^{page ix note 1} Lingelbach, W. E., ‘The Internal Organization of the Merchant Adventurers of England,’ R. Hist. Soc. Trans. xvi. 1902Google Scholar.

^{page ix note 2} State Papers (Dom.), Council of State, Jan. 4, 1655–6, cxxiii. 16; ibid. Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41.

^{page ix note 3} N. Tench, ‘Reasons humbly offered by the Governor Assistants and Fellowship of Eastland Merchants against the giving of a general liberty to all persons whatsoever to Export English Woollen Manufactures whither they please,’ Brit. Mus. 712, g. 16 (25).

^{page ix note 4} Rymer's Fœdera, tom. viii. p. 511 (see below, pp. 141–2).

^{page x note 1} B. Mackerell, History of Lynn, p. 216; W. Richards, History of Lynn, p. 486.

^{page x note 2} W. Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Early and Middle Ages, pp. 418, 422.

^{page x note 3} S.P. (Dom.), El., March 6, 1602, cclxxxiii.

^{page x note 4} N. Tench, op. cit. p. 8 (see below, p. lxvi).

^{page x note 5} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11 (see below, pp. 142–151).

^{page xi note 1} John Milton, Moscovia, p. 86.

^{page xi note 2} W. Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Modern Times, p. 239.

^{page xi note 3} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, June 3, 1656, cxxviii. 11, 12.

^{page xi note 4} ‘And yt ye secretary draw a short draught to be subscribed by every brother that intends to trade for ye Narve, Riga, Revell, Villon, Dantzic.’—Eastland Court Book, f. 16^b, Nov. 17, 1651.

^{page xii note 1} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 23.

^{page xii note 2} J. Wheeler, Treatise of Commerce, p. 55 (1601).

^{page xii note 3} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 21 (see below, p. 143).

^{page xii note 4} Ibid.

^{page xii note 5} Ibid.

^{page xii note 6} ‘The opinion of the Learned whoe is to be esteemed Merchante according to thentent of the Chartre, Is that none be admitted unlesse he were a Merchante, that is such a one as hath of some good Contynuance not lesse then Three yeres traded at home and abroade beyond the seas merchantlike.’—Acts and Ordinances (see below, p. 3).

^{page xiii note 1} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 22. A later bye-law provides for a general meeting at which representatives from the coast towns attend.—Acts and Ordinances, xxxiv. (see below, p. 38).

^{page xiii note 2} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, mem. 22.

^{page xiii note 3} Ibid.

^{page xiii note 4} Later it was enacted that Assistants must not be insolvent or keepers of taverns.—Acts and Ordinances, xi. (see below, p. 24).

^{page xiii note 5} A bye-law provides for the annual election of all officers of the Company at London.—Acts and Ordinances, xxxiv. (see below, p. 37).

^{page xiii note 6} Court Book of the Newcastle Eastland Merchants, 1662–1690.

^{page xiv note 1} Eastland Court Book (see below, p. lxxxvii).

^{page xiv note 2} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 22.

^{page xiv note 3} Ibid.

^{page xiv note 4} Ibid. mem. 23 (see below, p. 144).

^{page xv note 1} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 23 (see below, p. 145).

^{page xv note 2} Ibid.

^{page xv note 3} Ibid.

^{page xv note 4} Ibid.

^{page xvi note 1} Cf. Eastland Court Book, f. 38^b (see below, p. 87).

^{page xvi note 2} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 23 (see below, p. 147).

^{page xvi note 3} Ibid. Cf. Hist. MSS. Comm. IV. app., p. 302.

^{page xvii note 1} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, mem. 25 (see below, p. 150).

^{page xvii note 2} Ibid. mem. 26 (see below, p. 151).

^{page xvii note 3} Ibid.

^{page xvii note 4} ‘Reflections by Lord Burghley upon concluding Peace with the King of Spain,’ S.P. (Dom.), El., January 2, 1598, cclxvi.

^{page xviii note 1} Privy Council Register, James I., vol. ii. 1615–1617, f. 289 (see below, pp. 155–159).

^{page xviii note 2} Acts and Ordinances (see below, pp. 1–69).

^{page xix note 1} Privy Council Register, James I., 1615–1617, vol. ii. f. 289 (see below, pp. 155–159).

^{page xix note 2} Eastland Court Book, f. 57^b (see below, p. 85).

^{page xix note 3} Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, ii. p. 155 (Surtees Society, vol. 101).

^{page xix note 4} See above, p. xiii.

^{page xx note 1} Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, ii. pp. 181–183 (Surtees Society, vol. 101).

^{page xxi note 1} Acts and Ordinances, i. (see below, p. 1).

^{page xxi note 2} Ibid. xxix. (see below, p. 35).

^{page xxi note 3} Ibid. x. (see below, p. 24).

^{page xxi note 4} ‘Or on a point wavy, a ship under sail proper on a chief gules, a lion passant, And for their crest, on a helmet and wreath of their colours, an ark on which stands a Raven with displayed wings, or, as some vary it, an Elke proper. Their supporters are two bears sable. Motto: Despair not.’—Stow, Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, bk. v. p. 262.

