^{page 6 note 1} dignum…memoriam : perhaps based on the prologue to the Libellus, infra, App. A.

^{page 6 note 2} non…probantur: from Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 162.

^{page 6 note 3} compulsi; from ibid.

^{page 6 note 4} in unum: from ibid.

^{page 6 note 5} luce…posteris: from ibid.

^{page 6 note 6} quicumque … confido: derived from ibid., pp. 162–63.

^{page 6 note 7} Maiores … nostri: from ibid.

^{page 6 note 8} Not identified.

^{page 7 note 1} Cf. the opening sentence to the prologue of the lives of the bishops of Ely, as printed in Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i, 615, ‘ Sancti Spiritus, qui unicuique, prout vult et quantum vult, inspirat et infundit, assit mihi gratia ’ and Ioh., iii, 8.

^{page 7 note 2} Cf. Hier. in Ezech., 6, ‘ nequaquam in me Scyllaei saevirent canes qui latrare non cessant’.

^{page 10 note 2} Reduualdus…appellant: derived from Bede, ii, 15, pp. 115–16. Cf. Florence, i, 16.

^{page 10 note 3} Ærthuualdus…perduxit: derived less faithfully from Bede, ibid. and iii, 18, p. 162.

^{page 11 note 1} in … Dunuuoc: from Florence, i, 17–18. Cf. Bede, iii, 18, p. 162.

^{page 11 note 2} sua … liberavit: abridged from Bede, ii, 15, p. 117.

^{page 11 note 3} Interea … servivit: conflated from Florence, i, 18 and Bede, iii, 18, p. 162, but neither source gives the name of Sigisbert's monastery which must be derived from local tradition.

^{page 11 note 4} Quod … dispersus: from Bede, iii, 18, pp. 162–63.

^{page 11 note 5} The date is not in Bede. It may be derived from Florence, i, 17, or calculated from the year of Anna's death, given as the nineteenth year of his reign. In both cases, i.e. if the year of Anna's death is taken as 654 (A.S.C., B and C, and Florence), his accession would fall in 636. B (Chronicle) gives no date, but its dates, where appended to excerpts from Florence, do not always follow him accurately; e.g. the dates given for the accession and death of Æthelbert of Kent are given as 552 and 617 where Florence has 551 and 616. Perhaps the same error occurred in the copying of Florence's annal for 636 in a source used by the L.E. and from which B had its dates for Æthelbert.

^{page 11 note 6} Successor … genitor: derived from Bede, iii, 18, p. 163.

^{page 11 note 7} monasterium…adornavit: from Bede, iii, 18, pp. 162–64.

^{page 12 note 1} The Libellus breviter comprehensus in quo continetur Genealogia et Vita B. Etheldrede et sororum suarum …. etc., which takes the place of L.E. Book I in the Chronicon Abbatum (as printed in Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i, 595–604) begins at this point.

^{page 12 note 2} The memory of King Anna's daughters may have been preserved continuously at Ely and not have been in need of corroboration from other sources when the monastery was refounded and when the L.E. was compiled. But they are mentioned in the East Anglian regnal list in Florence, i, 261, which the compiler knew. If the local tradition had been destroyed with the monastery in 870, it could easily have been revived. Cf. Die Heiligen Englands (ed. F. Liebermann, 1899), p. 6, ‘ Fuerant autem sancta Sexburga et sancta Æõeldryõa et sancta Wihtburga filie Anne regis Anglorum ’, and a similar notice in the Liber Vitae: Register and Martyrology of New Minster and Hyde Abbey, Winchester (ed. de G. Birch, W., Hants. Record Society, 1892), p. 85Google Scholar. Æthelberga is called filia naturalis of Anna in Bede, iii, 8, p. 142.

^{page 12 note 3} Cf. Matth., xxv, 4.

^{page 12 note 4} The first reference is to Bede, iv, 21, p. 253, which mentions Heresuid mater Alduulfi Regis Orientalium Anglorum, but does not call Aldwulf a son of Anna. The second reference may well be to the East Anglian regnal list in Florence. The text of this list admittedly calls Aldwulf the son of Hereswith and Æthelhere, Anna's brother and successor, but the compiler of the L.E. may have used, and misread, the drawing of the pedigree, as it appears for instance in Bodl. 297, p. 42. From this he could have drawn the false inference that Anna's daughters and Hereswith's sons were all born of the same union of Anna and Hereswith. By what authority the Life of Milburga, cited below, made Etheldreda a daughter of Hereswith it is impossible to say, as the Life has not survived, but there is no other evidence to support it. Sir Frank Stenton rejects the testimony of Florence on Hereswith in favour of the genealogy of East Anglian kings in Brit. Mus., MS. Cotton, Vespasian B.vi (printed by H. Sweet in The Oldest English Texts, 1885, pp. 167–71), which lists her as wife of Æthelric, son of Eni, and Aldwulf as their son, and the pedigree reconstructed by him (The Anglo-Saxons, Studies…presented to Bruce Dichins, 1959, pp. 43–52) leaves only Sexburh, Æthelberg and Etheldreda as the progeny of Anna, to whom Wihtburh is added on the evidence of the Liber Vitae of Hyde. Cf. also Plummer, Bede, vol. ii, 106, 244.

