Extravagantium Communium, lib. 1, tit. viii, c. 1. There is no chapter with the heading Omnes principes.

^{page 96 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa vii, Quaestio 1, c. 39.

^{page 96 note 2} Decretal. Gregor, IX, lib. iii, tit. xiv, c. 1, 2.

^{page 96 note 3} Decretal. Gregor, IX, lib. iii, tit. xxix.

^{page 96 note 4} Extravagantium Communium, lib. i, tit. v.

^{page 96 note 5} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. v, tit. xxxix, c. 35.

^{page 96 note 6} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iii, tit. xxxv, c. 8.

^{page 97 note 1} Cf. Sermon 11, p. 39, n. 3.

^{page 98 note 1} John, xi. 28.

^{page 98 note 2} Cf. Sermon 12, p. 43, n. 1.

^{page 98 note 3} Jacques de Vitry, Historia Orientalis, c. 89.

^{page 98 note 4} Psalms, lvii. 5.

^{page 98 note 5} Exodus, vi ff.

^{page 98 note 6} Isidore, Etymologiae, vii. 7.

^{page 99 note 1} In the cathedral at Rochester there is a representation of the wheel of fortune dating back to the Middle Ages.

^{page 99 note 2} Cf. Sermon 18, p. 74, n. 2.

^{page 100 note 1} Augustine, Ad Fratres in Eremo: Sermo xlix. ‘ De Miseria Carnis at Falsitate Presentis Vitae,’ P.L., xl. 1332. Sermon 76, p. 347, n. 2.

^{page 100 note 2} Gregory, Epistolae, xi. 44, P.L., lxxvii. 1154. Cf. Sermon 8, p. 28, n. 1.

^{page 100 note 3} Anselm, Meditationes, ii, P.L., clviii. 723.

^{page 100 note 4} Wisdom, iv. 7.

^{page 100 note 5} Isidore, Synonymi, ii, P.L., lxxxiii. 859.

^{page 100 note 6} Cf. Sermon 7, p. 15, n. 2.

^{page 102 note 1} Ecclesiastes, ix. 1.

^{page 102 note 2} Psalms, cxlvii. 18.

^{page 102 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio iii, Distinctio i, c. 2. Cf. Sermon 18, p. 72, n. 1.

^{page 102 note 4} Not in Ezechiel, but Isaiah, xxxviii. 1.

^{page 102 note 5} I have not located this reference. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 89, n. 3.

^{page 103 note 1} I Corinthians, xii. 3.

^{page 103 note 2} Galatians, v. 17.

^{page 104 note 3} Gesta Romanorum, ed. Osterley, pp. 322–3. Cf. Sermon 6, p. 10, n. 6.

^{page 104 note 4} Peter Lombard, Sentientiae, iv. 2, Distinctio i, c. 8.

^{page 104 note 5} Psalms, lxxvii. 39.

^{page 104 note 6} Bromyard. Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Caro ’.

^{page 104 note 1} This folio is missing from the manuscript.

^{page 104 note 2} III Kings, xviii. 42.

^{page 104 note 3} Psalms, xxiii. 3.

^{page 104 note 4} Matthew, viii.

^{page 105 note 1} Homilia xxii, not xxxiii (P.G., xxx. 751).

^{page 105 note 2} Romans, i. 16.

^{page 105 note 3} A version of this story may be found in Promptuarium Exemplorum Discipuli attributed to John Herolt. Cf. ‘ Fides ’, Exemplum F, vi. The source of the story according to Herolt is the Speculum Historialis of Vincent of Beauvais. Sermones Discipuli de Tempore et Sanctis cum Promptuario Exemplorum (Venice, 1597).

^{page 105 note 4} Cf. also Sermon 56, p. 253.

^{page 105 note 5} Aristotle in Historia Animalium, ii. 14, refers to a tiny fish named Echeneis or ‘ shipholder ’. Closer to the text of the sermon is Jacques de Vitry, Die Exempla aus den Sermones feriales et communes de Jacob von Vitry (ed. J. Greven), p. 22. Gesta Romanorum, p. 666.

^{page 106 note 1} Augustine, In Iohannis Evangelium, Tractatus xl, c. 9, in P.L., xxxv. 1690.

^{page 106 note 2} Cf. Sermon 11, p. 39, n. 3, Sermon 24, p. 97, n. 1.

^{page 106 note 3} Augustine, Sermon ccclxxxiv in P.L., xxxix. 1690.

^{page 106 note 4} This exemplum is used with a different application by Eadmer, De Excellentia Beatae Mariae, lib. v, in P.L., clix. 566.

^{page 106 note 5} Hebrews, xi. 33.

^{page 107 note 1} I Peter, v. 8.

^{page 107 note 2} Ovid, Fasti, iii. 377. See also Plutarch's Lives, ‘ Numa Pompilius‘ for the shield ‘ ancile ’.

^{page 108 note 1} Matthew, ii. 1.

^{page 108 note 2} Legenda Aurea, ed. Graesse, p. 627.

^{page 108 note 3} I John, v. 4.

^{page 109 note 1} James, ii. 20.

^{page 109 note 2} Psalms, cxxiv. 1.

^{page 110 note 1} Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Ordo Clericalis ’ : ‘ Et tune dicuntur mercernarii a mercede quam accipiunt ne peccatores corporaliter puniant sicut patet cum sequentibus. Quarto vero dicuntur mercenarii quia honores et temporalia et que sua sunt et non que sunt Iesu Christi. Sicut patet per decretum sumptum ex verbis Augustini. Sunt in ecclesia quidam prelati qui serviunt Deo non propter Deum sed propter temporalia commoda, qui magis sunt dicendi mercenarii quam prelati.’ Cf. also ‘ Prelatio ’.

^{page 110 note 2} The sermon to which reference is made is not 77, but 76, which is here paraphrased in P.L., clxxxiii. 1151.

^{page 111 note 1} Psalms, xxxix. 18.

^{page 111 note 2} Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Acquisitio ’.

^{page 112 note 1} Legenda Aurea, ed. Graesse, pp. 680–6.

^{page 112 note 2} Psalms, xlvii. 5.

^{page 112 note 3} Cf. Sermon 17, p. 70, n. 4.

