^{page 1 note 1} A proclamation dissolving Parliament was published on 22 Apr. 1659; see Steele, Robert, Tudor and Stuart Proclamations (Oxford, 1910), i, no. 3104.Google Scholar

^{page 1 note 2} Fleetwood and Desborough were members of Cromwell's upper chamber.

^{page 2 note 1} A Declaration of the Officers of the Army, Inviting the Members of the Long Parliament … to Return to the Exercise and Discharge of Their Trust; for its concluding part, see Mercurius Politicus (hereafter M. Pol.) May 5–12/59 and Public Intelligencer (hereafter Pub. Int.) May 2–9/59.

^{page 2 note 2} Someone has scratched out this word and written ‘ murthered ’.

^{page 2 note 3} According to M. Pol. June 30–July 7/59, Henry Cromwell reached Westminster on 2 July.

^{page 2 note 4} Henry Rich, styled Lord Kensington, died on 15 Apr. 1659. The previous February he had married Christian Gayer, daughter and heiress of Sir Andrew Riccard of London. Cokayne, G. E., The Complete Peerage (London, 1910–59), vi, p. 540Google Scholar.

^{page 2 note 5} Rugg here links two rather widely separated events. Robert Rich, second Earl of Warwick, whose grandson married Frances Cromwell, died on 19 Apr. 1658; Charles Cavendish, styled Viscount Mansfield, in June 1659.

^{page 2 note 6} Rugg may refer to coffee-houses here. Samuel Butler tells us that the ‘ Intelligencer ’, to furnish news, ‘ frequents Clubs and Coffee-Houses, the Markets of News, where he engrosses all he can light upon ’. Characters and Passages from Notebooks, ed. Waller, A. R. (Cambridge, 1908), p. 87Google Scholar.

^{page 3 note 1} George Brydges, Baron Chandos of Sudeley.

^{page 3 note 2} Lambert wrote, after Booth's defeat: ‘ The Enemy reported themselves to be above Four thousand, but to our view they never appeared above Two.’ M. Pol. Aug. 18–25/59.

^{page 3 note 3} Startle.

^{page 4 note 1} The proclamation was dated 9 Aug. Steele, i, no. 3125.

^{page 4 note 2} Lambert left London on 6 Aug. 1659 ; see Dawson, William Harbutt, Cromwell's Understudy: the Life and Times of General John Lambert (London, 1938), p. 327Google Scholar. According to M. Pol. Aug. 4–11/59, he set forth ‘ with three Regiments of Horse, one of Dragoons, and three of Foot, and a Train of Artillery ’.

^{page 4 note 3} Lambert was one of Cromwell's lords.

^{page 4 note 4} Cf. Pub. Int. Aug. 15–22/59.

^{page 5 note 1} John Bradshaw, the regicide. He was assisted in these examinations by Col. James Berry and Josiah Berners; see SirBerry, James and Lee, Stephen G., A Cromwellian Major General: the Career of Major James Berry (Oxford, 1938), p. 229Google Scholar.

^{page 5 note 2} Disturbances in Tunbridge Wells and Derbyshire were reported in M. Pol. Aug. 4–11, Aug. 18–25 and Aug. 24-Sept. 1/59.

^{page 5 note 3} Robert Duckenfield, Governor of Chester and of the Isle of Man, M.P. for Chester.

^{page 5 note 4} The letter, dated 20 Aug., was printed under the title, The Lord Lambert's Letter to the … Speaker … concerning the Victory … over the Rebels under Sir George Booth (London, 1659)Google Scholar. See also M. Pol. Aug. 18–25/59.

^{page 5 note 5} Cf. M. Pol. Aug. 18–25/59 and Pub. Int. Aug. 22–29/59. See also A True Narrative of the Manner of the Taking of Sir George Booth (London, 1659)Google Scholar. Booth's disguise exposed him to considerable ridicule. One printed lampoon was entitled, Whether Sir George Booth's Valour in the Late Engagement near Warrington or His Petticoats at Newport Pagnel Will Make Him Seem most like a Woman in the Eyes of the Next Generation.

^{page 5 note 6} The reading of this word is uncertain.

^{page 5 note 7} Leicester.

^{page 5 note 8} The Mews, or royal stables, at Charing Cross.

^{page 6 note 1} For Lambert's letter on the surrender, see M. Pol. Aug. 24-Sept. 1/59; Pub. Int. Aug. 22–29/59.

^{page 6 note 2} Cloak, disguise.

^{page 6 note 3} See Fortescue, G. K., Catalogue of the Pamphlets … Collected by George Thomason (London, 1908), ii, p. 258Google Scholar.

^{page 7 note 1} Cf. M. Pol. Oct. 6–13/59; Pub. Int. Oct. 3–10/59. The Lord Mayor was Sir Thomas Allen.

^{page 7 note 2} The act, dated 11 Oct., was printed in M. Pol. Oct. 6–13/59; Pub. Int. Oct. 10–17/59; see also Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 259.

^{page 7 note 3} A line has been drawn through the word ‘ headstrongo’. In the margin Rugg has written: ‘ The person that stop't the Speaker was Colonel Duckenfeild.’

^{page 8 note 1} The Army's Plea for Their Present Practice: Tendered to the Consideration of All Ingenuous and Impartial Men.

^{page 8 note 2} A Declaration of the Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in Scotland, and of the Officers of the Army under His Command, in Vindication of the Liberties of the People, and the Privileges of Parliament was published in Edinburgh in 1659.

^{page 9 note 1} Lambert began his northward march on 3 Nov.

^{page 9 note 2} The Committee was set up on 26 Oct. Its twenty-three members are named in M. Pol. Oct. 20–27/59 and Pub. Int. Oct. 24–31/59.

^{page 9 note 3} Steele, i, no. 3134 (5 Nov. 1659).

^{page 9 note 4} On 5 Nov., evidently; see Whitelocke, Bulstrode, Memorials of English Affairs (Oxford, 1853), iv, p. 370Google Scholar.

^{page 10 note 1} Petre House, until 1639 the town house of Lord Petre. Cromwell used it as a prison, but in 1657 it was occupied by Henry Pierrepont, Marquess of Dorchester.

^{page 10 note 2} Baynard's Castle, in Thames Street.

^{page 10 note 3} Nourishing. According to an advertisement in M. Pol. June 16–23/59, chocolate ‘ cures and preserves the Body of many diseases ’.

^{page 10 note 4} Here the manuscript appears to have envios.

^{page 11 note 1} Appraised.

^{page 11 note 2} E.g. A Proper New Ballad on the Old Parliament: or, the Second Part of Knave out of Doors. Longer works include Decrees and Orders of the Committee of Safety of the Commonwealth of Oceana and Resolves of the Committee of Safety: whereunto is Added, the Saints' Dictionary.

^{page 11 note 3} John Herbert, brother of the fifth Earl of Pembroke.

^{page 12 note 1} Philip Skippon.

^{page 12 note 2} Thomas Eyres, Governor of Hurst Castle.

^{page 12 note 3} Silvanus Taylor.

^{page 12 note 4} Rugg probably meant to write ‘ printer ’.

^{page 12 note 5} The commissioners arrived in London on 12 Nov.; they departed on 2 Dec. for Newcastle, not Scotland. See Cobbett, WilliamParliamentary History of England (London, 1806–20), iii, p. 1570Google Scholar.

^{page 13 note 1} Actually, 31 Oct.

^{page 13 note 2} E.g. The Arraignment of the Divel, for Stealing away President Bradshaw; A Guild-Hail Elegy, upon the Funerals of That Infernal Saint John Bradshaw; Bradshaw's Ultimum Vale; all appearing in Nov. 1659.

^{page 13 note 3} Still.

^{page 14 note 1} The less sympathetic accounts in M. Pol. Dec. 1–8/59 and Pub. Int. Dec. 5–12/59 report but two persons slain, as does Whitelocke, iv, p. 377.

^{page 14 note 2} M. Pol. and Pub. Int. make no mention of the complaints of the citizens, but content themselves with noting that on 6 Dec. a committee of aldermen went to the Committee of Safety, stating that they deplored the disorder and were resolved for the future ‘ to use their best interest and utmost endevour to prevent the like, and to secure the peace of their City ’, sentiments echoed by several of the Common Council.

^{page 15 note 1} On the Portsmouth developments, cf. M. Pol. Dec. 8–15/59 and for the two following weeks, and Pub. Int. Dec. 5–12 and 19–26/59. Lawson's declaration is printed in M. Pol. Dec. 22–29/59.

^{page 16 note 1} According to Pub. Int. Dec. 5–12/59, this occurred on 9 Dec.

^{page 16 note 2} Society.

^{page 17 note 1} A Declaration of Several of the People Called Anabaptists, in and about the City of London (12 Dec. 1659). See Brown, Louise Fargo, The Political Activities of the Baptists and Fifth Monarchy Men in England during the Interregnum (Washington, 1912), pp. 194–95.Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 2} Steele, i, no. 3139 (14 Dec. 1659).

^{page 17 note 3} Ireton and Tichborne were among those who had been added as Conservators.

^{page 18 note 1} See M. Pol. Dec. 15–22 and 22–29/59.