^{page 12 note 5} Will. Malmesbury, Gesta Pontificum, p. 156, ‘ Jacent in ecclesia (i.e. Bury St Edmunds) duo sancti, Germinus et Botulfus, quorum gesta nee ibi nee alibi habere memini, nisi quod primus frater sanctae Etheldredae … fuisse asseritur ‘. His translation, with that of St Botulf, is mentioned, s.a. 1095, in Bodl., 297, p. 397 (printed in Memorials of St Edmund's Abbey, ed. T. Arnold (R.S., 1890), i, 352).

^{page 13 note 1} Probably derived from Bede, iv, 21 (23), which calls Hild abbess of Whitby, ‘ filia nepotism Eduini regis, vocabulo Hererici’ (p. 252) and the sister of Hereswith (p. 253).

^{page 13 note 2} The reference is not to the extant Life of St Milburga, as printed in Bollandist A eta Sanctorum for 23 February. Sexburga…coniugium is based on Bede, ii, 8, p. 142.

^{page 13 note 3} iv, 21 (23), p. 253.

^{page 13 note 4} From Florence, i, 27, who wrongly makes Hereric the grandson, instead of nephew, of Edwin. See Plummer, Bede, vol. ii, 244.

^{page 13 note 5} iii, 8, p. 142. Scethryth was made abbess of Faremoutiers-en-Brie.

^{page 13 note 6} Cf. Florence, s.a. 640, which would be the fifth year from Anna's accession in 636.

^{page 13 note 7} Bede, iii, 8, p. 142.

^{page 13 note 8} Supra, n. 5.

^{page 13 note 9} A similar passage occurs in the Life of Wihtburga in Trin. Coll. Camb., MS. O.2.1, fo. 239. For the relationship between this Life and the L.E. see supra, p. xxxvii.

^{page 13 note 10} Beata…Mtheldretha is the opening phrase of the Life of St Etheldreda in Trin. Coll. Dubl., MS. B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 13 note 11} Exning, Suffolk. This is the only evidence that Etheldreda was born there.

^{page 13 note 12} nobilissimis…filia: identical in B.2.7, less close to C.C.C. 393.

^{page 14 note 1} in…Etheldretha, bone…mitis: very close to B.2.7, and passages in common with Hand C.C.C. 393.

^{page 14 note 2} ab…rudimentis: also in Prologue to B (Book of Miracles).

^{page 14 note 3} Sap., iv, 9.

^{page 14 note 4} Cumque…existeret: very close to B.2.7.

^{page 14 note 5} iam, nubilis: also in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 14 note 6} postulatur…Girviorum: very close to B.2.7; princeps … Australium Gyrviorum, vocabulo Tondberct in Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 243.

^{page 14 note 7} Quod…copule: very close to B.2.7; occasional phrases shared with C.C.C. 393.

^{page 15 note 1} 652, which is the date given in the Genealogia (Wharton, Anglia Sacra, i, 597). These dates cannot be confirmed from an independent source. B (Chronicle) gives no date, but inserts the entry between annals dated 646 and 647.

^{page 15 note 2} This source has not been identified. Cf. supra, p. 3, n. 4.

^{page 15 note 3} This passage reveals something of the relationship between the L.E., B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393. The latter read: ‘ Quo facto, permanet virgo, supramemorato sponso (imminente mortis confinio, add. C.C.C. 393), post modicum temporis desponsationis eius defuncto. Ecce quod insolitum mundo novum miratur omnis homo, ut quevis desponsata maneat immaculata., (Ad hoc super excellit gratia Dei totius naturam mundi quodque dedit epiteton matri, quid mirum si concessit famule Dei, add. C.C.C. 393.) Sed nulli…potissimum’ ….

^{page 15 note 4} Sed…defuncto: cf. Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 243.

^{page 15 note 5} In B (Chronicle) the entry is placed between events of 652 and 654, i.e. before the death of Anna.

^{page 15 note 6} Cf. I Cor., vi, 16 ? This probably refers to the apostolic saying referred to in the prologue to B (Book of Miracles) concerning the passage Virginitas…est omnium regina virtutum.

^{page 15 note 7} Sed…historie: from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 243; also close to B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 16 note 1} The reference is not, as suggested by previous editors, to Cassian's Collationes, xiv, 7. The story occurs almost verbatim in De Vitis Patrum Liber Quintus sive Verba Seniorum, printed in Migne, Pat. hat., lxxiii, col. 1006.

^{page 16 note 2} Act., x, 34–35.

^{page 16 note 3} Rom., viii, 30.