^{page 112 note 4} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i, c. 45.

^{page 112 note 5} I have not traced this reference.

^{page 112 note 6} Psalms, xlviii. 3.

^{page 113 note 1} Hervieux, Les fabulistes latins, iv. 193.

^{page 113 note 2} Psalms, xiii. 3.

^{page 113 note 3} Cf. Chaucer, Nun's Priest's Tale, ii, 3325–30 :

‘ Allas, ye lordes, many a false flatour

Is in your cortes, and many a losengeour,

That plesen you wel moore, by my feith

Than he that soothfastnesse unto you seith.’

^{page 114 note 1} Psalms, lii. 6.

^{page 114 note 2} This story is rather common in accounts of the life of Edward the Confessor; see Lives of Edward the Confessor (Rolls Series), pp. 129–30, 283–5, 430–1.

^{page 114 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i, c. 39.

^{page 114 note 4} Cf. Sermon 4, p. 6, n. 2.

^{page 114 note 5} Psalms, cxxxii. 1.

^{page 114 note 6} Naturales Quaestiones, 1, 2. Cf. Sermon 7, p. 16, n. 7.

^{page 115 note 1} I Timothy, ii. 5.

^{page 115 note 2} The story of the two brothers is not in the Ecclesiastica Historia of Eusebius, It is in Bromyard's Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Filiatio ’, where the same reference is given. Cf. Sermon 49, p. 221.

^{page 115 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 83.

^{page 116 note 1} Hervieux, Les fabulistes latins, ii. 213.

^{page 116 note 2} Decreti Prima Pars, Causa i, Quaestio i c 27

^{page 116 note 3} Ecclesiasticus, xxxiv. 24.

^{page 117 note 1} Psalms, ciii. 30.

^{page 118 note 1} Seneca, Controversarii, iv. 4 : ‘ Sepulcri violati sit actio ’, in Gesta Romanorum, ed. Osterley, p. 488. Cf. Herbert, Catalogue of Romances in the British Museum, iii. 192.

^{page 118 note 2} This may be a reference to the Codex Iustinianus, ix. 19 (ed. Krueger, ii. 380).

^{page 119 note 1} Extravagantes Communes, iii. 12.

^{page 120 note 1} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio xciii, c. 24.

^{page 120 note 2} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. v, tit. vii, c. 12.

^{page 120 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xviii, Quaestio iv, c. 18.

^{page 121 note 1} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. v, tit. i, ‘ De Accusationibus ’, c. 17.

^{page 121 note 2} This may be a summary of Epistle cliii, ‘ Expectans expectavi ’. Materials for the History of Thomas Becket (ed. J. R. Robinson, Rolls Series), v. 269–278.

^{page 121 note 3} I have not located this reference.

^{page 122 note 1} Letter dated 1166 from John of Salisbury to Baldwin, bishop of Exeter, Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, ed. J. R. Robertson (Rolls Series), vi. 102.

^{page 122 note 2} Not in a letter by Thomas. John of Salisbury, Epistola ccxcviii ad Magistrum Herbertum (of 1170): ‘ Hoc autem certum teneat vestra dilectio quod dominus meus Cantuariensis praeelegit in exilio mori, quam sine ecclesiae liberatione redire.’ (John of Salisbury, Opera Omnia, ed. Giles, ii. 238).

^{page 122 note 3} This reference is not in a sermon on St. Eusebius, but in De Bono Mortis (P.L., xiv. 556).

^{page 123 note 1} Psalms, cxii. 1.

^{page 123 note 2} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio lxxxvi, c. 5.

^{page 124 note 1} Psalms, cxviii. 164.

^{page 124 note 2} Psalms, x. 3.

^{page 124 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 58.

^{page 124 note 4} This reference does not occur in the sermons relating to the gospel of St. John.

^{page 125 note 1} Cf Sermon 4, p. 4, n. 2; Sermon 12, p. 44, n. 2.

^{page 126 note 1} Cf. Augustine, ‘ Predicationis labor inanis si non sit intus qui operetur ’ P.L., xxxviii, 820. 825. Cf. Sermon 13, p. 79, n. 1.

^{page 126 note 2} I have not found this reference.

^{page 127 note 1} Acts, vii.

^{page 127 note 2} Acts, vii. 55.

^{page 127 note 3} Isidore, Etymologiae, vii. 9, 5,

^{page 128 note 1} Bernard, , Sermo iii, ‘In Annuntiatione’ Opera (Benedictine edn., 3 vols., Paris, 1854), ii. 296Google Scholar.

^{page 128 note 2} Malachias, i. 3.

^{page 129 note 1} Decreti Tercia Pars, De Consecratione, Distinctio iv, c. 127.

^{page 129 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio iii, ‘ De Penitencia ’, Distinctio prima, c. 37, pars 2.

^{page 129 note 3} Council at Oxford, 1222 (Wilkins, Concilia, i (1737), 585).

^{page 129 note 4} Vitae Patrum in P.L., lxxiii. 778, 958.

^{page 129 note 5} Psalms, xxxiii. 14.

^{page 129 note 6} Speculum Laicorum (ed. J. T. Welter), Tale 536, p. 103.

^{page 130 note 1} Psalms, lxv. 18.

^{page 130 note 2} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, cf. ‘ Confessio ’.

^{page 130 note 3} Psalms, li. 11.

^{page 130 note 4} Augustine, Enarratio in Psalmum lxxxv (P.L., xxxvi. 1085).^{page 131 note 1} Matthew, vi. 21.

^{page 131 note 2} Job, xxxiv. 15.

^{page 131 note 3} Psalms, xl. 7.

^{page 131 note 4} I have not found this reference in De Arrha Anime.

^{page 131 note 5} Psalms, 1. 19.

^{page 132 note 1} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio 1, c. 4.

^{page 132 note 2} This passage occurs almost verbatim in Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘Confessio’.

^{page 132 note 3} Cf. Sermon 12, p. 43, n. 3 ; Sermon 19, p. 76, n. 2.

^{page 132 note 4} Psalms, xxvii. 3.

^{page 132 note 5} I Corinthians, xi. 29.

^{page 133 note 1} Psalms, v. 10.