^{page 18 note 2} According to M. Pol. Dec. 15–22/59, ‘ Col. Salmon and others ’ were also sent.

^{page 19 note 1} See Pub. Int. Dec. 19–26/59, where the letter is dated 13 Dec.

^{page 19 note 2} This may refer to A Letter Sent from General Monk at Coldstream to the Right Honorable William Lenthall (29 Dec. 1659).

^{page 19 note 3} This proclamation, referring to malignants as well as priests and Jesuits, was dated 16 Dec. 1659. Steele, i, no. 3140.

^{page 19 note 4} On these developments, note M. Pol. Dec. 15–22/59; Pub. Int. Dec. 19–26/59.

^{page 19 note 5} Near Moorgate, according to M. Pol.

^{page 20 note 1} 21 Dec.

^{page 20 note 2} Illegible. Scandalous ?

^{page 20 note 3} A declaration vindicating Lord Mayor Allen and others from ‘ certain scandalous aspersions ’ contained in a pamphlet entitled, The Final Protest and Sense of the City, was in Thomason's hands on 20 Dec; ii, p. 271.

^{page 20 note 4} Convening.

^{page 21 note 1} The date of the fast was 4 Jan. M. Pol. Dec, 29–Jan. 5/60 notes that the House of Commons observed it ‘ within their own Walls ’.

^{page 22 note 1} Illegible. Corted, apparently.

^{page 22 note 2} He is called Lt.-Col. Miller in the newsbooks.

^{page 22 note 3} For these letters, see M. Pol. Dec. 22–29/59; Pub. Int. Dec. 19–26/59.

^{page 23 note 1} Henry Marten and Sir William Monson, first Viscount Monson of Castlemaine, had been imprisoned for debt in the Fleet.

^{page 23 note 2} On 31 Dec. 1659; see Commons Journal, vii, pp. 800–01.

^{page 23 note 3} Rugg must mean The Resolve of the City (23 Dec. 1659), a broadside protesting against the terms of the ‘ Agreement of the General Council of Officers ’; see above, pp. 20–21.

^{page 23 note 4} The Humble Petition of Richard Cromwell, Late Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland, to the Council of Officers at Wallingford House (27 Dec. 1659).

^{page 23 note 5} To the Supreme Authority, the Parliament of England …, the Humble Petition of Charles Fleetwood, Esq. (31 Dec. 1659).

^{page 23 note 6} A punning reference to Wimbleton House, the former residence of Queen Henrietta Maria, acquired by Lambert in 1652. See below, p. 26.

^{page 23 note 7} E.g. The Resurrection of the Rump, or Rebellion and Tyrany Revived (31 Dec. 1659); A New Year's Gift for the Rump (5 Jan. 1660).

^{page 24 note 1} William Packer.

^{page 24 note 2} Pub. Int. Jan. 9–16/60.

^{page 24 note 3} Continuing.

^{page 24 note 4} This was done on 26 and 27 Dec. 1659. See M. Pol. Dec. 22–29/59; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 271.

^{page 24 note 5} Steele, ii, no. 605a (Ireland, 14 Dec. 1659).

^{page 24 note 6} Chaloner.

^{page 24 note 7} Listed in M. Pol. Dec. 29–Jan. 5/60. On 2 Jan. ten more persons, ‘ which were no Members of Parliament’, were appointed; see Commons Journal, vii, p. 801.

^{page 24 note 8} M. Pol. Dec. 22–29/59 gives the parliamentary order under 26 Dec.; Commons Journal, vii, P. 797.

^{page 24 note 9} For the letter to Lawson, see Pub. Int. Jan. 2–9/60, under 2 Jan. The letters were ordered 29 Dec. 1659; Commons Journal, vii, p. 799.

^{page 25 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3145 (2 Jan. 1660).

^{page 26 note 1} See An Extract of a Letter from York concerning the Lord Fairfax's Raising That County in Arms against Illegal Taxes and Free Quarter, and for the Freedom of Parliament as It Was in 1648 (31 Dec. 1659).

^{page 26 note 2} On 4 Jan., according to M. Pol. and Pub. Int. An epidemic carried off most of Lambert's horses, and the men deserted for lack of pay.

^{page 26 note 3} See The Lord Lambert's Letter to the Speaker (3 Jan. 1660).

^{page 26 note 4} Ludlow mentions Lt.-Col. Warren, Major Warden and Major Warren among the principal contrivers; see Firth, C. H. (ed.), The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow (Oxford, 1894), ii, p. 185Google Scholar.

^{page 26 note 5} See above, p. 23 and n. 5.

^{page 26 note 6} Wimbleton House was noted for its gardens and picture gallery.

^{page 26 note 7} Cuckold ?

^{page 26 note 8} The Recantation and Confession of John Lambert, Esq. (12 Jan. 1660).

^{page 26 note 9} Vane appeared before the Commons on 9 Jan. 1660; see Commons Journal, vii, p. 806.

^{page 27 note 1} See M. Pol. Dec. 29–Jan. 5/60; Pub. Int. Jan. 2–9/60.

^{page 27 note 2} Hierome Sankey, or Zanchy.

^{page 27 note 3} The letter is printed in Pub. Int. Jan 9–16/60.

^{page 27 note 4} See Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 276.

^{page 28 note 1} ‘ He is by this time supposed to be at or near Newark ’; M. Pol. Jan. 12–19/60.

^{page 28 note 2} Rugg should have written Scotland. Parliament acted on 16 Jan. 1660; Commons Journal, vii, p. 813.

^{page 28 note 3} For this and the following parliamentary items, see M. Pol. Jan. 5–12 and 12–19/60; Pub. Int. Jan. 9–16 and 16–23/60.

^{page 28 note 4} See Thomason Catalogue, ii, pp. 275–78.

^{page 29 note 1} Cf. The Occasion and Manner of Mr. Francis Wolley's Death, Slain by the Earl of Chesterfield at Kensington (1660). Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield, was notoriously wild.

^{page 29 note 2} E.g. The Gang, or the Nine Worthies and Champions and The Hangman's Last Will and Testament, with His Legacy to the Nine Worthies; see Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 277 (17 Jan. 1660).

^{page 29 note 3} This probably refers to a declaration from Devon; see ibid, and the newsbooks.

^{page 29 note 4} Market Harborough. See M. Pol. Jan. 19–26/60; Pub. Int. Jan. 16–23/60.

^{page 30 note 1} From The Rump Dock't (21 Jan. 1660).

^{page 30 note 2} William Sydenham, brother of the physician, was expelled from the Long Parliament on 17 Jan. 1660; Commons Journal, vii, p. 813.

^{page 30 note 3} I omit this declaration, which Rugg gives without the preamble and in a somewhat paraphrased form, as it may be found in The Parliamentary or Constitutional History of England (hereafter cited as Old Parliamentary History; London, 1751–62), xxii, pp. 58–62Google Scholar. It appeared in M. Pol. Jan 19–26/60 and was separately printed; see Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 278. It was dated 23 Jan.

^{page 30 note 4} The declaration had but six heads.

^{page 31 note 1} Cf. M. Pol. Jan. 19–26/60; Pub. Int. Jan. 23–30/60, giving 25 Jan. as the date.

^{page 31 note 2} The declaration and Monck's answer appeared in M. Pol. Jan. 26-Feb. 2/60. See also Thomason Catalogue, ii, pp. 278–79.

^{page 31 note 3} Acquitted.

^{page 31 note 4} They arrived on 27 Jan., according to the newsbooks. The son was Christopher, who became second Duke of Albemarle. The reference to his family is not clear. They were quartered in ‘ the Prince's Lodgings ’. Davies, J. D. Griffith, Honest George Monck (London, 1936), p. 206Google Scholar.

^{page 31 note 5} M. Pol. Jan. 26–Feb. 2/60 reported that Monck announced his resolution ‘ to acquiesce in the Judgment of Parliament, who had decreed to fill up the number of the House speedily, and so advised them of the City also to acquiesce therein ’.

^{page 32 note 1} These and other county addresses are to be found in the newsbooks and as separate publications; see Thomason Catalogue, ii, pp. 281, 284, 287. David Ogg suggests a common origin, possibly Prynne, William; England in the Reign of Charles II (Oxford, 1934), i. pp. 20, 26.Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 2} On 28 Jan., according to Pub. Int.

^{page 32 note 3} Wychwood.

^{page 32 note 4} See Steele, ii, no. 608 (Ireland, 9 Jan. 1660).

^{page 32 note 5} Sir John Hobart.

^{page 32 note 6} Rugg nods here. M. Pol. Jan. 26–Feb. 2/60 reports four addresses at this time. It links Townshend with the Norfolk petition, stating that it was ‘ subscribed by three hundred Gentlemen’. See also Whitelocke, iv, p. 391; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 280.

^{page 32 note 7} William Wetton.

^{page 32 note 8} Steele, i, no. 3149. The petition was presented to Parliament on 31 Jan.; Commons Journal, vii, p. 828.

^{page 33 note 1} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 280; and see The Diary of Samuel Pepys, ed. Henry B. Wheatley (Random House, N.Y., i, p. 28, 2 Feb. 1660).