^{page 17 note 1} dum…et, annis …finivit: from Bede, ii, 15, p. 117, which gives the length of the pontificate of Felix as X ac VII annos (also Bede, iii, 20, p. 169). The L.E.'s time reference may have been correctly calculated from Florence's annal for 647 (under which date the entry appears in B (Chronicle)), which is the twelfth year of Anna from 636. But the difference could more easily be accounted for by a scribal error.

^{page 17 note 2} Inde…est: from Will. Malmesbury, op. cit., p. 147.

^{page 17 note 3} No Old English Life of Bishop Felix has survived, nor any other source which mentions his foundations. Redham may be Reedham (Norfolk) and Seham seems to be identified here with Soham (Cambs.), but it could also be Saham Tony (Norfolk) where Felix is thought to have established a school (cf. A. Jessop, Norwich (Diocesan Histories, 1884), p. 11, n. 1).

^{page 17 note 4} Cf. Ramsey Chron., pp. 127–28.

^{page 17 note 5} Cf. Bede, ii, 15, p. 116; Will. Malmesbury, op. cit., p. 147.

^{page 17 note 6} Cf. Ps., lxvii, 6.

^{page 17 note 7} Chenuualla…felix: from Bede, iii, 7, p. 140. Cf. Florence, i, 19–20.

^{page 18 note 1} Baptizatus…Westsaxoniam: derived from Florence, i, 20.

^{page 18 note 2} aliis…eternam: cited almost verbatim in the Life of Wihtburga, Trin. Coll. Camb., MS. O.2.1, fo. 238V.

^{page 18 note 3} Penda…regnum: derived from Florence, s.a. 654.

^{page 18 note 4} This translation is mentioned in Bodl., MS. 297, i, p. 397; cf. supra, p. 12, n. 5

^{page 18 note 5} Gallias…monachicam: derived from Bede. iv, 21 (23), p. 253.

^{page 18 note 6} perfidus…tenebatur: from Florence, i. 22. Cf. Bede, iii, 24, pp. 178–80.

^{page 18 note 7} qui…Etheldretham: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 243. Cf. Florence, i, 24.

^{page 18 note 8} Filius…initoque: derived from Bede, iii, 24, p. 178; initoque…anno: from Florence, i, 23; but cf. Bede, p. 178; cum…rebellavere: from Bede, p. 179; rebellavere…serviere: from Florence, i, 24, but cf. Bede, p. 180.

^{page 19 note 1} See supra, p. 18, n. 8.

^{page 19 note 2} See ibid.

^{page 19 note 3} See ibid.

^{page 19 note 4} Qui…Werburgam: probably derived from Florence, i, 32.

^{page 19 note 5} iii, 24, p. 180.

^{page 19 note 6} Based on Florence, i, 23.

^{page 19 note 7} amicali…consilio: derived from Bede's phrase for the baptism of King Sigbert, iii, 22, p. 172.

^{page 19 note 8} baptizatus…eorundem: derived from Bede, iii, 22, p. 174.

^{page 19 note 9} The years of the reign are not given in Bede or Florence. If he succeeded his brother on his death in 655 and was himself immediately succeeded by Aldwulf his reign must have lasted 9 or 10 years to 663 or 664. See Plummer, Bede, vol. ii, 107.

^{page 19 note 10} Aldulfus…circumdaretur: abridged from the Life of St Guthlac by Felix (ed. B. Colgrave, 1956). ch. 48, p. 146. The abbess is here called Ecgburh and the name of her abbey is not mentioned. Nothing is known about her, unless ‘ she is the Ecburh mentioned in the Liber Vitae of Durham (fo. 14b) under the heading of “ reginarum et abbatissarum ” ’ (ibid., p. 191). There was a double monastery at Repton in Guthlac's time, but it was then presided over by Ælfthryth (ibid., ch. 20, p. 84) or, according to the Guthlac roll, Ebba (ibid., p. 179).

^{page 20 note 1} Calculated from the Florence annal for 660.

^{page 20 note 2} Unanimi…parentum: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393 (which omits unanimi).

^{page 20 note 3} Datur iterum in conjugium in C.C.C. 393, datur vero…etc. in B.2.7.

^{page 20 note 4} Probably from the Northumbrian regnal list in Florence, i, 254, 268.

^{page 20 note 5} Ælle…cantari: derived from Florence, i, 6. Cf. Bede, ii, 9, p. 80.

^{page 20 note 6} Oswius…Ebbe: cf. Bede, iii, 14, p. 154; 9, p. 144; iv, 17 (19), p. 243.

^{page 20 note 7} Probably the regnal list in Florence, i, 268–69.

^{page 21 note 1} The references must be to incidental notices in Bede, e.g. iii, n, p. 148; 21, pp. 169, 170; 24, p. 178.