^{page 133 note 2} A version of this story may be found in Caesarius of Heisterbach, Dialogus Miraculorum, Distinctio Secunda, De Contritione, c. 15 (ed. J. Strange, Cologne, 1851, pp. 83–4).

^{page 133 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio iii, Distinctio iii, c. 42.

^{page 133 note 4} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. v, tit. xxxix, c. 29.

^{page 133 note 5} Catalogue of Romances in the British Museum, iii. 531–2 ; also in Nova Legenda Anglie, ‘ De Sancto Augustino ’ (ed. C. Horstmann, i. 100).

^{page 134 note 1} I Machabees, i. 4.

^{page 134 note 2} Isaiah, xlvi. 8.

^{page 134 note 3} Sexti Decretales, lib. v, tit. ii, c. 4.

^{page 134 note 4} I Corinthians, xiii. 13.

^{page 135 note 1} Psalms, cxlii. 4.

^{page 135 note 2} I have not found this reference.

^{page 135 note 3} Psalms, xxxvi. 4.

^{page 135 note 4} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xvii, Quaestio iv, c. 29.

^{page 136 note 1} Psalms, c. 6.

^{page 137 note 1} Jerome, Regula Monachorum, c. xiv, in P.L., xxx. 357.

^{page 137 note 2} Decreti Tertia Pars, ‘ De Consecratione ’, Distinctio v, c. 24.

^{page 137 note 3} Alphabet of Tales, p. 337.

^{page 137 note 4} Augustine, Liber De Salutaribus Documentis, c. 29 (P.L., xl. 1057).

^{page 138 note 1} Bernard, In Assumptione B. Mariae Virginis, sermo iv. Cf. Sermon 6, p. 11, n, 6.

^{page 138 note 2} Cf. Sermon 32, p. 131, n. 2.

^{page 138 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xvi, Quaestio i, c. 65.

^{page 138 note 4} Psalms, lviii. 10.

^{page 139 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa ii, Quaestio vii, c. 24.

^{page 139 note 2} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Ministracio ’. Wright, Thomas, Latin Stories (Percy Society, vol. viii, London, 1842), pp. 124–5Google Scholar.

^{page 140 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Temptacio ’ ; Gesta Romanorum, p. 597.

^{page 140 note 2} Chrysostom, In Psalmum l (P.G., xxix. 582).

^{page 141 note 1} Cf. Sermon 11, p. 39, n. 3 ; Sermon 24, p. 97, n. 1.

^{page 141 note 2} Anselm, Meditaciones, in P.L., clvii. 723.

^{page 141 note 3} Cf. Sermon 8, p. 26, n. 1.

^{page 141 note 4} Matthew, vi. 9–13.

^{page 142 note 1} I do not know how to interpret this reading.

^{page 142 note 2} Voragine, Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), pp. 494–5.

^{page 142 note 3} Ecclesiastes, ix. 1.

^{page 143 note 1} This folio (old numbering) is missing from the manuscript.

^{page 143 note 2} Quoted by Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Confessio ’, where it is attributed to St. John Chrysostom.

^{page 143 note 3} Cf. Sermon 24, p. 98, n. 2 ; cf. Sermon 19, p. 76, n. 4.

^{page 143 note 4} I have not found the exact work to which Brinton refers. The law referred to is ‘ De arboribus caedendis’, Digesta, xxxxiii. 27 (Corpus Iuris Civilis, ed. Mommsen, i. 703).

^{page 143 note 5} Psalms, xlviii. 12.

^{page 143 note 6} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Acquisitio ’.

^{page 144 note 1} Isaiah, xxii. 12.

^{page 144 note 2} I Thessalonians, iv. 7.

^{page 145 note 1} Psalms, xlii. 6.

^{page 145 note 2} Cf. Sermon 16, p. 61, n. 1.

^{page 146 note 1} Isidore, Etymologiae, xii. 4.

^{page 146 note 2} Bernard, Tractatus de gracia et libera arbitrio, c. 14, in P.L., clxxxii. 1026.

^{page 146 note 3} Cf. Sermon 19, p. 77, n. 1.

^{page 148 note 1} Matthew, v. 16.

^{page 148 note 2} Psalms, cxviii. 66.

^{page 148 note 3} This may be a paraphrase of De Trinitate, xiv. 7, in P.L., xlii. 1020–21.

^{page 148 note 4} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Fides ’. Also in Historia Tripartita, vi. 13, in P.L., lxix. 1058.

^{page 148 note 5} I have not found this reference.

^{page 148 note 6} Voragine, Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), p. 101.

^{page 149 note 1} The Communion in the Mass of the Holy Cross in the Dominican, Westminster Abbey, York, Sarum, and other rites.

^{page 149 note 2} Psalms, lxxiii, 12.

^{page 149 note 3} Decreti Tertia Pars, Distinctio iii, c. xxviii.

^{page 149 note 4} This reference is not in Innocent, De Miseria Conditionis Humane.

^{page 150 note 1} Augustine, Sermon ccclxvii, in P.L., xxxviii. 1651.

^{page 150 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxii, Quaestio i, c. 12.

^{page 150 note 3} Eadmer, Liber de S. Anselmi Similitudinibus, c. lxxxiv, in P.L., clix. 655.

^{page 151 note 1} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iv, iti. 1, c. 16.

^{page 151 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio ii, c. 8.

^{page 151 note 3} Pandect, xlviii. 23 (2), in Corpus Iuris Civilis, ed. Mommsen, ii. 863.

^{page 151 note 4} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 21.

^{page 151 note 5} Sexti Decretal, lib. v, tit. ii, c. 4.

^{page 151 note 6} Cf. Sermon 13, p. 50, n. 1.

^{page 151 note 7} Psalms, lxxxv. 4.

^{page 152 note 1} See introductory note.

^{page 152 note 2} Legenda Aurea, ed. Graesse, p. 194.

^{page 152 note 3} Galatians, iv. 27.

^{page 152 note 4} Not from Isidore, but from Gesta Romanorum, Tale xxix, ‘ De peccato et iudicio ’ (ed. Oesterley), pp. 328–9. Cf. Sermon 7 p. 18, n. 6.

^{page 153 note 1} Cf. Sermon 7, p. 19, n. 1.