^{page 33 note 2} For this and the following parliamentary business, see M. Pol. Jan. 26–Feb. 2/60 and Pub. Int. Jan. 23–30/60.

^{page 33 note 3} Evidently a mistake for ‘ Attorney-General ’.1

^{page 33 note 4} Rugg fails to list Col. Thomas Middleton and Edward Bushell as Admiralty commissioners; cf. C. H Firth and R. S. Rait, Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum (London, 1911), ii, p. 1407; Commons fournal, vii, p. 825.

^{page 34 note 1} According to M. Pol. Feb. 2–9/60, they were to march out of London to make way for Monck's forces. See also Clarendon's, History of the Great Rebellion, ed. Macray, W. S. (Oxford, 1888), vi, p. 167Google Scholar; cf. Pepys Diary, i, pp. 28–30 (2–3 Feb. 1660).

^{page 34 note 2} Cf. M. Pol. Feb. 2–9/60 and Pub. Int. Jan. 30–Feb. 6/60.

^{page 35 note 1} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 282 (3 Feb. 1660).

^{page 36 note 1} Vautort.

^{page 36 note 2} Loud, in newsbooks.

^{page 36 note 3} Expressions.

^{page 37 note 1} Monck's appearance before Parliament and the two speeches may be found in M. Pol. Feb. 2–9/60; see also Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 283.

^{page 37 note 2} I omit Rugg's paraphrase of this speech, as it may be found in Old Parliamentary History, xxii, pp. 88–90.

^{page 37 note 3} Col. Ralph Cobbett had been entrusted by the Wallingford House party with delivering a letter to Monck, wherein they attempted to justify their conduct toward the Parliament. See Firth, C. H. (ed.), The Clarke Papers, Camden Society, iv (1901), p. 69n.Google Scholar; Berry and Lee, p. 254.

^{page 37 note 4} M. Pol. Feb. 9–16/60.

^{page 37 note 5} The newsbooks report the mutiny in Cochrane's regiment under 4 Feb., with a fuller account under 8 Feb.

^{page 38 note 1} Chamberlain.

^{page 38 note 2} The chains were taken down on 9 Feb. 1660.

^{page 39 note 1} This should read Leonard Lytcott.

^{page 39 note 2} These names appear in M. Pol. Feb. 9–16/60; see also Steele, i, no. 3151 (9 Feb. 1660)

^{page 39 note 3} M. Pol. notes that ‘ Quarters were assigned for the Soldiery in the severall Wards of the City’.

^{page 39 note 4} For this and following parliamentary items, see M. Pol. Feb. 9–16/60.

^{page 40 note 1} I.e. Monck.

^{page 40 note 2} This was in Broad Street. It had been used for the manufacture of glass. See Whitelocke, iv, p. 397.

^{page 40 note 3} The first issue of the ephemeral London's Diurnal was for Feb. 1–8/60. I cannot identify the ‘ Pollicuticus ’.

^{page 40 note 4} Steele, i, no. 3152 (13 Feb. 1660).

^{page 41 note 1} Foreign?

^{page 41 note 2} MS. sccusssion.

^{page 41 note 3} Fiennes.

^{page 41 note 4} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 284. There were ‘ other Gentlemen of the County of Oxford ’ among the presenters, according to M. Pol., which says it was presented 15 Feb. 1660.

^{page 41 note 5} Edward Rossiter.

^{page 41 note 6} See Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 285, and, for the Yorkshire declaration, Steele, i, no. 3153 (17 Feb. 1660).

^{page 41 note 7} Thomas Belasyse, Earl of Fauconberg.

^{page 41 note 8} Legard.

^{page 41 note 9} Wyvell.

^{page 41 note 10} Remington.

^{page 41 note 11} Woodnett?

^{page 41 note 12} Dawney; see Calendar of State Papers Domestic, 1659–60, p. 356.

^{page 42 note 1} There is a somewhat fuller treatment in M. Pol. and Pub. Int. Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 283, lists A Letter of the Apprentices of Bristol to the Apprentices of London, together with Their Declaration for a Free Parliament1, under 9 Feb. 1660.

^{page 42 note 2} Edmond, in Steele.

^{page 42 note 3} Baronet.

^{page 42 note 4} Steele, i, no. 3151a (12 Feb. 1660).

^{page 43 note 1} Belleau.

^{page 43 note 2} Gerard.

^{page 43 note 3} M. Pol. Feb. 16–23/60 gives several additional names.

^{page 43 note 4} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 285. I omit the speech, which can be found in Old Parliamentary History, xxii, pp. 140–43, and in Cobbett, iii, pp. 1579–81.

^{page 43 note 6} For these orders, see M. Pol. Feb. 16–23 and Feb. 23-Mar. 1/60.

^{page 43 note 6} See Commons Journal, vii, p. 847.

^{page 44 note 1} Rugg omits Mr. Rootes; see ibid., where the order is not for the prisoners' discharge, but to request an account of the cause of imprisonment.

^{page 44 note 2} Sir William Courtney; ibid.

^{page 44 note 3} The ‘ Act for the Constituting a Council of State ’ was dated 25 Feb. 1660; Firth and Rait, ii, p. 1418.

^{page 44 note 4} Onslow.

^{page 44 note 5} William Sumner.

^{page 44 note 6} Allen. This list differs from that in Commons Journal, vii, p. 850, in the treatment of Gower, Antrobus and Johnson; there Floyd is Ford and Eardley is Earely Rugg does not mention Deputy Lenthall.

^{page 45 note 1} Cawfield.

^{page 45 note 2} MS. vauac-(3 minims)-t.

^{page 45 note 3} Properly, ‘ sided with the late King ’.

^{page 45 note 4} M. Pol. Feb. 23–Mar. 1/60; Steele, ii, no. 609a (Ireland, 18 Feb.).

^{page 45 note 5} Rugg must mean ‘ the first time ’. See Commons Journal, vii, p. 852 (25 Feb. 1660).

^{page 45 note 6} Rolls.

^{page 46 note 1} The reference is to the act making Monck Commander-in-Chief; see Commons Journal, vii, p. 852.

^{page 46 note 2} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 287.

^{page 46 note 3} This should read October 13.

^{page 47 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3160 (27 Feb. 1660).

^{page 47 note 2} Charles Needham, fourth Viscount Kilmorey.

^{page 47 note 3} Commons Journal, vii, p. 854, has Sperstow and Rowland Lacy.

^{page 47 note 4} Cf. M. Pol. Feb. 23–Mar. 1/60.

^{page 48 note 1} Major-General Edward Massey, first a royalist, then a parliamentarian, then a royalist again, was negotiating with the English Presbyterians in Charles's interest.

^{page 48 note 2} A satirical ballad; see Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 288 (28 Feb. 1660).

^{page 48 note 3} M. Pol. Feb. 23–Mar. 1/60; Pub. Int. Feb. 27–Mar. 5/60. See also Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 288. Reynolds's sermon was entitled The Wall and Glory of Jerusalem; Gaudens's, Kακôνργôι, sive Medicastri: Slight Healers of Public Hurts.

^{page 49 note 1} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 289 (2 Mar. 1660).

^{page 49 note 2} George Gospight.

^{page 49 note 3} The full title of the ‘ pamphlet ’ (actually a single sheet) is A Serious Manifesto of the Anabaptist and Other Congregational Churches Touching the Present Transactions of the Affairs of the Commonwealth, both in Church and State.

^{page 49 note 4} Partisan, a kind of halberd or pike.

^{page 49 note 5} To the Tower of London.

^{page 50 note 1} M. Pol. Mar. 1–8/60 and Pub. Int. Feb. 27–Mar. 5/60 report such an address as coming from Northamptonshire, while another, not described, is attributed to Nottingham.

^{page 50 note 2} Commons Journal, vii, pp. 858 ff., gives 2 and 3 Mar. as dates. For this and subsequent items, see M. Pol. and Pub. Int.

^{page 50 note 3} Gooly.

^{page 51 note 1} MS. amin.

^{page 51 note 2} E.g. England's Monarchy Asserted and Proved to Be the Freest State throughout the World (8 Mar. 1660); Orthodox State Queries Presented to All Those who Retain Any Sparks of Their Ancient Loyalty (6 Mar. 1660).

^{page 51 note 3} For this and the following parliamentary business, see M. Pol. Mar. 1–8/60 and Pub. Int. Mar. 5–12/60.

^{page 52 note 1} Cf. ibid.

^{page 52 note 2} Omit for sense.

^{page 52 note 3} Eltham Park, in Kent.

^{page 53 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3163 (5 Mar. 1660).

^{page 53 note 2} No King but the Old King's Son, or a Vindication of Limited Monarchy as It Was Established in This Nation before the Late War between the King and Parliament (23 Mar. 1660).

^{page 54 note 1} The Apology of Robert Tichborne and John Ireton, Being a Serious Vindication of Themselves and the Good Old Cause (12 Mar. 1660).

^{page 54 note 2} Galatians.

^{page 54 note 3} A place where glass is made. See Wheatley, Henry B., London Past and Present (London, 1891), ii, p. 115Google Scholar.

^{page 55 note 1} Chedorlaomer.