^{page 21 note 2} This is not expressly stated in Bede, but inferred by Plummer (Bede, vol. ii, 120). Cf. Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, Oswius filium suum Alfridum regni socium sibi constituit (p. 169). The L.E. statement seems to imply that Oswiu made Alhfrith king of Deira and kept Ecgfrith at his own court—which would suit the year 660. The Latin hardly bears the construction, as Plummer thought, that Ecgfrith succeeded Alhfrith there, especially if—according to Plummer— this succession did not take place before 664.

^{page 21 note 3} Bede makes him forty years old when he was killed in 685 (iv, 24 (26), p. 267), which would make him fifteen in 660 (ibid., vol. ii, 235).

^{page 21 note 4} iv, 17 (19), p. 243.

^{page 21 note 5} si…contra: used in C.C.C. 393 with reference to her marriage to Tonbert.

^{page 21 note 6} Egfridus…sunt: derived from Eddius Stephanus, Vita Wilfridi, p. 40.

^{page 21 note 7} Nam…suffultam: derived from ibid: pp. 44–45.

^{page 22 note 1} Osuuinus…eius: derived from Bede, iv, 3, pp. 207–08.

^{page 22 note 2} adeo…cetus: derived from Bede, iv, 3, pp. 208–09. For a sketch of the cross of Owine preserved at Ely see Stubbs, C. W., Historical Memorials of Ely Cathedral (1897), p. 19Google Scholar. It bears the inscription: Lucem tuam Ovino da Deus et Requiem. Amen.

^{page 22 note 3} The reference is probably to iv, 17 (19), p. 244, ex tempore matutinae synaxeos, usque ad ortum diei, in ecclesia precibus intenta perstiterit.

^{page 22 note 4} in…carnali: derived from Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 185.

^{page 23 note 1} Wilfridum…preberet: derived from Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 185.

^{page 23 note 2} iv, 17 (19), p. 243.

^{page 23 note 3} Cuius…gloriosa: derived from ibid., p. 243; also used, but less faithfully, in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393

^{page 23 note 4} The passage here referred to is from the Hist. Eccl. but the compiler nowhere else refers to it as Liber Sermonum.

^{page 24 note 1} voti…supponeret: derived from Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 186.

^{page 24 note 2} Egitque…inherere: derived from ibid., p. 186.

^{page 25 note 1} Phil., i, 23.

^{page 25 note 2} Perpendit…solitarie: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 25 note 3} regent…permitteretur: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 243, as also, but less faithfully, in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 25 note 4} lfletibus…postulationibus: also in B.2.7.

^{page 25 note 5} a…rex: derived from Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 186.

^{page 26 note 1} licet invitus: from ibid., p. 186.

^{page 26 note 2} licentia…regina: partly shared with B.2.7, partly with C.C.C. 393.

^{page 26 note 3} intravit…germana: derived from Florence, i, 30, s.a. 672, found more briefly also in B (Chronicle); germana…Wilfrido: from Bede, iv, 17 (19), pp. 243–44.

^{page 26 note 4} mundi…abiecit: derived from Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 186.

^{page 26 note 5} Augmentabatur…congregationis: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 26 note 6} Cf. Dan., iii, 23 ff.

^{page 27 note 1} Eccli., iii, 20.

^{page 27 note 2} II Tim., iii, 12.

^{page 27 note 3} Not identified.

^{page 27 note 4} Luc, viii, 25.

^{page 28 note 1} Cf. Florence, i, 34.

^{page 28 note 2} Cf. Eadmer, Vita Wilfridi, p. 186.

^{page 28 note 3} iv, 17 (19), p. 245.

^{page 29 note 1} cum…diligere: derived from ibid., p. 243.

^{page 29 note 2} Sap., iii, 13.

^{page 29 note 3} Gen., xxxiv, 1–2.

^{page 29 note 4} Matth., vii, 25; cf. Luc., vi, 48.

^{page 29 note 5} Apoc, xxii, 14.

^{page 29 note 6} Cf. Apoc, xiv, 3.

^{page 29 note 7} Matth., x, 15.

^{page 30 note 1} Wintringham, Lines.

^{page 30 note 2} Perhaps to be identified with West Halton, which lies close to Wintringham and has a church dedicated to St Etheldreda. Cf. Arnold-Forster, F., Studies in Church Dedications (1899), ii, 367Google Scholar, 369 and Bentham, Ely, i, 53.

^{page 30 note 3} Not identified.

^{page 31 note 1} monasterium…multati: derived from Bede, iv, 23 (25), pp. 262–65.

^{page 32 note 1} Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244; Florence, s.a. 673, as also B (Chronicle).

^{page 32 note 2} Cf. De Situ, supra, p. 4.

^{page 32 note 3} Orientalium…accepit: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 246.

^{page 32 note 4} mutato…eius: also in C.C.C. 393. Cf. De Situ, supra, p. 2.

^{page 32 note 5} Ubi…duxit: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 246.

^{page 32 note 6} Cf. ibid., p. 244.