^{page 153 note 2} Bernard, In Assumptione B. Mariae Virginis, Sermo iv (P.L., clxxxiii. 427). Cf. Sermon 6, p. 11, n. 4.

^{page 153 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa viii, Quaestio i, c. 19.

^{page 153 note 4} Cf. Sermon 34, p. 143.

^{page 153 note 5} I have not located this reference.

^{page 153 note 6} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iii, tit. v, c. 37.

^{page 154 note 1} Cardinal Gasquet (‘ A Forgotten English Preacher ’, Old English Bible and other Essays, p. 87), finds in this phrase, which occurs also in Sermon 44 (p. 195), a similarity to John Ball's famous saying at the time of the Peasants' Revolt, and observes that Brinton was preaching in Kent at about the same time as Ball. See also Owst, Literature and Pulpit in Medieval England, pp. 291–2.

^{page 154 note 2} Psalms, xlviii. 17.

^{page 154 note 3} Psalms, lxiii. 11.

^{page 155 note 1} Psalms, xciii. 19.

^{page 155 note 2} II Corinthians, i. 12.

^{page 155 note 3} Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homilia xl in P.G., xxx. 856–7. Cf. Sermon 21, p. 85, n. 2.

^{page 155 note 4} Isidore, Synonymi, ii, in P.L., lxxxiii. 859. Cf. Sermon 21, p. 87, n. 2 ; Sermon 25, p. 100, n. 5.

^{page 155 note 5} Alexander Neckam, De Naturis Rerum, ed. Wright, p. 310. Cf. also Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Conscientia ’ : Gesta Romanorum, pp. 590–1.

^{page 156 note 1} ‘ Proprietates Mortis ’, Religious Lyrics of the XIII Century, ed. Carleton Brown, p. 131.

^{page 156 note 2} Not from Hugo, De Anima, but from the Tractatus de Interiori Domo attributed to Bernard, P.L., clxxxiv. 517. Cf. Sermon 18, p. 73, n. 6, Sermon 21, p. 85, n. 3.

^{page 156 note 3} Psalms, xxix. 12.

^{page 157 note 1} Psalms, xv. 11.

^{page 157 note 2} Psalms, lvii. 11.

^{page 158 note 1} Matthew, xv. 24.

^{page 158 note 2} Matthew, xxvii. 25.

^{page 158 note 3} Psalms, 1. 16.

^{page 159 note 1} Hebrews, ix. 11.

^{page 159 note 2} Apocalypse, i. 5.

^{page 159 note 3} Hebrews, ix. 14.

^{page 159 note 4} Not written by S. Augustine, but compiled from various authors including Anselm and Hugo of St. Victor. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 90, n. 1.

^{page 159 note 5} Psalms, lxvii. 24.

^{page 159 note 6} Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), pp. 202–3. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 93, n. 3.

^{page 160 note 1} III Kings, xvii. 1 ; xviii. 1.

^{page 160 note 2} Luke, xxiii, 43.

^{page 160 note 3} Psalms, Ixxv iii. 3.

^{page 160 note 4} Bernard, Meditacio de Humana Conditione (P.L., clxxxiv. 490). Cf. Sermon 10, p.36, n. 2; Sermon 22, p. 92, n. 2.

^{page 160 note 5} Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Britonum, vi. 17–19. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 89. n. 1.

^{page 161 note 1} Luke, xxiii. 34.

^{page 161 note 2} Hebrew, xii. 22–4.

^{page 161 note 3} Psalms, liv, 24.

^{page 162 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Confessio ’.

^{page 162 note 2} Gregory, Moralia, xxxi. 52 (P.L., lxxvii. 630). Cf. Sermon 22, p. 91, n, 2.

^{page 162 note 3} Psalms, xxi. 17.

^{page 163 note 1} Bernard, Homilia de laudibus Virginis Matris …. ii (Opera, 1854 edn.), ii. 130.

^{page 163 note 2} The reference is to the hymn Ave Maris Stella, which is sung at Vespers in the Little Office of the B.V.M., and in the Roman Breviary at First and Second Vespers of the feasts of the B.V.M. and in the Saturday Office.

^{page 163 note 3} Liber Exemplorum ad usum predicantium (ed. Little), p. 30.

^{page 164 note 1} See above, p. 163, n. 1.

^{page 164 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xii, Quaestio i, c. 5.

^{page 164 note 3} Institutiones, lib. ii, tit. 7, ‘ De Donationibus ’.

^{page 164 note 4} Miracles of the Virgin Mary, iii. 15, in MS. Cotton, Cleopatra C.x. Cf. H. L. D. Ward. Catalogue of Romances in the British Museum, ii. 617.

^{page 165 note 1} Not from Bernard ; cf. Ernaldus, Libellus de Laudibus B. Mariae Virginis (P.L., clxxxix. 1726). Cf. Sermon 14, p. 55, n. 1.

^{page 165 note 2} Bernard, Homilia i (Opera, ii. 121).

^{page 165 note 3} See above, p. 163, n. 1.

^{page 167 note 1} I have not located this reference.

^{page 167 note 2} Polycronicon is an error for Polycratico. Cf. Sermon 12, p. 46, note 2, where the reference is assigned to Vegetius, De Re Militari, and Sermon 78, p. 356 n. 2.

^{page 167 note 3} Cf. Ripon, MS. Harley 4894, fo. 189 ; Owst, Literature and Pulpit in Medieval England, P 552.

^{page 168 note 1} Isidore, Sententiae, iii. 48, in P.L., iii. 719.

^{page 168 note 2} Psalms, xlvii. ii.

^{page 168 note 3} Augustine, De Vita Christiana, in P.L., xl. 1033.

^{page 168 note 4} Psalms, xlviii. 12.

^{page 168 note 5} Luke, x. 20.

^{page 169 note 1} I have not located this reference.

^{page 169 note 2} Galatians, iv. 5.

^{page 169 note 3} Maurus, Rabanus, De Universis, iv. 1Google Scholar, in P.L., cxi. 7 ; Isidore, , Etymologiae, vii 10Google Scholar.

^{page 169 note 4} Matthew, xv. 22.