^{page 55 note 2} From here to the listing of the King's Judges, Rugg relies on M. Pol, Mar. 1–8 and 8–15/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 5–12 and 12–19/60.

^{page 57 note 1} Maleverer.

^{page 57 note 2} Chaloner.

^{page 57 note 3} Braines, of Wixall.

^{page 57 note 4} Ross.

^{page 57 note 5} Vincent, of Damerham.

^{page 58 note 1} Rawlins, of Hanslope.

^{page 58 note 2} Llangollen.

^{page 58 note 3} Heanor.

^{page 58 note 4} Withington.

^{page 58 note 5} Whissendine.

^{page 58 note 6} Burden, of Lineham.

^{page 58 note 7} For this and the following entries, see M. Pol. Mar. 8–15/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 12–19/60.

^{page 59 note 1} Matthew Wren, Bishop of Ely, who had been in prison since 1642.

^{page 59 note 2} The reference is to two debts; see Commons Journal, vii, p. 877.

^{page 60 note 1} Rugg's chronology is faulty. The four men were Algernon Sidney, Sir Robert Honeywood, Thomas Boone and Edward Montagu. The first three did not join Montagu until July 1659. Montagu and Boone had returned. See Commons Journal, vii, p. 878, and below, p. 70.

^{page 60 note 2} This does not agree with Commons Journal, vii, p. 879, where we read that the trustees are to forbear to sell the lands of the Marquess of Winchester, claimed by the Lord St. John.

^{page 60 note 3} Cf. The Loyal Subject's Tears for the Sufferings and Abuses of Their Sovereign, Charles II … with an Observation upon the Expunging of Exit Tyrannus Regum Ullimus by Order of General Monck (21 Mar. 1660).

^{page 60 note 4} The act dissolving Parliament was separately printed; see Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 293. For the votes, see M. Pol. Mar. 15–22/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 12–19 and 19–26/60.

^{page 61 note 1} See Steele, i, no. 3165 (16 Mar. 1660). The object was to invoke a blessing upon the next Parliament.

^{page 61 note 2} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 293 (16 Mar. 1660).

^{page 61 note 3} Illegible.

^{page 61 note 4} Steele, i, no. 3170 (17 Mar. 1660).

^{page 61 note 5} Ibid., i, nos. 3166, 3167 (17 Mar. 1660).

^{page 63 note 1} For this petition and the foregoing items, see M. Pol. Mar. 15–22/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 19–26/60.

^{page 63 note 2} Guibon.

^{page 63 note 3} Barker.

^{page 63 note 4} Nalton.

^{page 63 note 5} Annesley. Rugg omits Taylor, Leigh and Breddock; see Firth and Rait, ii, p. 1459; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 292 (14 Mar. 1660).

^{page 63 note 6} See above, p. 45 and n. 4.

^{page 64 note 1} Colonel, in M. Pol.

^{page 64 note 2} Ibid., Mar. 15–22/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 19–26/60.

^{page 64 note 3} Steele, i, no. 3174 (24 Mar. 1660).

^{page 65 note 1} Silas Titus.

^{page 65 note 2} Christopher Love was executed for plotting against the Commonwealth. The royalist James Bunce had been discharged from his aldermanship in 1649. See Beaven, A. B., Aldermen of the City of London (London, 1913), ii, pp. 66, 69.Google Scholar

^{page 65 note 3} The ambassador was M. de Bordeaux.

^{page 65 note 4} M. Pol. Mar. 22–29/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 19–26/60.

^{page 66 note 1} See above, p. 64 and n. 3. Rugg has left the sentence incomplete.

^{page 66 note 2} Livewell Chapman was called upon to surrender before 2 Apr. 1660. See Steele, i, no. 3175 (28 Mar. 1660).

^{page 66 note 3} This and the following items are to be found in M. Pol. Mar. 29–Apr. 5/60; Pub. Int. Mar. 26–Apr. 2/60.

^{page 66 note 4} On 31 Mar., according to Whitelocke, iv, p. 405.

^{page 67 note 1} Mistress Rump Brought to Bed of a Monster (28 Mar. 1660).

^{page 67 note 2} The Rump's Last Will and Testament, which the Executors herein Named Have Thought Good to Publish and Exhibit (14 Mar. 1660).

^{page 67 note 3} The Life and Death of Mistress Rump (2 Apr. 1660).

^{page 67 note 4} See Thomason Catalogue, ii, entries of Feb.–Apr. 1660.

^{page 67 note 5} Prejudicial.

^{page 67 note 6} 6 Apr.; see Steele, i, no. 3165 (16 Mar. 1660).

^{page 67 note 7} Rugg now begins to draw on Mercurius Publicus (hereafter M. Pub.) Apr. 22–29/60, and Parliamentary Intelligencer (hereafter Parl. Int.) Mar. 26–Apr. 2/60.

^{page 68 note 1} Rugg probably means Thomas Tulley.

^{page 68 note 2} Burnand.

^{page 68 note 3} See Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 300 (2 Apr. 1660).

^{page 69 note 1} Pasha, or bashaw.

^{page 69 note 2} See Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 301 (9 Apr. 1660).

^{page 70 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3178 (11 Apr. 1660).

^{page 70 note 2} One who practises immersion in baptism.

^{page 70 note 3} M. Pub. Apr. 12–19/60; Pub. Int. Apr. 2–9/60. Monck dined at Vintners Hall on 12 Apr. and at Fishmongers Hall on 13 Apr.

^{page 70 note 4} On 5 Apr. 1660. See Pepys Diary, i, p. 72.

^{page 70 note 5} Dated 21 Apr. 1660. M. Pub. Apr. 19–26/60 reports several declarations from Somerset, Kent, Essex, Dorset and the City of London.

^{page 71 note 1} At Fishmongers Hall, according to Whitelocke, iv, p. 406.

^{page 71 note 2} A Dialogue betwixt Tom and Dick, a ballad in praise of Monck, dated 28 Mar. 1660, in Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 298.

^{page 71 note 3} Colchester.

^{page 71 note 4} Ibid., ii, p. 305 (30 Apr. 1660).

^{page 72 note 1} Reported in Mercurius Aulicus, for the weeks Apr. 12–26/60. See Dawson, p. 390.

^{page 72 note 2} Annesley.

^{page 72 note 3} For this and following items, see M. Pub. Apr. 12–19/60; in some cases also Parl. Int. Apr. 16–23/60.

^{page 72 note 4} Hugh Courtney, according to Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 573.

^{page 72 note 5} Whalley.

^{page 72 note 6} Steele, ii, no. 611 (Ireland, 13 Apr. 1660).

^{page 73 note 1} Lambeth.

^{page 73 note 2} Rust, in M. Pub.

^{page 73 note 3} Hacket; ibid.

^{page 73 note 4} Bretton; ibid.

^{page 73 note 6} Rugg omits four signatories: J. King, Henry Jones, John Bridges and Thomas Coote.

^{page 74 note 1} For this and the following items on Lambert, cf. M. Pub. Apr. 19–26/60; Parl. Int. Apr. 16–23/60. See also Steele, i, no. 3182 (21 Apr. 1660).

^{page 74 note 2} Read phanatiks (?).

^{page 75 note 1} This sermon was published, as The Author and Subject of Healing in the Church.

^{page 75 note 2} Fauconberg. For this and following items, see M. Pub. Apr. 19–26 and Apr. 26–May 3/60; Parl. Int. Apr. 23–30/60.

^{page 76 note 1} Warrants to this effect were issued on 21 Apr. 1660; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 574.

^{page 76 note 2} The proclamation was issued on 21 Apr. 1660, on the pretext that ‘ Col. Lambert and other officers are trying to raise a new war ’. See Steele, i, no. 3183, which adds the names of Major Gladman and Robert Lilburne, but does not include Cobbett.

^{page 76 note 3} On 30 Apr. 1660. See Commons Journal, viii, p. 1; Lords Journal, xi, p. 6.

^{page 76 note 4} M. Pub. May 3–10/60; Parl. Int. Apr. 30–May 7/60; and see Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 306 (1 May 1660).

^{page 77 note 1} For this and following items, see M. Pub. Apr. 26–May 3/60; Parl. Int. Apr. 30–May 7/60.

^{page 77 note 2} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 307 (2 May 1660).

^{page 77 note 3} The Prayer of Colonel John Lambert in Captivity (10 May 1660). The reference to the ‘ infanta ’ is an allusion to proposals of the royalists, in Oct. 1659, that Lambert's daughter, Mary, should wed Charles II. See Dawson, chap. XXIII.

^{page 78 note 1} For this and following items, see M. Pub. May 3–10/60; Parl. Int. Apr. 30–May 7 and May 7–14/60. The newsbooks give Lord Castleton, not Lord Percy, and Mr. Bowles as physician, conforming with Commons Journal, viii, p. 15.

^{page 78 note 2} This should read 1651.

^{page 78 note 3} Cuttance.

^{page 78 note 4} Hayward.

^{page 78 note 5} Mootham, in newsbook.

^{page 78 note 6} Penrose.

^{page 78 note 7} Parks, in newsbook.

^{page 79 note 1} William Kiffin, a merchant and Baptist minister, held a commission in the London militia. See Brown, Baptists and Fifth Monarchy Men, p. 185.