^{page 32 note 7} For St Werburga, see infra, ch. 17.

^{page 33 note 1} 1 Cor., vii, 31.

^{page 33 note 2} Cf. De Situ, supra, p. 4.

^{page 33 note 3} iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 33 note 4} Book II, ch. 93.

^{page 33 note 5} constructo…monitis: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244; also, but less faithfully, in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393. Cf. Florence, i, 31.

^{page 33 note 6} For the privilege allegedly brought back by Wilfrid from Rome see infra, ch. 19.

^{page 33 note 7} Quam…centeno: verbatim as in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393, which both add virginali after ut.

^{page 33 note 8} A.S.C. and Florence, s.a. 673.

^{page 34 note 1} Abridged from iv, 17 (19), p. 245.

^{page 34 note 2} This may be a local tradition or more probably—and without justification—inferred from Bede, ibid., pp. 243–44 where the phrase ‘ accepto velamine sanctimonialis habitus a praefato antistite Uilfrido ’ is immediately followed by a new sentence beginning: ‘ Post annum vero ipsa facta est abbatissa ’…which makes no mention of Wilfrid.

^{page 34 note 3} Debriabatur.…vigiliarum: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 34 note 4} ex quo…Christi: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244; partly also in B.2.7 and C.C.C 393.

^{page 34 note 5} Que…corpore: also in B.2.7; lota semper corde, inlota manebat corpore, C.C.C. 393.

^{page 34 note 6} raro…manducaverit: from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 34 note 7} fugiens…satietatetn: also in B.2.7; velut quandam pestem sine temperantia ventris, C.C.C. 393

^{page 35 note 1} si…perstiterit: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244, which is used also by B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 35 note 2} Quot…adiutor: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393 (which reads virginitatisque integritate).

^{page 35 note 3} Paraphrased from Florence, i, 32, s.a. 675.

^{page 35 note 4} qui…edificavit: derived verbatim from ibid.

^{page 35 note 5} This corresponds to an entry in Florence, i, 33, recording the appointment of Sexwulf, founder and abbot of Burgh, to be bishop of the Mercians.

^{page 35 note 6} Cuius…tenuit: derived from Florence, i, 32–33.

^{page 35 note 6} sue…nefarie: from ibid., i, 23.

^{page 35 note 8} Mereuualdus…puerum: derived from ibid., i, 33.

^{page 36 note 1} considerans…proficiunt: derived from an earlier recension of the Life of St Sexburga in Trin. Coll. Camb., MS. O.2.1, fos. 221V–23V.

^{page 36 note 2} She predicted the Danish invasions, ibid., fos. 226V–27.

^{page 36 note 3} Cf. Act., xxii, 3.

^{page 37 note 1} Per…intimaverit: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 37 note 2} The seven-year period is derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 37 note 3} The passage which follows, orta…episcopatus, may be cited from Bede, iv, 12, p. 229, but more probably from Florence, i, 34. If the length of Wilfrid's exile had been calculated from the date given in Bede, i.e. 678 (p. 228), it would have entered only into the second year by the time of Etheldreda's death, whereas according to Florence it would be calculated from 677. Cf. B (Chronicle) which places the entry under that year. For a discussion of the correct date see W. Levison, England and the Continent in the Eighth Century (1946), pp. 267–69.

^{page 37 note 4} Romam adiit: from Bede, iv, 13, p. 230.

^{page 37 note 5} ubi…fecit: derived from Florence, i, 35—36, who records it (as does B Chronicle) s.a. 679 after the obit of Pope Benedict—omitted from Thorpe's edition, but found in the MSS., as e.g. Bodl., MS. 297, p. 271 which was known to the compiler of the L.E. —and this may account for the error of attributing Wilfrid's visit to the time of a Pope Benedict instead of Agatho (678–81), as Bede (v, 19, p. 326) and Eddius Stephanus (Vita Wilfridi, pp. 65–67) clearly state. It was Agatho also who is said to have issued privileges on behalf of Ripon and Hexham (ibid., pp. 96, 97, 106, 107), not to mention the privilege claimed by Peterborough (A.S.C., E, s.a. 675). Wilfrid seems to have had decisions in his favour recorded by Benedict II (684—85) as well as Agatho and John, but there is no corroborating evidence that a privilege was ever issued on behalf of Ely.

^{page 38 note 1} Presumably Florence, s.a. 679.

^{page 38 note 2} ab … dolore: also in B.2.7, less close in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 38 note 3} quod…maxilla: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p 245Google Scholar.

^{page 38 note 4} cum…genere, ac…portare: derived from ibid., p. 246; partly also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393

^{page 38 note 5} etas iuvenalis with other echoes in this sentence occurs in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 38 note 6} Et…promineat: from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 246; partly also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 38 note 7} ingruente (membrorum add. C.C.C. 393) incommoditate accersitur Kynefridus, B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 39 note 1} tumorem … languore: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 245; partly also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393

^{page 39 note 2} quia tercia dies gravis est vulneribus, C.C.C. 393; not in B.2.7.