^{page 170 note 1} In 1362, Edward III, with the hope that the Black Prince would be able to win over the nobles and people of southern France, gave him all the English dominions there and the title of Prince of Aquitaine. The Black Prince and his wife Joan went to Gascony in 1363 and maintained a brilliant court there until 1371. For nearly six years the Black Prince kept peace in his dominions, but he was not altogether successful in conciliating the greater nobles.

^{page 170 note 2} Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum (P.G., xxx. 817).

^{page 170 note 3} Decretales Gregorii IX, lib. v, tit. ii, c. xxxi.

^{page 170 note 4} Jerome, Epistle xiv, in P.L., xxii. 354.

^{page 171 note 1} Institutiones, iii. 28 (3) (Corpus Iuris Civilis, ed. Krueger, i. 260).

^{page 171 note 2} Psalms, ii. 7.

^{page 171 note 3} Seneca, De Beneficiis i. 1–9, paraphrased.

^{page 171 note 4} Romans, viii. 32.

^{page 173 note 1} The quotation is from Lucan, Pharsalia, ii. 657. I am unable to interpret the reference, C. ad Selleyan.

^{page 173 note 2} Giraldus Cambrensis, Expugnatio Hibernica, ii. 30 (Rolls Series, pp. 369–70). In the British Museum is a manuscript of Higden's Polychronicon, Reg. 14, c. xiii, once in the library of Simon Bozoun, Prior at Norwich (1344–52). It contains also (fos. 168 v.–194 v.) the Expugnatio Hibernica. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 89, n. 1 ; Sermon 104, p. 478, n. 4.

^{page 173 note 3} Cf. Sermon 43, p. 191, n, 2 ; Chaucer, Pardoner's Tale :

‘ And many a grisly oath thanne have they sworn,

And Christes blessed body al torente.’

^{page 174 note 1} I have not located this reference.

^{page 174 note 2} I have not located this reference.

^{page 175 note 1} Cf. Sermon 27, p. 106, n. 4.

^{page 175 note 2} I have not located this reference.

^{page 175 note 3} Anselm, Cur Deus Homo, ii. 11, in P.L., clviii. 410–12.

^{page 176 note 1} Pseudo-Turpin, Historia Karoli Magni et Rotholandi, c. vii (ed. Smyser, pp. 61–2). Cf. Herbert, Catalogue of Romances in the British Museum, iii. 53, in P.L., xxxv, 1584–5.

^{page 176 note 2} Psalms, xxx. 13.

^{page 176 note 3} Peter Comestor, Historia Ecclesiastica, in P.L., exeviii. 1144.

^{page 176 note 4} Augustine, In Iohannis Evangelium, Tractatus xxiii.

^{page 176 note 5} I have not located this reference.

^{page 176 note 6} Psalms, cxi. 7.

^{page 176 note 7} Psalms, cxv. 15.

^{page 177 note 1} Psalms, xxi. 11

^{page 177 note 2} Proverbs, viii. 17.

^{page 177 note 3} Psalms, cxliv. 18.

^{page 177 note 4} Luke, xii. 31.

^{page 177 note 5} I have been unable to locate this reference.

^{page 177 note 6} Jacobus de Voragine, Legenda Aurea, c. xxxvi, ‘ De sancto Ignatio ’ (ed. Graesse, p. 157). Cf. also Speculum Laicorum, ed. T. Welter, p. 9.

^{page 178 note 1} Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), p. 383. Cf. also Speculum Laicorum, p. 10.

^{page 178 note 2} Pliny in Historia Naturalis, xi. 79, tells that in the crop of young swallows are found white or pink pebbles known by the name of ‘ chelidonii’ and said to be employed in magical incantations.

^{page 178 note 3} Psalms, ciii. 15.

^{page 178 note 4} Decreti Tertia Pars, De Consecratione, Distinctio ii, c. 74.

^{page 178 note 5} Chrysostom, De Proditione Judae, Homilia i (P.G., xxvii. 380).

^{page 179 note 1} Ralph Higden, Polychronicon, vii. 19.

^{page 179 note 2} Psalms, lxviii. 33.

^{page 179 note 3} Bernard, In Coena Domini, Sermo (P.L., clxxxiii. 272–3).

^{page 179 note 4} Jacob Van Maerlant, Naturen Bloeme (based upon Cantimpre's, ThomasHistoria Naturalis) ed. qVerwijs, E. (Leiden, 1878), pp. 139–40Google Scholar.

^{page 180 note 1} Psalms, civ. 3.

^{page 180 note 2} Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), p. 916.

^{page 181 note 1} Bernard, In Cantica, Sermon liv (Opera Genuina, iii. 327).

^{page 181 note 2} I do not know the source of this quotation. Cf. Sermon 40, p. 180.

^{page 181 note 3} Proverbs, xv. 3.

^{page 181 note 4} Vita Sanctae Thaisis meretricis (P.L., lxxiii. 660).

^{page 182 note 1} Psalms, xviii. 10.

^{page 182 note 2} Jacobus de Voragine, Legenda Aurea, ed. Graesse, p. 849. This reference is from the section ‘ De Dedicatione Ecclesiae ’.

^{page 182 note 3} This is similar to a passage in Legenda Aurea, p. 321, in the section, ‘ De Resurrectione ’.

^{page 182 note 4} Legenda Aurea, p. 850.

^{page 182 note 5} Ibid.

^{page 182 note 6} Ibid., p. 851.

^{page 182 note 7} Decretales Gregorii Papae IX, lib. iv, tit. xvii, c. 13.

^{page 182 note 8} Ibid, lib. i, tit. xiv, c. 9.

^{page 183 note 1} Psalms, xxxv. 2.

^{page 183 note 2} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. iii, tit. i, c. 1.

^{page 183 note 3} Cf. Sermon 20, p. 82, n. I.

^{page 184 note 1} Psalms, liv. 6.

^{page 184 note 2} This is an allusion to the violent wind of 15 January 1362 (Walsingham, Historia Anglicana (Rolls Series), i. 296 ; Continuator of Adam Murimuth (Rolls Series), p. 115). Blomefield says, that it blew down the spire of Norwich Cathedral, a fact which would make the ‘ big wind ’ memorable for Bishop Brinton, who at the time belonged to the Norwich priory. Cf. Piers Plowman, A text, v. 13–20.