^{page 79 note 2} M. Pub. May 3–10/60 dates the arrest 2 May. See above, p. 66.

^{page 79 note 3} Thomason's date is 23 Apr. 1660.

^{page 79 note 4} Note the proclamation of 9 May; Steele, i, no. 3196.

^{page 79 note 5} Blasts to awaken soldiers in the morning.

^{page 79 note 6} William Ryley, the elder (d. 1667), Clarenceux King-of-Arms.

^{page 80 note 1} Apparently based on M. Pub. May 3–10/60; Parl. Int. May 7–14/60; and Rugg's observations.

^{page 80 note 2} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 308 (8 May 1660). I omit this as it is printed in Old Parliamentary History, xxii, pp. 275–76.

^{page 81 note 1} They went to present ‘ an address in the Name of the Ministers of London ’. Commons Journal, viii, p. 20, mentions six ministers in all.

^{page 81 note 2} See Steele, ii, no. 613 (Ireland, 1 May 1660).

^{page 82 note 1} Household.

^{page 82 note 2} See ibid., i, no. 3202 (12 May 1660).

^{page 82 note 3} On 14 May 1660, the Lords ordered that Hertford, Southampton, Lindsey, Peterborough, Portland, Paget and Lovelace ‘give their Attendance on this House as Peers’; Lords Journal, xi, p. 27Google Scholar.

^{page 82 note 4} And at the Mews, according to Commons Journal, viii, p. 22. See M. Pub. May 10–17/60. Monck and his family, residing at Whitehall, were excepted; Whitelocke, iv, p. 413.

^{page 84 note 1} Ammunition.

^{page 84 note 2} See Parl. Int. May 7–14/60. Rugg's spelling of names differs considerably from that in the newsbook.

^{page 84 note 3} Col. George Twistleton.

^{page 84 note 4} For this and following items, see M. Pub. May 10–17/60; Parl. Int. May 7–14/60. The commissioners arrived in Edinburgh early in May.

^{page 84 note 5} E.g. Shuffling, Cutting and Dealing in a Game at Piquet, by Henry Neville; A Third Conference between O. Cromwell and Hugh Peters in St. James's Park; and The World in a Maze, or Oliver's Ghost—all published in London in May 1660.

^{page 85 note 1} Monck had made the Earl Governor of Dover. Mildmay, Master of the King's Jewel House, attempted to escape when called upon to account for the royal jewels.

^{page 85 note 2} M. Pub. May 17–24/60.

^{page 85 note 3} Thomas Clarges, Muster-Master General, was knighted on 8 May 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 225.

^{page 85 note 4} Rugg here differs somewhat from Commons Journal, viii, p. 27.

^{page 85 note 5} Steele, i, no. 3210 (24 May 1660).

^{page 85 note 6} On this and following entries, see M. Pub. May 24–31/60.

^{page 86 note 1} Dispossessed.

^{page 86 note 2} Sacred.

^{page 86 note 3} Steele, i, no. 3220 (1 June 1660).

^{page 86 note 4} Ibid., i, no. 3208 (18 May 1660); Lords Journal, xi, pp. 32, 33.

^{page 86 note 5} The commissioners, fifteen in number, were knighted on 16 May 1660; Shaw, ii, pp. 225–26.

^{page 86 note 6} The Dukes of York and Gloucester.

^{page 87 note 1} Nevis.

^{page 87 note 2} Elizabeth, widow of Frederick, Elector Palatine, and daughter of James I.

^{page 87 note 3} Rugg does not repeat the figure, £60,000, given in M. Pub. Whitelocke sets the value at £6000; iv, p. 414.

^{page 87 note 4} Illegible. Scheveningen.

^{page 88 note 1} Duk Albermarle was added, between the lines, at a later date. Monck was not made a duke until July 1660.

^{page 88 note 2} The old St. Augustine's Abbey, portions of which had been taken over as a palace by Henry VIII. See Stirling, G. R. Taylor, The Story of Canterbury (London, 1912), pp. 330, 331.Google Scholar

^{page 88 note 3} Brother-in-law, perhaps.

^{page 89 note 1} In this and the following paragraphs, Rugg combines his own observations with accounts in M. Pub. May 24–31/60 and Parl. Int. May 28–June 4/60. Cf. A True Relation of the Reception of His Majesty, and Conducting Him through the City of London, by the Right Honourable Thomas Allen, Lord Mayor, and the Aldermen His Brethren (London, 1660)Google Scholar, not as full as Rugg; and A Short History of His Royal Majesty King Charles the Second, Ending with His Royal Entry into the City of London (London, 1660)Google Scholar.

^{page 89 note 2} Horatio.

^{page 89 note 3} Properly, William Wale.

^{page 90 note 1} Four trumpets, according to the newsbooks. Class may mean ‘ glass ’, a resounding noise.

^{page 90 note 2} M. Pub. has Pragues.

^{page 90 note 3} Thomas Warmestry, Master of the Savoy.

^{page 90 note 4} Zoar.

^{page 91 note 1} Sir John Alder, of St. Martin's in the Fields, was knighted on 4 July 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 229.

^{page 91 note 2} Bampfield, dismissed as untrustworthy by Charles II, had served Cromwell as agent in Paris.

^{page 91 note 3} Harley.

^{page 91 note 4} Steele, i, no. 3211 (30 May 1660).

^{page 91 note 5} See ibid., i, nos. 3222, issued on 5 June and designating 28 June as ‘ a Day of Thanksgiving for the Restoration’, and 3224 (6 June 1660).

^{page 91 note 6} Thomason, ii, p. 314 (29 May 1660). I omit these speeches, as they are printed in Old Parliamentary History, xxii, pp. 315–19, and in Cobbett, iv, pp. 54–57.

^{page 92 note 1} See M. Pub. May 31–June 7/60; Parl. Int. June 4–11/60, which adds Col. Charles Howard.

^{page 92 note 2} Seymour.

^{page 92 note 3} Arthur Annesley.

^{page 92 note 4} M. Pub. June 14–21/60; Parl. Int. June 11–18/60.

^{page 92 note 5} But he was incapacitated by act of Parliament, and discharged from office on 3 Sept. 1660; Le Strange, Hamon, Norfolk Official Lists (Norwich, 1890), p. 162 and n.Google Scholar

^{page 93 note 1} Particular.

^{page 93 note 2} Steele, i, no. 3229 (15 June 1660).

^{page 93 note 3} Robert Phayre.

^{page 93 note 4} William Hewlett.

^{page 93 note 5} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 318 (18 June 1660).

^{page 93 note 6} M. Pub. June 28–July 5/60; Parl. Int. July 2–9/60; and see Pepys Diary, i, pp. 123–24 (23 June 1660).

^{page 93 note 7} See Steele, i, no. 3231 (18 June 1660), and below, p. 94.

^{page 94 note 1} Rugg is again wrong on this date, which was 28 June. See above, p. 91 and n. 5.

^{page 94 note 2} See M. Pub. June 21–28/60 for this and following entries.

^{page 94 note 3} According to Commons Journal, viii, p. 73, Oldcourt was purchased by Robert Tichborne; Edwards purchased Westham.

^{page 94 note 4} Not mentioned in ibid.

^{page 94 note 5} Terrington.

^{page 95 note 1} Phineas Payne.

^{page 95 note 2} The word here has the meaning of close attention.

^{page 96 note 1} See Parl. Int. June 18–25/60; M. Pub. June 21–28/60. Pulteney was knighted on 4 June, Covert on 19 June 1660; Shaw, ii, pp. 227, 228.

^{page 97 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3232 (21 June 1660).

^{page 97 note 2} Christiana, widow of the second Earl of Devonshire, a staunch royalist and known for herhospitality.

^{page 97 note 3} This did not occur until 7 July 1660.

^{page 97 note 4} Charles X, who died on 13 Feb. 1660. See above, p. 52.

^{page 97 note 5} Charles XI, born in 1655.

^{page 97 note 6} Rugg means Lord Berkeley of Berkeley; see M. Pub. June 28–July 5/60.

^{page 97 note 7} St. John's, Clerkenwell.

^{page 98 note 1} John, Baron Bellasyse (1614–89).

^{page 98 note 2} E.g. Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 319.

^{page 98 note 3} Chandos.

^{page 98 note 4} Pageants.

^{page 98 note 5} See above, p. 90, n. 1.

^{page 99 note 1} Canopy, in. newsbook.

^{page 99 note 2} Banquet, an entertainment following a feast.

^{page 99 note 3} Sir Thomas Player, Chamberlain of London.

^{page 99 note 4} London's Glory Represented by Time, Truth and Fame (5 July 1660); Parl. Int. July 2–9/60.

^{page 99 note 5} Antoine de Bordeaux-Neufville.

^{page 99 note 6} M. Pub. June 28–July 5/60.

^{page 99 note 7} Dumfries.

^{page 99 note 8} Brian Duppa.

^{page 100 note 1} Blagg.

^{page 100 note 2} Mote's Bulwark, near Dover.

^{page 100 note 3} On these appointments, see M. Pub. July 5–12/60; Parl. Int. July 9–16/60.

^{page 100 note 4} Twisden was knighted on 2 July 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 229.