^{page 39 note 3} Dominus … celestibus: also in B.2.7, less close to C.C.C. 393.

^{page 39 note 4} tertio … doloribus: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 245.

^{page 39 note 5} rapta … mundo, dolorem … mutavit: derived from ibid., and partly in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393

^{page 40 note 1} Rapta…sepulta: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244, except the words virgo Æõelderõa, nono Kalendas Iulii which derive from Florence, i, 36. The passage is used also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 40 note 2} The dating clause is derived from Bede, De Temporibus, infra, p. 50.

^{page 40 note 3} Cf. Ps., Ambr., serm., xx, 6, caenosum mundi voraginem.

^{page 40 note 4} Quam felix es virgo et quam beata, que vivens… etc. as here occurs in B.2.7; ouam felix beata virgo, humiliaris in extremo vite pirgo, condita ligneo mausoleo quantoque multo condenda pretiosiore eo. Specialis gloria tibi futura, patebit virgineum decus et una, imputribilis net caro tua sepulta, vivens enim fuit incorrupta, incorruptibilis mansura. Iam in te decus…resurgentis in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 40 note 5} Nam…perduravit: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 243.

^{page 40 note 6} B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393 have no formal ending here, but continue with the succession of Sexburga and her translation of St Etheldreda.

^{page 41 note 1} Identified with the present Honey Hill in Chatteris by Cambs. Place-names, p. 249, which suggests that Huneia stands for Hunaneg and that the story about Huna's part in the burial of St Etheldreda was invented to explain the name of the place. But note that the relics of a Huna were said to lie at Thorney (Die Heiligen Englands, pp. 15, 16).

^{page 41 note 2} Bede, iv, 19 (21), p. 249, gives no A.D., but calls it the ninth year of Ecgfrith's reign. Florence enters the battle of Trent, to which this chapter refers, under 679 together with the obit of Etheldreda.

^{page 41 note 3} saluti…sempiternam: derived from Bede, iv, 20 (22), pp. 249–52.

^{page 41 note 4} Inter … sororem: cf. Florence, i, 35.

^{page 42 note 1} Book III, ch. 94.

^{page 42 note 2} Cuius…Tricingeham: derived from Florence, i, 32, continuing the entry cited supra, ch. 17. Heamburc is Hanbury (Staffs.), which has a church dedicated to St Werburg (Arnold-Forster, Studies in Church Dedications, ii, 378). Tricingeham is usually identified with Trentham (Staffs.), but must be Threckingham (Lines.). Neither place, however, has a dedication to her (cf. ibid., ii, 376; iii, 281).

^{page 42 note 3} Phil., i, 23.

^{page 43 note 1} quam…Cantuariorum: from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 43 note 2} sub…Cumque: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393, where the passage fits into a scheme of rhyming prose.

^{page 43 note 3} zelo…mota, disponit: also in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 43 note 4} levari essa: Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 43 note 5} Etheldretha…terris nota miraculorum frequentia, nam in loco vili eius prime tumulationis, C.C.C. 393

^{page 43 note 6} in…novo, transferre…sepulta: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244; iam…sepulta: also in B.2.7 and less close to C.C.C. 393.

^{page 43 note 7} Placuit eidem abbatissae, Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 244.

^{page 43 note 8} Iussitque…possent: derived from ibid.

^{page 43 note 9} Ipsa…tectum: derived from ibid., pp. 244–45.

^{page 43 note 10} nisi aliunde veniant, B.2.7; the phrase is not in Bede nor in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 44 note 1} Its location is discussed in Cambs. Place-names, p. 40.

^{page 44 note 2} Operculo quoque similis lapidis, Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 245; operculo quoque similis materiei lapidis, C.C.C. 393.

^{page 44 note 3} unde…monasterium: expanded from Bcde, iv, 17 (19), p. 245.

^{page 44 note 4} Ps., lxxi, 18.

^{page 44 note 5} Cunque…ossa: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 245.

^{page 44 note 6} et…solempnia: also in B.2.7.

^{page 44 note 7} et…testimonio: also in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 44 note 8} prefatus…Coludi: expanded from Bede, iv, 17 (19), pp. 243–44.

^{page 45 note 1} medicus…condita: expanded from ibid., pp. 245–46; also used, but less faithfully, by B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393.

^{page 45 note 2} Et…apparerent: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), pp. 245–46.

^{page 46 note 1} Ps., cxxxiv, 6.

^{page 46 note 2} Exod., iii, 2; Dan., vi, 22–23.

^{page 46 note 3} laverunt…ecclesiam: expanded from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 246.

^{page 46 note 4} atque…posuerunt: from ibid.

^{page 46 note 5} mirum in modum: from ibid.

^{page 46 note 6} ita…fuisset: derived from ibid.