He preued that thise pestilences · were for pure synne,

And the southwest wynde · on Saterday at evene

Was pertliche for pure pryde – and for no point elles,

Piries and plomtrees · were puffed to the erthe,

In ensample ye segges · ye shulden do the bettere,

Beches and brode okes · were blowen to the grounde

Turned ypward her tallies · in tokenynge of drede,

That dedly synne at domesday · shall fordon hem alle.’

^{page 184 note 3} Jacobus de Voragine, Legenda Aurea, ed. Graesse, p. 814. The story is found in the legend of SS. Barlaam and Josephat. It occurs also in Confessio Amantis, Mirk's Festial, the North English Homily Cycle, and the Alphabet of Tales. See Rosenthal, Constance, The Vitae Patrum in Old and Middle English Literature (Philadelphia, 1936), pp. 155–6Google Scholar.

^{page 185 note 1} I have been unable to locate this quotation in St. Jerome. But the Legenda Aurea, p. 85, attributes it to St. Jerome and uses almost the exact words : ‘ Sive comedam, sive bibam, sive aliquid faciam, semper mihi videtur illa vox in auribus meis insonare, surgite mortui et venite ad iudicium.’ The same words are attributed to St. Jerome in an anonymous ‘Meditation on the Passion ’ printed by Horstman, Yorkshire Writers, i. 117. See also Middle English Sermons (ed. Ross), p. 18.

^{page 185 note 2} Psalms, cxi. 7 : ‘ In memoria eterna erit iustus.’

^{page 185 note 3} Augustine, Liber de Spiritu et Anima (P.L., xl. 792).

^{page 185 note 4} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 3.

^{page 186 note 1} P.L., xl. 961. The work is not Augustine's, but compiled from various authors. A similar passage attributed to St. Bernard occurs in Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), p. 230. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 90, n. 1 ; Sermon 37, p. 159, n. 4.

^{page 186 note 2} Legenda Aurea, p. 445.

^{page 187 note 1} I have been unable to locate this reference.

^{page 187 note 2} I have not located this exemplum.

^{page 187 note 3} Psalms, iv. 3.

^{page 187 note 4} Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homilia xlv (P.G., xxx. 886).

^{page 188 note 1} Gregory, XL Homiliarum in Evangelia, ii. 30 in P.L., lxxvi. 1220.

^{page 188 note 2} Legenda Aurea, pp. 408–9.

^{page 188 note 3} This episode is narrated in Legenda Aurea, pp. 413–14.

^{page 189 note 1} Legenda Aurea, p. 416.

^{page 190 note 1} Psalms, xlix. 15.

^{page 190 note 2} Deuteronomy, vi. 4.

^{page 190 note 3} Psalms, viii. 6.

^{page 190 note 4} Psalms, xlviii. 13.

^{page 191 note 1} This reference is probably to Collecta Magistralia by de Licio, R. Caracciolus (Nuremberg, 1479Google Scholar).

^{page 191 note 2} Cf. Sermon 39, p. 173, n. 2.

^{page 191 note 3} I have not located this reference.

^{page 191 note 4} Robert Mannyng, Handling Synne (ed. Furnivall, E.E.T.S., 1901), i. 267.

^{page 191 note 5} Gregory, Epistolae, xiii, P.L., lxxvii. 1254–5.

^{page 192 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Ferie seu Festa ’. This story is from Giraldus Cambrensis, ‘ In Itinerario suo per Gualliam de rege Henrico Secundo, qui cum de Ibernia rediens in castro esset de Kaerdif ’ Opera (Rolls Series), viii. 180–1. Cf. also Sermon 77, p. 352, n. 4 ; Sermon 99, p. 455, n. 1.

^{page 192 note 2} Bartholomeus Anglicus (De Proprietatibus, xii) reports this same custom, but attributes it to the crow, Medieval Lore from Bartholomew Anglicus (ed. Steele, R., London, 1924), p. 126Google Scholar.

^{page 192 note 3} This story is told by Valerius Maximus, Factorum et dictorum memorabilium. Cf. Sermon 7, p. 21, n. 6; also in Pliny, Historia Naturalis, vii. 36; Gesta Romanorum, Tale 215 ; Alphabet of Tales, i. 16.

^{page 192 note 4} Chrysostom, In Iohannem, Homilia lxxxv (P.G., xxxii. 461).

^{page 193 note 1} Decretal. Gregor. IX, lib. i, tit. xxi. c. 5.

^{page 193 note 2} Matthew, xix. 6 ; Mark, x. 9.

^{page 193 note 3} Caesarius of Heisterbach, Dialogus Miraculorum, x. 60 ; Alexander Neckam, De Naturis Rerum (Rolls Series), p. 112 ; Gesta Romanorum, Tale 82, p. 410.

^{page 193 note 4} Bromyard, Summa Praedicantium, s.v. ‘Adulterium’.

^{page 194 note 1} Psalms, lxvii. 12.

^{page 194 note 2} Ephesians, iv. 5.

^{page 194 note 3} I Corinthians, x. 16, 17.

^{page 194 note 4} I Corinthians, ix, 24.

^{page 194 note 5} Augustine, Sermones De Diversis, ccclxvii (P.L., xxxix. 1651).

^{page 194 note 6} Ecclesiasticus, xxix. 15.

^{page 194 note 7} Cf. Sermon 21, p. 85, n. 1.

^{page 195 note 1} Bede, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, iii. 6. This narrative occurs also in Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Elemosina ’.

^{page 195 note 2} Psalms, ix. 19.

^{page 195 note 3} This may be a reference to the old proverb (c. 1340) :

‘ When Adam delfe and Eve span

Whare was þan eþ pride of man ? ’

(Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs, ed. W. G. Smith, pp. 2–3.)

There is also a lyric wrongly ascribed to Richard Rolle of Hampole :

‘ When Adam delf and Eve span

spir, if þou will spede

Whare was þan þe pride of man,

at now merres his mede ?

With an I and E, syker þou be

þare es nane, I þe hete.

Of al þi kith, would slepe þe

with under schete.’

(Allen, H. E., Writings Ascribed to Richard Rolle, and Materials for His Biography, New York, 1927, p. 296Google Scholar.)