^{page 100 note 5} Anne, second wife of Philip Herbert, fourth Earl of Pembroke. ^{page 100 note 6} Rugg repeats himself. See above, p. 91 and n. 1.

^{page 100 note 7} Parl. Int. July 9–16/60 (where there is no mention of Northampton and Buckingham); M. Pub. July 12–19/60.

^{page 101 note 1} Parliament had so ordered, 10 May 1660; Commons Journal, viii, p. 21.

^{page 101 note 2} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 324 (20 July 1660).

^{page 101 note 3} His Majesty's Gracious Speech to the House of Peers, concerning the Speedy Passing of the Bill of Indemnity and Oblivion (27 July 1660).

^{page 102 note 1} Queries?

^{page 102 note 2} The newsbook version reads: ‘ to advise with each Alderman and cause his Ward moot inquest’, etc.

^{page 103 note 1} Shetland.

^{page 103 note 2} Steele, i, no. 3235 (23 July 1660); also M. Pub. July 26–Aug. 2/60.

^{page 104 note 1} Parl. Int. July 30–Aug. 6/60.

^{page 104 note 2} Rugg is late with this item. Howard, brother of the next Earl of Carlisle, was knighted on 27 May 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 226.

^{page 104 note 3} Don Francisco de Melho, Conde de Ponte, entrusted with negotiating the Portuguese marriage.

^{page 104 note 4} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 325 (27 July 1660). For this and following items, see also M. Pub. July 26–Aug. 2/60. I omit the speech, as it may be found in Old Parliamentary History, xxii, pp. 397–400; Cobbett, iv, pp. 88–90.

^{page 104 note 5} Neots.

^{page 105 note 1} Tredenham, M.P. for St. Mawes, was knighted on 25 July 1660; the Swede was Conrad Gildenshorne, of Vlaborg, knighted on 30 July; Shaw, ii, p. 230.

^{page 105 note 2} An indication of Rugg's royalist sympathies. Ludlow, i, p. 197, tells us that ‘ Capt. Burleigh, who had beat a drum at Newport for the rescuing of the King, was brought to his trial; and the jury having found him guilty of high treason, he was executed according to the sentence ’.

^{page 105 note 3} Steele, i, no. 3245 (13 Aug. 1660).

^{page 105 note 4} The reference is to works of John Milton and John Goodwin; ibid., i, no. 3239 (13 Aug. 1660).

^{page 105 note 5} Ibid., i, no. 3242 (13 Aug. 1660).

^{page 105 note 6} Ibid., i, no. 3237 (before 7 Aug. 1660).

^{page 105 note 7} Ibid., i, no. 3248 (14 Aug. 1660). These proclamations are also in M. Pub. Aug. 9–16/60; Parl. Int. Aug. 13–20/60.

^{page 105 note 8} Stapeley, who had plotted to restore Charles, was knighted on 6 Aug. 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 231.

^{page 105 note 9} Page torn.

^{page 106 note 1} I.e. 12 Car. II, c. 8; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 331 (20 Aug. 1660).

^{page 106 note 2} Cf. M. Pub. Aug. 23–30/60. These men were ‘ excepted out of the General Act of Pardon and Oblivion’, 9 June 1660; Commons Journal, viii, p. 61.

^{page 106 note 3} Boynton.

^{page 106 note 4} It is remarkable that Rugg should repeat this item three times in two pages.

^{page 106 note 5} M. Pub. Aug. 23–30/60.

^{page 106 note 6} Berkeley's; see above, p. 97 and n. 6.

^{page 106 note 7} 12 Car. II, c. 11, which received the royal assent on 29 Aug. 1660. See Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 333 (30 Aug.). Rugg here seems to be unaware of Cavalier displeasure with this act, as noted in Burnet's, History of My Own Time, ed. Airy, Osmund (Oxford, 1897–1900), i, pp. 287, 289.Google Scholar

^{page 107 note 1} 12 Car. II, c. 9; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 333 (30 Aug. 1660).

^{page 107 note 2} Woolwich.

^{page 107 note 3} 12 Car. II, c. 13; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 333 (31 Aug. 1660).

^{page 107 note 4} 12 Car. II, c. 12; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 333 (31 Aug. 1660).

^{page 107 note 5} Not listed in Shaw.

^{page 107 note 6} Here and in following entries, Rugg draws on Parl. Int. Aug. 26–Sept. 3/60; also M. Pub. Aug. 30–Sept. 6/60.

^{page 107 note 7} John Lindsey, seventeenth Earl of Crawford.

^{page 107 note 8} Lord Justice-General.

^{page 107 note 9} See Burnet, i, pp. 204–05.

^{page 108 note 1} Maffin Parish.

^{page 108 note 2} He was knighted on 14 Aug. 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 231.

^{page 108 note 3} Inverness.

^{page 108 note 4} Dunstaffnage and Doune.

^{page 108 note 5} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 332 (29 Aug. 1660). I omit the speech, as it appears in Old Parliamentary History, xxii, pp. 460–62; Cobbett, iv, pp. 114–15; Lords Journal, xi, pp. 147–48.

^{page 108 note 6} Discounted?

^{page 109 note 1} Rugg interrupts the King's speech to insert this apology.

^{page 109 note 2} See above, p. 106.

^{page 109 note 3} Ludlow had not been in the Tower. He had surrendered on 20 June to the Speaker, who had allowed him his liberty, accepting sureties for his appearance.

^{page 109 note 4} Steele, i, no. 3251 (1 Sept. 1660).

^{page 109 note 5} Ibid., i, no. 3254 (10 Sept. 1660). For this and following entries, see Parl. Int. Sept. 3–10/60; M. Pub. Sept. 6–13/60.

^{page 109 note 6} The King ‘ did fully acquit him from the accusation and imputation he had suffered under ’, according to M. Pub. Aug. 30–Sept. 6/60.

^{page 110 note 1} Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo was in England from 1642 to 1646. See Prestage, Edgar, The Diplomatic Relations of Portugal with France, England and Holland (Watford, 1925), p. 104Google Scholar.

^{page 110 note 2} Charles Stuart, sixth Duke of Lennox, third Duke of Richmond. After years in France, he returned to England with Charles II.

^{page 110 note 3} Napier.

^{page 110 note 4} Freake.

^{page 110 note 5} The army bill is 12 Car. II, c. 15. The Speaker's address was printed; Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 336 (13 Sept. 1660).

^{page 111 note 1} For this and following entries, see Parl. Int. Sept. 10–17/60; M. Pub. Sept. 13–20/60. I omit the list of acts, as they may be found in Lords Journal, xi, pp. 171–72.

^{page 111 note 2} ‘ An Act for the Speedy Disbanding of the Army and Garrisons of This Kingdom ’; see above, p. 110 and n. 5.

^{page 111 note 3} Rugg has copied them out in full, from the newsbooks or the separate publication; see Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 337 (15 Sept. 1660). I omit them; see Statutes of the Realm, v, pp. 238–241.

^{page 111 note 4} James Wynstanley, Recorder from 1653 until 1662; Helen Stocks and W. H. Stevenson, Records of the Borough of Leicester …, 1603–88 (Cambridge, 1923), p. 597.

^{page 112 note 1} Eminent.

^{page 112 note 2} Melchizedek.

^{page 112 note 3} Fee-farm; see ibid., pp. 466, 467–68, 473.

^{page 112 note 4} Derided.

^{page 113 note 1} Ramparts.

^{page 113 note 2} Parl. Int. Sept. 10–17/60; M. Pub. Sept. 6–13/60.

^{page 113 note 3} He was restored to his great-grandfather's dukedom by Act of Parliament, 13 Sept. 1660. Cokayne, xii (pt. i), p. 72.

^{page 113 note 4} On these proclamations, see Steele, i, no. 3257 (22 Sept. 1660), and above, p. 109, n. 4.

^{page 113 note 5} Brian Duppa.

^{page 114 note 1} A Charge of High Treason, Prepared by the London Apprentices against Col. Hewson (24 Sept. 1660).

^{page 114 note 2} Ourania: the High and Mighty Lady the Princess Royal of Aurange Congratulated on Her Most Happy Arrival (25 Sept. 1660).

^{page 114 note 3} Steele, i, no. 3259 (26 Sept. 1660).

^{page 114 note 4} Whalley.

^{page 114 note 5} M. Pub. Sept. 20–27 and Sept. 27–Oct. 4/60; Parl. Int. Sept. 24–Oct. 1/60, where Capt. reads Chaplain, for this and following entries.

^{page 114 note 6} Customary?

^{page 115 note 1} Reynardson.

^{page 115 note 2} Throckmorton was knighted on 11 Sept. 1660; Shaw, ii, p. 231.

^{page 115 note 3} Coloony.

^{page 115 note 4} This is an example of rather stale news. An order for a warrant appointing Godolphin was issued on 30 June 1660; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1660–61, pp. 71, 140.

^{page 115 note 5} Accepted Frewen.

^{page 116 note 1} Sir Abraham Reynardson (1590–1661).

^{page 116 note 2} Exact.

^{page 116 note 3} E.g. M. Pub. Oct. 4–11/60; Parl. Int. Oct. 15–22/60; Thomason Catalogue, ii, pp. 342–43.