^{page 46 note 7} Et…apparuit: derived from ibid.

^{page 47 note 1} The same comparison in different words is made in C.C.C. 393. According to the legend Clement was cast into the sea, but in response to the prayers of the faithful the sea receded and disclosed ‘ in figura templi marmorei paratum a Deo habitaculum ’ (from the Latin translation of the Greek Martyrium S. dementis, as in Migne, Pat. Graec, ii, 632 from Cotelerius, Patres Apostolici, i, 808).

^{page 47 note 2} To allow for a period of sixteen years since her death in 679 the date should be 695.

^{page 47 note 3} ubi…habetur: from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 246.

^{page 47 note 4} Linteatnina…curatas: derived from ibid ; also used, but less faithfully, in B.2.7 and C.C.C. 393

^{page 47 note 5} Sed…amoverunt: derived from Bede, iv, 17 (19), p. 246.

^{page 48 note 1} Book III, cc. 116–18.

^{page 48 note 2} This oratio occurs almost word for word in the Life of St Sexburga, Trin. Coll. Camb., MS. O.2.1, fos. 227–28.

^{page 48 note 3} Videtur to the end of the chapter is from Bede, iv, (18) 20, p. 247. This excerpt also follows the Life in B.2.7.

^{page 50 note 1} Ed. T. Mommsen, M.G.H., Chron. Min., iii, 314–15.

^{page 50 note 2} audiens…heresim, multum…desiderans, collecto…consensum: derived from Bede, iv, 15 (17), pp. 238–39; inperantibus…Cantuariorum: adapted from Theodore's letter cited ibid., p. 239.

^{page 51 note 1} The chapter is excerpted from an earlier recension of the Life of Sexburga in Trinity, O.2.1, fos. 215–28. With few exceptions every word within the pointed brackets occurs in the Life, fos. 221V–26, but many phrases and much of the matter in the Life has not been taken into this chapter. According to the Life, fo. 220V, King Ecgbert's grants to Sexburga's house at Sheppey were confirmed by Pope Sergius, but it does not mention that she obtained any privileges from him on behalf of Ely, as B (Chronicle) states s.a. 688.

^{page 51 note 2} Cf. Sap., xv, 1.

^{page 51 note 3} This passage occurs in the Life of St Sexburga, fo. 226.

^{page 51 note 4} This source remains unidentified. Die Heiligen Englands, p.5, tellsofSexburga'sfoundation of Sheppey, but not that she received the veil from Archbishop Theodore. Of Ærmenilda it says only that she lies at Ely (p. 7). The Life of St Sexburga speaks only of Theodore's dedication of the church at Sheppey. The Life of St. Ærmenilda (Trin. Coll. Camb., MS. O.2.1, fos. 228–30V) tells how she retired to Sheppey and later moved to Ely, but not in the words used here.

^{page 52 note 1} This and the next sentence are related to a passage in the Life of St. Ærmenilda (fo. 229V), Attestatur vero vitam eius mors in conspectu Domini preciosa, qua transiit Idus Februariiad sidereal regna atque in eodem Eligensi cenobio cum beata genitrice et virginali matertera sua (cf. Heiligen Englands, pp. 7, 8) requiescit tumulata.

^{page 52 note 2} Supra, ch. 24. The Life of St Werburga by Goscelin in Brit. Mus., Cotton MS., Caligula A.8 and C.C.C. 393 and (with some additions) in Trin. Coll. Camb., MS. O.2.1, fos. 231V–36 does not make her expressly abbess of Ely, but says only that she had served as a nun at Ely and was later given charge of all King Æthelred's monasteries.

^{page 52 note 3} Elegit…corpore: derived from the Life of St Werburga (e.g. MS. O.2.1, fo. 234V); In … celesti: from ibid. (e.g. MS. O.2.1, fos. 235–36). For a printed version of the Life see Bollandist Acta Sanctorum for 3 February; H. Bradshaw, The Life ofSt Werburga of Chester (ed. C. Horstmann, E.E.T.S., 1887), pp. xix-xxvi.

^{page 52 note 4} Cf. Die Heiligen Englands, pp. 7, 8.

^{page 52 note 5} beate…ad: occurs also in B (Book of Miracles), fo. 37V.

^{page 52 note 6} non…sustinens: almost word for word as in C.C.C. 393; appetitu…caret: from Abbo, Passio S. Edmundi, p. 8, from which bonis…cessat is also derived; Dei…finibus: almost word for word as in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 53 note 1} Derived from Florence, i, 79–80 s.a. 866, Æthered…regni gubernacula suscepit. Eodem anno magna paganorum classis de Danubia Britanniam advenit. Florence does not here refer to the Danish leaders by name. It is possible that the L.E. assembles their names from later passages in Florence, e.g. Inguar, i, 82; Eowils, et Halfdene, fratres regis Hinguari, i, 121; Haesten, i, 109; Bagseg, i, 85; Guthrum, i, 92; Ubba is mentioned in Inguar's company s.a. 995, but referring back to 875, but the compiler could have found the name in Abbo's Passio S. Edmundi which he used infra, p. 52, n. 6.