^{page xxi note 5} Patent Rolls, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 22 (see below, p. 143).

^{page xxii note 1} Privy Council Register, James I., vol. ii. 1615–1617, f. 289 (see below, p. 156); Eastland Court Book, f. 37^a (see below, p. 83).

^{page xxii note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., April 1625, dxxi. 33; Addenda.

^{page xxii note 3} Privy Council Register, James I., vol. ii. 1615–1617, f. 289 (see below, p. 156).

^{page xxii note 4} See below, Introduction, p. lxviii.

^{page xxii note 5} Acts and Ordinances, xi. (see below, p. 25).

^{page xxii note 6} Ibid. xiii. (see below, p. 26).

^{page xxiii note 1} Acts and Ordinances, xxix. (see below, p. 34).

^{page xxiii note 2} Ibid. xxviii. (see below, p. 34).

^{page xxiii note 3} Ibid. xv. (see below, p. 27).

^{page xxiii note 4} Ibid. xxxiv. (see below, p. 37).

^{page xxiii note 5} Ibid. ix. (see below, p. 23).

^{page xxiii note 6} Ibid. x. (see below, p. 24).

^{page xxiii note 7} Ibid. xlv. (see below, p. 34).

^{page xxiii note 8} Ibid. xxix. (see below, p. 34).

^{page xxiii note 9} Ibid. xxviii. (see below, p. 34).

^{page xxiii note 10} Ibid. xxix. (see below, p. 35).

^{page xxiii note 11} Ibid. xlvi. (see below, p. 42).

^{page xxiii note 12} Ibid. vi. (see below, p. 19).

^{page xxiii note 13} Ibid. lviii. (see below, p. 55).

^{page xxiii note 14} Ibid. xlvii. (see below, p. 43).

^{page xxiii note 15} Ibid. vii. (see below, pp. 20, 21).

^{page xxiv note 1} Acts and Ordinances, xix. (see below, p. 29).

^{page xxiv note 2} Ibid. v. (see below, p. 19).

^{page xxiv note 3} Ibid. xiv. (see below, p. 27).

^{page xxv note 1} Privy Council Register, James I., 1615–1617.

^{page xxv note 2} Acts and Ordinances, xxxix. (see below, p. 40).

^{page xxv note 3} Ibid. folio 52^a (see below, p. 68).

^{page xxv note 4} Ibid. iv. (see below, p. 15).

^{page xxv note 5} Ibid. xlviii. (see below, p. 44).

^{page xxv note 6} Ibid. f. 42^a (see below, p. 58).

^{page xxv note 7} Ibid. iv. (see below, p. 15).

^{page xxv note 8} Ibid. xx. (see below, p. 30).

^{page xxv note 9} Ibid. f. 44^a (see below, p. 61); cf. Hist. MSS. Comm. iv. App. p. 76.

^{page xxvi note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 15^a (see below, p. 73).

^{page xxvi note 2} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 22.

^{page xxvi note 3} Acts and Ordinances, xi. (see below, p. 25).

^{page xxvi note 4} Ibid. xxvii. (see below, p. 34).

^{page xxvi note 5} S.P. (Dom.), Car. II., Sept. 16, 1671; Entry Book, xxxvi. p. 37.

^{page xxvi note 6} Acts and Ordinances, xxxi. (see below, p. 37).

^{page xxvii note 1} Acts and Ordinances, xxxvii. (see below, p. 38).

^{page xxvii note 2} Ibid. xli. (see below, p. 41).

^{page xxvii note 3} ‘The Northern Merchants of York, Hull and Newcastle, trade only in white Kerzies, and Coloured Dozzens, and every Merchant, be his Adventure never so small, doth for the most part send over an inexperienced youth, unfit for Merchandizing, which bringeth to the Stranger great advantage, but to his Master and Commonwealth great hindrance.’—Some Collections of Sir Walter Rawley's presented to King James, taken out of his Remains, discovering England's loss for want of due Improvement of its Native Commodities, p. 26.

W. Cunningham, op. cit. p. 239.

^{page xxviii note 1} Acts and Ordinances, lv. (see below, p. 52).

^{page xxviii note 2} Ibid. ii. (see below, p. 14).

^{page xxviii note 3} Ibid. lvii. (see below, p. 54).

^{page xxviii note 4} Ibid.

^{page xxix note 1} Acts and Ordinances, lvii. (see below, p. 54).

^{page xxix note 2} Ibid.

^{page xxix note 3} Ibid. lxi. (see below, p. 57).

^{page xxix note 4} Ibid. ff. 42^a–52^a (see below, pp. 58–67).

^{page xxix note 5} Ibid. v. (see below, p. 16).

^{page xxix note 6} Eastland Court Book, f. 11^b, March 2, 1649.

^{page xxx note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 26^b, July 1661.

^{page xxx note 2} Ibid. f. 27^b, August 1661.