Miss Allen suggests that John Ball may have used as a text for his famous sermon on Black Heath the proverb, which had been long current, or he may have taken a hint from the above rhymes. However, if Sermon 44 is the one which Bishop Brinton preached on the day following the coronation of Richard II, John Ball may possibly have found a suggestion in this passage for his sermon.

^{page 196 note 1} Psalms, xl. 2.

^{page 196 note 2} Legenda Aurea, pp. 741–2.

^{page 196 note 3} Pseudo-Turpin, Historia Karoli Magni et Rotholandi, c. 16 (ed. H. M. Smyser), pp. 71–2. The story is told also by Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Elemosina ’.

^{page 197 note 1} Probably misquoted from ‘ Mendicitatem aut divitias ne dederis mihi ’, Proverbs, xxx. 8.

^{page 197 note 2} Psalms, lxvii. 11.

^{page 197 note 3} Psalms, xi. 6.

^{page 197 note 4} The first part of this story up to the point ‘ Ve michi quia statim oportet me mori ’, occurs in Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Dominatio ’ ; The aprocryphal story of the founding of the Carthusian order is told in the Vita Antiquior of St. Bruno. Acta Sanctorum, 6 October, pp. 703–11.

^{page 198 note 1} I have not found the source of this reference.

^{page 198 note 2} Probably from ‘ Erant perseverantes unanimiter in oratione ’, Acts, i. 14.

^{page 198 note 3} The reference intended is probably Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio v, c. 20.

^{page 198 note 4} Genesis xlii. 21.

^{page 198 note 5} Bacon, Roger, Secreta Secretorum, ed. Steele, Robert (Oxford, 1920), p. 44Google Scholar. Cf. Sermon 108, p. 312 r., note 23.

^{page 199 note 1} Cf. Sermon 69, p. 320.

^{page 199 note 2} The reference should read 2 Regum 24.

^{page 199 note 3} Psalms, lxv. 18.

^{page 199 note 4} Augustine, Sermon LXX (P.L., xxxviii. 923).

^{page 199 note 5} I have been unable to locate this story.

^{page 199 note 6} Psalms, lxi. 11.

^{page 200 note 1} Psalms, cxi. 3.

^{page 200 note 2} Ephesians, ii. 4.

^{page 200 note 3} Psalms, cxxxii. 1.

^{page 200 note 4} Chrysostom, De Proditione Iudae, Homilia i (P.G., xxvii. 380). Cf. Sermon 40, p. 178, n. 5.

^{page 201 note 1} Decreti Tertia Pars, ‘ De Consecratione ’, Distinctio ii, c. 74.

^{page 201 note 2} Rabanus Maurus, De Vniverso, P.L., cxi. 82.

^{page 201 note 3} Pseudo-Augustine, Manuale in P.L., xl. 961. Cf. Sermon 22, p. 90, n. 1: Sermon 37, p. 159, n. 4: Sermon 42, p. 186, n. 1.

^{page 201 note 4} John Damascene, Homilia in Transfiguracosnem. Domini, in P.G., xcvi. 562).

^{page 201 note 5} Psalms, xxxiii. 16.

^{page 201 note 6} I have not been able to locate this passage in St. Augustine's works. It may be a paraphrase from Haymo, P.L., cxviii. 898. Cf. Sermon 16, p. 61, n. 1.

^{page 202 note 1} Tobias, v. 12.

^{page 202 note 2} Matthew, vii. 3.

^{page 202 note 3} Romans, vi. 23.

^{page 202 note 4} Cf. Sermon 44, p. 198, and Sermon 48, p. 216.

^{page 202 note 5} Genesis, xlii. 21.

^{page 203 note 1} Luke, xix. 42.

^{page 203 note 2} Proverbs, iv. 25.

^{page 203 note 3} Mark, xiii. 26.

^{page 203 note 4} Isaiah, xxxiii. 17.

^{page 203 note 5} Isaiah, xxvi. 10.

^{page 203 note 6} ‘ Videbit eum omnis oculus, et qui eum pupugerunt ’, Apocalypse, i. 7.

^{page 204 note 1} Exodus, xxv, 10.

^{page 204 note 2} Not in Valerius Maximus.

^{page 204 note 3} Matthew xxix. 4; Mark, xiii. 5.

^{page 204 note 4} Psalms, lvii. 9.

^{page 204 note 5} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Consilium ’.

^{page 205 note 1} Ephesians, v. 15.

^{page 205 note 2} Psalms, lii. 6.

^{page 205 note 3} Psalms, xxxvi. 35.

^{page 205 note 4} Job, xix. 25.

^{page 205 note 5} Corinthians, xiii. 12.

^{page 206 note 1} Psalms, lvii. 2.

^{page 206 note 2} Cf. Sermon 44, which develops the text Simul in vnum diues et pauper.

^{page 207 note 1} Cf. Sermon 6, p. 10, n. 8, and Sermon 11, p. 41, n. 2.

^{page 207 note 2} Cf. Sermon 44, p. 194, n. 5.

^{page 208 note 1} Cf. Sermon 21, p. 85, n. 1; Sermon 43, p. 194, n. 6.

^{page 208 note 2} Cf. Sermon 31, p. 127, n. 3.

^{page 208 note 3} Luke, xii. 18–20.

^{page 208 note 4} Augustine, Enarratio in Psalmum xxxvii (P.L., xxxvi, 397).

^{page 208 note 5} Herolt, John, Sermones Discipuli de Tempore et de Sanctis (Venice, 1598), Sermon 134, p. 503Google Scholar.

^{page 209 note 1} Cf. Sermon 8, p. 22, n. 3.

^{page 209 note 2} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xiii, Quaestio ii. c. 22.

^{page 209 note 3} Voragine, Legenda Aurea (ed. Graesse), pp. 196–7.

^{page 209 note 4} Peter Damian, De Bono Suffraganorum (P.L., clxv. 564).

^{page 209 note 5} Psalms, cxxiii. 7.

^{page 209 note 6} I have not found this reference.

^{page 211 note 1} Clementinarum, lib. i, tit. vi, c. 3.

^{page 211 note 2} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio lxxxix, c. 7.

^{page 211 note 3} Ibid., Distinctio xxi, c. 1.

^{page 212 note 1} Psalms, cxix. 1.