^{page 53 note 2} Perhaps a reference to the lists of Danes who fell in battle as e.g. at Ashdown, ibid., i, 85.

^{page 53 note 3} de…hiemavit: from Florence, i, 79–80.

^{page 53 note 4} Deo…malum: derived from Abbo, Passio S. Edmundi, pp. 7, 9.

^{page 53 note 5} Jerem., i, 14.

^{page 53 note 6} flante…depopulans: very close to a corresponding passage in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 53 note 7} nisi…Brithanie: from Abbo, pp. 8, 9.

^{page 53 note 8} The use of regnal years for dating the Danish raids of 866–70 is not adopted from Florence, but, as the words presumably are, the compiler probably decided on the change himself, perhaps as more suitable for a narrative account. No other description of these raids makes such consistent use of regnal years with the exception of Henry of Huntingdon, Hist. Anglorum, pp. 142–44.

^{page 53 note 9} gens atrox et impia occurs in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 53 note 10} ad … hiemavit: derived from Florence, i, 80–81; Quibus…subdiderunt: from ibid., i, 92, except for pacem iniit, quern post vii^em annos pace rupta: but the seven years could have been calculated from the Florence annal for 874. iterum…martirizatus est: derived from ibid., i, 82.

^{page 54 note 1} Supra, p. 53, n. 10.

^{page 54 note 2} Supra, p. 53, n. 10.

^{page 54 note 3} Derived from an addition to Florence in Bodl. MS. 297, Sancto rege sic martirizato, eheu proh dolor, pagani nimium gloriantes totam illam regionem suo dominio subdiderunt, which in its turn draws on Asser, ch. 33, p. 26, or Annals of St Neots, p. 133.

^{page 54 note 4} His…pugnatum est. shows only few similarities with Florence, i, 83, 84.

^{page 54 note 5} pagani…haberet: derived from Florence, i, 84–85, 91.

^{page 54 note 6} The words acerrimi ingenii in Florence, i, 91 are applied to John, not to Alfred.

^{page 55 note 1} Huius…accessus: almost word for word in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 55 note 2} cruente…caterva: shares the occasional phrase with C.C.C. 393.

^{page 55 note 3} This chapter shares many phrases with the version of the miracle given in C.C.C. 393 and B.2.7.

^{page 56 note 1} See infra, p. 57, n. 1.

^{page 57 note 1} Ædwardus…tempore: may be derived from Florence, i, 117, 121, 130, 133, 136, but the figures for the length of the reigns of Alfred, Eadred and Edmund must come from a different source. For these the L.E. must have used a regnal list (to which the words genealogia nobilissimi regis Ædgari seem to refer) like Brit. Mus., MS. Tiberius A.iii, fo. 178V, with which it shares the nine years and six weeks for Eadred (against the nine and a half years of A.S.C., A, s.a. 955). Similarly the error of seven and a half years for Edmund could derive from a misreading of the Old English idiom as used in Tib. A.iii, of the ‘ seventh half year ’. Perhaps the text used by him gave Athelstan sixteen years instead of fourteen (as in Tib. A.iii and also the regnal list in Tib. B.v, fo. 22) and the correct twenty-eight and a half years for the reign of Alfred.

^{page 57 note 2} The battle was fought at Tettenhall (Wednesfield); cf. Florence and A.S.C., s.a. 911.

^{page 57 note 3} Dunstan's prophecy, as found in Florence, i, 133, is from Adelard's Vita S. Dunstani, p. 56, but the L.E. follows Adelard's wording more precisely than does Florence.

^{page 57 note 4} Cc. 43–49 have all the matter and many passages as well as isolated words in common with the version of these miracles given in C.C.C. 393 and B.2.7. For a discussion of the relationship between these versions and also the B (Book of Miracles) see Introduction, supra, p. xxxii.

^{page 58 note 1} Cf. Bollandist Ada Sanctorum Junii (3rd edn.), v, 486–87.

^{page 58 note 2} Cf. ibid., iv, 487.

^{page 58 note 3} Perhaps connected with the name preserved in Bradford Farm in Stuntney. See Cambs. Place-names, p. 221.

^{page 59 note 1} Cf. ibid., v, 487–88.

^{page 59 note 2} Cf. ibid., v488.

^{page 60 note 1} For a fuller version of this miracle see supra, ch. 41.

^{page 61 note 1} Ecce…presumere: occurs verbatim (except virginum) in C.C.C. 393.

^{page 61 note 2} Egregius…suscepit: probably derived from Florence, i, 136, 138.

^{page 62 note 1} Cf. Florence, i, 17.

^{page 62 note 2} a beato…aggregavit: derived from Florence, i, 138 f., but rearranged.