^{page 117 note 1} Rugg must refer to 11 Hen. VII, c. 1 (1495).

^{page 118 note 1} Holmby House.

^{page 119 note 1} This text is actually from Psalms 149: 8.

^{page 121 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3267 (18 Oct. 1660).

^{page 121 note 2} Somerset actually died on 24 Oct.

^{page 121 note 3} This refers to the Worcester House meetings. See His Majesty's Declaration to All His Loving Subjects of His Kingdom of England and Dominion of Wales concerning Ecclesiastical Affairs (25 Oct. 1660).

^{page 121 note 4} Counsellor, in newsbook.

^{page 122 note 1} Properly, ‘ been heretofore ’.

^{page 122 note 2} Properly, ‘ laudable ’.

^{page 122 note 3} For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Oct. 18–25 and Oct. 25–Nov. 1/60; Parl. Int. Oct. 22–29/60.

^{page 123 note 1} The lists of lord lieutenants and sergeants-at-law appeared in M. Pub. Oct. 25–Nov. 1/60.

^{page 123 note 2} Suffolk.

^{page 123 note 3} Henry Somerset, Lord Herbert of Raglan.

^{page 123 note 4} Nottingham.

^{page 124 note 1} Lambeth.

^{page 124 note 2} Prince Edward of the Palatinate, grandson of James I.

^{page 124 note 3} See above, p. 121 and n. 3.

^{page 124 note 4} Reichsapfel, orb.

^{page 125 note 1} For this and following entries, see Parl. Int. Nov. 5–12/60; also M. Pub. Nov. 1–8/60.

^{page 125 note 2} Mountrath.

^{page 125 note 3} M. Pub. Oct. 25–Nov. 1/60.

^{page 126 note 1} Embroidered.

^{page 126 note 2} Parl. Int. Nov. 12–19/60; cf. M. Pub. Nov. 1–8 and 8–15/60.

^{page 126 note 3} Shaw, ii, p. 232, has Kempston, not Knapston, and gives 5 or 6 Nov. 1660 as the date; see also Parl. Int. Nov. 5–12/60.

^{page 126 note 4} Steele, ii, no. 2191 (Scotland, 10 Oct. 1660). The proclamation was printed in M. Pub. Nov. 8–15/60; Parl. Int. Nov. 5–12/60.

^{page 126 note 5} Rugg here refers to the ‘ Proclamation concerning the Carriage of His Subjects during the Late Troubles’; see Steele, ii, 2191a (Scotland, 12 Oct. 1660); Parl. Int. Nov. 5–12/60. He misses the main point of the proclamation, however.

^{page 126 note 6} On 7 Nov. 1660; see Commons Journal, viii, p. 177.

^{page 126 note 7} Atkyns.

^{page 127 note 1} Rugg means Charles I.

^{page 127 note 2} For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Nov. 22–29/60; Parl. Int. Nov. 19–28/60.

^{page 127 note 3} Approbation.

^{page 128 note 1} On 20 Nov.; see Commons Journal, viii, p. 187.

^{page 128 note 2} On 20 Nov.; Shaw, ii, p. 232.

^{page 128 note 3} For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Nov. 22–29/60; Parl. Int. Nov. 26–Dec. 3/60. According to M. Pub., Tench had been ‘ apprehended and sent close Prisoner to the Gatehouse, Westminster ’ on 25 Nov. 1660.

^{page 128 note 4} Shaw lists no such person. M. Pub. states that Edward Wickfield, of Blackford, Somerset, was knighted ‘ as a special mark of favour to him for his long and faithful service to the Queen, and his constant Loyalty to His Majesty ’.

^{page 128 note 5} Archibald Johnston, Laird Warriston. See Steele, ii, no. 2194 (Scotland, 17 Oct. 1660); cf. no. 2180 (16 July 1660).

^{page 128 note 6} Guinea.

^{page 129 note 1} Gaspar Deffaria Severim, in Parl. Int.

^{page 129 note 2} Cf. Steele, i, no. 3263 (6 Oct. 1660).

^{page 129 note 3} Downing.

^{page 129 note 4} Tyle, in newsbook.

^{page 130 note 1} There is no such name in Parl. Int.; it has the word Merchants in the margin.

^{page 130 note 2} Parl. Int. Nov. 26–Dec. 3/60; M. Pub. Nov. 29–Dec. 6/60.

^{page 130 note 3} Winchelsea.

^{page 130 note 4} Sumptuously.

^{page 130 note 5} Oldenburg.

^{page 130 note 6} Lennox.

^{page 130 note 7} On 4 Dec.; see Commons Journal, viii, p. 197. For this and following entries, see Parl. Int. Dec. 3–10/60; M. Pub. Nov. 29–Dec. 6/60.

^{page 130 note 8} Laird.

^{page 130 note 9} They were sent to be tried.

^{page 130 note 10} Consecrated.

^{page 131 note 1} On 1 Dec. 1660, according to Shaw, ii, p. 232. For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Dec. 6–13/60.

^{page 131 note 2} See Pepys Diary, i, pp. 204–05, 208 (9 and 17 Dec. 1660).

^{page 131 note 3} Cuirassier.

^{page 132 note 1} Yeomen.

^{page 132 note 2} Thomas White.

^{page 132 note 3} Steele, i, no. 3270 (17 Dec. 1660).

^{page 133 note 1} D'Este.

^{page 133 note 2} Cerigo (Citera).

^{page 134 note 1} To.

^{page 134 note 2} Eight or nine.

^{page 134 note 3} They, in newsbook.

^{page 135 note 1} MS. successor.

^{page 135 note 2} That.

^{page 135 note 3} Sfacciato's, in newsbook: saucy or impudent ones.

^{page 135 note 4} Foot.

^{page 136 note 1} Possess.

^{page 136 note 2} Joined.

^{page 136 note 3} Enemy.

^{page 137 note 1} Same.

^{page 137 note 2} Graffs: trenches or ditches.

^{page 137 note 3} Engaged.

^{page 137 note 4} That space.

^{page 138 note 1} This is printed in Parl Int. Dec. 10–17/60.

^{page 138 note 2} Properly, ‘ by knights service ’ Commons Journal, viii, p. 209.

^{page 138 note 3} Stats. 12 Car. II, c. 23 and c. 24. For this and following items, see Parl. Int. Dec. 24–31/60; M. Pub. Dec. 27–Jan. 3/61.

^{page 138 note 4} See Kingdom's Intelligencer (hereafter K. Int.) Dec. 31/60–Jan. 7/61. I omit these acts for which, see Lords Journal, xi, pp. 235–36.

^{page 138 note 5} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 352 (29 Dec. 1660).

^{page 138 note 6} And Secretary at War in 1661.

^{page 139 note 1} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Dec. 31/60–Jan. 7/61; M. Pub. Jan. 3–10/61.

^{page 139 note 2} Black velvet, in newsbook.

^{page 139 note 3} Not above thirty-one, according to Pepys Diary, i, p. 218 (10 Jan. 1661).

^{page 140 note 1} Followed.

^{page 140 note 2} Ken or Caen.

^{page 140 note 3} Drawn?

^{page 140 note 4} Steele, i, no. 3278 (10 Jan. 1661).

^{page 140 note 5} Durham.

^{page 141 note 1} Seaforth.

^{page 141 note 2} Hartfell.

^{page 142 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3281 (17 Jan. 1661). The warrant might also be from the Lord Lieutenant.

^{page 142 note 2} Ibid., i, no. 3283 (25 Jan. 1661).

^{page 142 note 3} Probably Treasons by the Laws of England, a Brief Collection of What is Treason by Law (6 Feb. 1661).

^{page 142 note 4} See K. Int. Jan. 7–14/61; M. Pub. Jan. 10–17/61.

^{page 143 note 1} See below, p. 146.

^{page 143 note 2} Lords of the Articles.

^{page 143 note 3} For this and the following paragraph, see K. Int. Jan. 21–28/61.

^{page 143 note 4} For this and following lists, see K. Int. Jan. 14–21/61; M. Pub. Jan. 17–24 and 24–31/61.

^{page 143 note 5} Innes.

^{page 143 note 6} Luss.

^{page 143 note 7} Houston.

^{page 143 note 8} Birfaiborg.

^{page 143 note 9} Gordon.

^{page 143 note 10} Kilbirnie.

^{page 143 note 11} Byseck?

^{page 143 note 12} Rugg is confused here. These men served as commissioners for boroughs on the Committee for Trade and Bills.

^{page 143 note 13} St. Andrews.

^{page 143 note 14} Dumbarton.

^{page 143 note 15} Irvine.

^{page 144 note 1} Linlithgow.

^{page 144 note 2} Morton.

^{page 144 note 3} Fraser.

^{page 144 note 4} Wigtown.

^{page 144 note 5} Halkertoun.

^{page 144 note 6} McKenzie?

^{page 144 note 7} Preston.

^{page 144 note 8} Linlithgow.

^{page 144 note 9} The names in this and the preceding group should be listed under the Committee of Articles.

^{page 144 note 10} Oxman.

^{page 144 note 11} Chancellor.