^{page 213 note 1} Psalms, cv. 41.

^{page 213 note 2} I have not located this reference.

^{page 213 note 3} Psalms, ii. 11.

^{page 213 note 4} Cyprian, De duodecim abusionibus saeculi, c. 9 (P.L., iv. 957).

^{page 213 note 5} Augustine, Liber de Salutaribus Documentis, c. 38 (P.L., xl. 1060).

^{page 214 note 1} Speculum Laicorum, Tale 361 (ed. T. Welter, p. 71).

^{page 215 note 1} The Council of Exeter was held in 1277 (Wilkins, Concilia, ii. 129).

^{page 215 note 2} Psalms, xxxvi. 4.

^{page 215 note 3} Proverbs, xv. 3.

^{page 215 note 4} This passage is taken from Matthew, xxv. 21, 23.

^{page 215 note 5} Apocalypse, xix. 10.

^{page 215 note 6} Psalms, lxxxiii. 12.

^{page 215 note 7} Isaiah, xlix. 5.

^{page 216 note 1} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio, lvi, c. 10.

^{page 216 note 2} Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Adulterium ’. Cf. Sermon 43, p. 193, n. 4.

^{page 216 note 3} Decretales Gregorii Papae IX, lib. i, tit. ix, c. 10.

^{page 217 note 1} Sexti Decretal, lib. iii, tit. 15, c. 1.

^{page 217 note 2} Psalms, xcix. 2.

^{page 217 note 3} Matthew, x. 22.

^{page 217 note 4} Psalms, ci. 23.

^{page 217 note 5} II Corinthians, xi. 23.

^{page 218 note 1} III Kings, xvii. 8.

^{page 218 note 2} Gesta Romanorum (ed. Osterley), p. 344.

^{page 219 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxi, c. 2.

^{page 219 note 2} Jerome, Epistle LX, Ad Heliodorum in P.L., xxii. 60. Cf. also Speculum Laicorum, cxli, no. 317.

^{page 219 note 3} Peter of Blois, Compendium in Iob (Opera, ed. A. Giles, iii. 40).

^{page 220 note 1} Decretal. Gregor. ix, lib. iii, tit. xxxvi, c. 7.

^{page 221 note 1} Bernard, De Laudibus Virginis Matris, Homilia i (Benedictine edition, ii. 122).

^{page 221 note 2} Valerius Maximus, Factorum dictorumque memorabilium libre novem, ix, 5 (ed. C. Halm, pp. 192–3).

^{page 221 note 3} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio c, c. 8.

^{page 221 note 4} Cf. Sermon 28, p. 28, n. 2.

^{page 222 note 1} Decretales Gregorii Papae IX, lib. i, tit. xxx, c. 8.

^{page 223 note 1} Decretales Gregorii Papae IX, lib. v, tit. xxxviii, c. 12.

^{page 223 note 2} Vitae Patrum lib. v, Verba seniorum no. 43 (P.L. lxxii. 903–4).

^{page 224 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xix, Quaestio iii, c. 4.

^{page 224 note 2} Ibid., Causa xi, Quaestio i, c. 41.

^{page 224 note 3} I have been unable to trace this reference.

^{page 224 note 4} Pliny, Historia Naturalis, viii. 50 (32).

^{page 224 note 5} Gregory, Homilia in Evangelia (P.L., lxxvi. 1135).

^{page 224 note 6} Augustine, In B. Iohannis Apocalypsim (P.L., xxxv. 2420).

^{page 225 note 1} Sermon 12, p. 43, n. 3.

^{page 225 note 2} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Penitentia ’.

^{page 226 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Confessio.’

^{page 226 note 2} Malachias, iii. 1.

^{page 226 note 3} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xxxiii, Quaestio iii, Distinctio i, c. 1.

^{page 227 note 1} Decreti Secunda Pars, Causa xi, Quaestio iii, c. 2.

^{page 227 note 2} Psalms, lxxvii. 49.

^{page 227 note 3} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio x, c. 3.

^{page 228 note 1} Decreti Prima Pars, Distinctio iii, c. 1.

^{page 228 note 2} Ibid., Distinctio 1, c. 29.

^{page 228 note 3} Ibid., Distinctio xxxviii, c. 3.

^{page 228 note 4} This may be a paraphrase of Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homilia (P.L., xxx. 622).

^{page 228 note 5} This may be a popular form of Fama malum quo non aliud velocius ullum (Aeneid, iv. 174).

^{page 229 note 1} II Timothy, ii. 5.

^{page 229 note 2} I have not found this reference.

^{page 230 note 1} Bernard, In Annuntiatione, Sermo iii (Opera, 1851 edn., ii. 296). Cf. Sermon 31, p. 128, n. 1.

^{page 230 note 2} Augustine, Sermo clxx (P.L., xxxviii. 923).

^{page 230 note 3} Decreti Tercia Pars, ‘ De Consecracione ’, Distinctio iv, c. 127.

^{page 230 note 4} John, v. 24.

^{page 230 note 5} Psalms, lxxxiii. 12.

^{page 230 note 6} Augustine, Liber de Vera et Falsa Poenitentia (P.L., xl. 1122).

^{page 231 note 1} Bromyard, Summa Predicantium, s.v. ‘ Confessio ’, ascribes this quotation to Chrysostom, but I have been unable to locate it. Cf. Sermon 50, p. 226, n. 1.

^{page 231 note 2} Ambrose, Expositio Evangelii secundum Lucam, x (P.L., xv. 1834).

^{page 231 note 3} Psalms, xliv. 3.

^{page 231 note 4} Gesta Romanorum, ed. Osterley, p. 590. T. Wright, Latin Stories, p. 135.

^{page 232 note 1} Rabanus Maurus, Expositio in Librum Esther (P.L., cix. 652).

^{page 232 note 2} Genesis, iii. 16.

^{page 233 note 1} Cf. Sermon 35, p. 146, n. 2.

^{page 233 note 2} Bernard, De Gratia et Libero Arbitrio (P.L., clxxxii. 1026). Cf. Sermon 35, p. 146, n. 2.

^{page 233 note 3} Crane, T., Exempla of Jacques de Vitry (London, 1890), no. lxviii, p. 29Google Scholar.