^{page 145 note 1} See M. Pub. Jan. 17–24/61; K. Int. Jan. 21–28/61.

^{page 145 note 2} See ibid., Jan. 28–Feb. 4/61.

^{page 145 note 3} ‘ Innholders, Keepers of Ordinary Tables, Victuallers, Cooks, Ale-house-keepers and Taverners ’ were not to provide supper or allow any meat to be dressed, sold or eaten on their premises Friday nights.

^{page 146 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3287 (29 Jan. 1661).

^{page 146 note 2} The Parliament being sate, in newsbook.

^{page 146 note 3} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Jan. 21–28/61; M. Pub. Jan. 24–31/61.

^{page 146 note 4} Elizabeth Lady Capel, widow of Arthur Lord Capel, first Baron Capel of Hadham. She died on 26 Jan. 1661.

^{page 147 note 1} For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Jan. 31–Feb. 7/61; K. Int. Feb. 4–11/61.

^{page 147 note 2} Connor.

^{page 147 note 3} Cloyne.

^{page 147 note 4} Steele, ii, no. 628 (Ireland, 22 Jan. 1661).

^{page 147 note 5} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Jan. 28–Feb. 4/61; M. Pub. Jan. 31–Feb. 7/61. Cf. Pepys Diary, i, p. 218 (11 Jan. 1661).

^{page 147 note 6} Kirkaldy.

^{page 147 note 7} Earl of Dundee, Viscount of Dudhope, Lord Scrimgeour and Innerkeithing (d. 1668).

^{page 148 note 1} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Feb. 4–11/61; M. Pub. Feb. 7–14/61.

^{page 148 note 2} Sovereign.

^{page 148 note 3} The text at this point should read: ‘ and their several halfs, quarters and half quarters, the Portugal Royal, and the half and quarters thereof, the Duccatoon, the half Duccatoon, and the quarter Duccatoon, and the Cardecue ’, etc.

^{page 148 note 4} Cardecu, i.e. quart d'écu, an old French silver coin.

^{page 148 note 5} The following entry, which comes next in the manuscript, seems to be a conflation of the preceding paragraph and of the succeeding one: ‘ The piece commonly called the Spanish single pistole, or French single pistole, of gold, weighing’ eight [corrected to four] peny weight and sixteen [corrected to eight] grains to pass at two and thirty shillings.’

^{page 149 note 1} Steele, ii, no. 629 (Ireland, 29 Jan. 1661).

^{page 150 note 1} Chimeres.

^{page 150 note 2} Formalities.

^{page 151 note 1} As.

^{page 152 note 1} This should read: ‘ that the new consecrated Arch Bishops and Bishops be disposed with the other Bishops Consecrators ’.

^{page 152 note 2} K. Int. Feb. 11–18/61; M. Pub. Feb. 14–21/61.

^{page 152 note 3} See K. Int. Feb. 18–25/61. Monck's regiment of foot became the Coldstream Guards.

^{page 152 note 4} See K. Int. Feb. 25–Mar. 4/61.

^{page 152 note 5} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Feb. 18–25/61; M. Pub. Feb. 21–28/61.

^{page 152 note 6} Pageants.

^{page 153 note 1} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 356 (23 Jan. 1661).

^{page 153 note 2} For this and the next item, see K. Int. Feb. 25–Mar. 4/61. Capel was actually created Earl of Essex in Apr. 1661.

^{page 153 note 3} Properly, ‘ can it ’.

^{page 154 note 1} Sedgwick was Rector of St. Paul's from 1646 to 1656.

^{page 155 note 1} Lords Justices.

^{page 155 note 2} For this and the following paragraph, see K. Int. Feb. 25–Mar. 4/61.

^{page 155 note 3} Hubert Adrian-Vervear, knighted on 21 Feb. 1661; Shaw, ii, p. 233.

^{page 155 note 4} See Steele, ii, no. 633 (Ireland, 23 Feb. 1661).

^{page 155 note 5} Proverbs 14: 35.

^{page 155 note 6} Ezekiel 7: 23. For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Feb. 28–Mar. 7/61.

^{page 156 note 1} Skewer.

^{page 156 note 2} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Mar. 4–11/61.

^{page 156 note 3} Barrister.

^{page 156 note 4} Now.

^{page 157 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3289 (8 Mar. 1661).

^{page 158 note 1} Companions.

^{page 158 note 2} For this and the following entries, see M. Pub. Mar. 7–14/61.

^{page 158 note 3} Marquis Giorgio Vincenzio Salviati.

^{page 158 note 4} For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Mar. 14–21/61; K. Int. Mar. 18–25/61.

^{page 158 note 5} Randolph.

^{page 158 note 6} Not Sir in M. Pub.

^{page 159 note 1} Properly, ‘ was ’.

^{page 159 note 2} Crofton, called a furious Presbyter in M. Pub. See also Cal. S.P. Dom., 1660–61, p. 546.

^{page 159 note 3} Baber, physician to the King, was knighted on 19 Mar. 1661; Shaw, ii, p. 233.

^{page 160 note 1} For this and following entries, see K. Int. Mar. 25–Apr. 1/61.

^{page 161 note 1} Rugg has scratched out some figures in the tabulation and written others between the lines.

^{page 161 note 2} Chestnut.

^{page 162 note 1} Guernsey.

^{page 162 note 2} Following this list, two pages of the manuscript are blank.

^{page 162 note 3} Treasurers.

^{page 163 note 1} Steele, i, no. 3292 (20 Mar. 1661).

^{page 163 note 2} Knighted on 1 Apr. 1661; Shaw, ii, p. 233.

^{page 163 note 3} Knighted on 9 Apr. 1661; loc. cit.

^{page 163 note 4} For this and following entries, see M. Pub. Apr. 4–11/61; K. Int. Apr. 8–15/61.

^{page 163 note 5} Königsmark.

^{page 164 note 1} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 365 (3 Apr. 1661).

^{page 164 note 2} Pencel: a small pennon or streamer.

^{page 164 note 3} K. Int. adds Keith.

^{page 164 note 4} K. Int. Apr. 1–8/61.

^{page 165 note 1} I omit this speech, and the submission which follows, as they may be found in Cobbett's, Complete Collection of State Trials (London, 1809–28), v, columns 1431–35Google Scholar. See also The Speech and Plea of Archibald Marquess of Argyle to the Parliament of Scotland (London, 1661)Google Scholar.

^{page 165 note 2} Blank in manuscript. Edward.

^{page 165 note 3} Blank in manuscript. John.

^{page 166 note 1} Terringham.

^{page 166 note 2} Rolles.

^{page 167 note 1} For this list, see M. Pub. Apr. 18–25/61; K. Int. Apr. 22–29/61.

^{page 167 note 2} Nevertheless, Rugg borrows from the newsbooks, as cited above; see also Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 363 (19 Mar. 1661).

^{page 167 note 3} Linen coif.

^{page 168 note 1} Extortion.

^{page 168 note 2} Strings.

^{page 169 note 1} Hollis of Ifield.

^{page 169 note 2} K. Int. Apr. 22–29/61.

^{page 170 note 1} Thomason Catalogue, ii, p. 367 (22 Apr. 1661).

^{page 171 note 1} Sic in MS. for peccatum.

^{page 172 note 1} Loc. cit.

^{page 172 note 2} Suffolk.

^{page 172 note 3} Margrave.

^{page 172 note 4} Rupert.

^{page 172 note 5} Edward, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria.

^{page 172 note 6} Henry Charles de la Tremouille, Prince of Tarent.

^{page 172 note 7} John Gaspar Ferdinand de Marchin, Comte de Graville.

^{page 172 note 8} Stuart.

^{page 172 note 9} For this list, see Thomason Catalogue, ii, pp. 366, 367 (17, 19 Apr. 1661).

^{page 173 note 1} From this point, Rugg draws again on K. Int. Apr. 22–29/61, and on personal observation. Cf. Ogilby, John, The Relation of His Majesty's Entertainment Passing through the City of London to His Coronation (London, 1661)Google Scholar.

^{page 173 note 2} MS. Cherks, a mistake which is repeated elsewhere.

^{page 175 note 1} Conduits.

^{page 176 note 1} Foot-cloths.

^{page 176 note 2} Tusser: a coarse brown silk.

^{page 176 note 3} Probably Philip, fourth Baron Wharton.

^{page 176 note 4} Gilbert Sheldon acted for the aged and infirm Juxon.

^{page 177 note 1} Supertunica.

^{page 177 note 2} Followed.

^{page 178 note 1} Not in K. Int. Cf. The Form of His Majesty's Coronation Feast, To Be Solemnized at Westminster Hall (London, 1661)Google Scholar.

^{page 178 note 2} Sir Edward Dymock.

^{page 179 note 1} MS. benging'. Beginning?

^{page 179 note 2} See M. Pub. May 2–9/61; K. Int. Apr. 29–May 6/61.

^{page 179 note 3} Terrace.

^{page 180 note 1} According to K. Int., the Archbishop, Lord Roos and ‘ many other persons of Quality ’ came to Melton Mowbray.

^{page 180 note 2} Westphalia.

^{page 180 note 3} See K. Int. May 6–13/61.