^{page xxx note 3} ‘Reasons offered by the Merchants Adventurers of England and Eastland Merchants residing at Hull for the preservation of their Societies and Regulations, as being reasonable, just and necessary to the liberal and profitable rent of our native Manufactures in foreign parts limited to them by their Charters.’—Brit. Mus., 816 m″ (100).

^{page xxxi note 1} W. E. Lingelbach, op. cit. p. 42.

^{page xxxi note 2} Idem. p. 23.

^{page xxxi note 3} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 23; W. E. Lingelbach. op. cit. p. 43.

^{page xxxii note 1} W. Cunningham, Growth of Industry and Commerce, Early and Middle Ages, p. 416.

^{page xxxii note 2} Privy Council Register, James I., 1615–1617, f. 289 (see below, p. 155).

^{page xxxii note 3} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 25 (see below, p. 143).

^{page xxxiii note 1} York Municipal Records, vol. xxxiv. f. 81^a (Jan. 15, 1615).

^{page xxxiii note 2} This fine old Hall, with its underground chapel, still remains in Fossgate. Cf. F. Drake, Eboracum, p. 301.

^{page xxxiii note 3} Eastland Court Book, f. 17^a.

^{page xxxiv note 1} W. Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Modern Times, p. 218; cf. S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, Jan. 11, 1650; Levant Papers, i. 108.

^{page xxxiv note 2} Proclamations, James I., Brit. Mas., 506, h. 12 (98); Ibid. Charles I., Brit. Mus., 506, h. 11 (116).

^{page xxxiv note 3} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, Dec. 10, 1652, xxvi. 18; Ibid. June 2, 1653, xxxvii. 21; Ibid. June 27, 1653, xxxvii. 142. (See below, Introduction, p. xlvii.)

^{page xxxiv note 4} Book of Orders of the Newcastle Merchant Adventurers (1639–1675); Court Book of the Newcastle Eastland Merchants (1662–1690); Eastland Court Book, York; Register of the Admission of Freemen of the Merchant Adventurers of York (1420–1796).

^{page xxxv note 1} S.P. Dom. (W. & M.), July 23, 1690; H.O. Letter Book, Secretary's, 2. p. 145; Eastland Court Book, f. 92^a (see below, p. 132).

^{page xxxv note 2} Eastland Court Book, ff. 20^b, 21^a.

^{page xxxv note 3} Ibid. f. 53^a.

^{page xxxv note 4} Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, vol. ii, 229–231 (Surtees Society, 101).

^{page xxxvi note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 26^a (see below, pp. 78, 79).

^{page xxxvi note 2} ‘A true and perfect Register of all such Aprentices, as have been taken bond amongst ye Fellowship of Marchants Adventurers within the Cittie of Yorke (being free brethren of the Eastland Company) since ye last Certificate, which was returned in February Ano Dom 1641, as I recieved it from M^r John Croft (Secretary to ye said Citties Company) out of the Court booke in his Custodie, the 23^th [sic] Februarys 1646.’

^{page xxxvi note 3} W. E. Lingelbach, op. cit. p. 33.

^{page xxxvi note 4} City of York Merchants Adventurers Book of Acts and Coppys of Severall Wills and Bequests (1600–1694), f. 215.

^{page xxxvii note 1} N. Tench, op. cit. p. 8.

^{page xxxviii note 1} R. Coke, England's Improvements, p. 32.

^{page xxxviii note 2} ‘A letter to M^r Russell, Governour of the Merchantes trading the East-Countries,’ Acts of Privy Council, 1597.

^{page xxxviii note 3} W. Cunningham, op. cit. p. 236; of. Rymer, Fœdera, xvii. 414.

^{page xxxviii note 4} S.P. (Dom.), James I., May 8, 1622, cxxx., Dom. Corresp.

^{page xxxviii note 5} Ibid. July 11, 1622, cxxxii. 30, 12.

^{page xxxix note 1} S.P. (Dom.), James I., June 18, 1622; cxxxi. 40.

^{page xxxix note 2} Proclamations, Brit. Mus., 506, h. 12 (98). (See below, pp. 151–155.)

^{page xxxix note 3} Ibid. h. 11 (116).

^{page xxxix note 4} S.P. (Dom.), James I., March 19, 1622, ccxxviii. No. 59, Add.

^{page xl note 1} Stow, op. cit. bk. v. p. 212.

^{page xl note 2} S.P. (Dom.) Car. I., Dec. 13, 1626, xli. 91; Ibid. Oct. 1627, lxxxiii.

^{page xl note 3} Ibid. Aug. 16, 1631, dxxxiii. 47.

^{page xl note 4} Gustav Schmoller, The Mercantile System, p. 64.

^{page xl note 5} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., 1632, ccxxix. 25.

^{page xli note 1} Acts and Ordinances, f. 45^b (see below, p. 64).

^{page xli note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., August 29, 1628, cxiv. 35.

^{page xli note 3} Ibid. 1632, ccxxix. 25.

^{page xli note 4} Ibid. May 24, 1634, cclxxviii. 62.

^{page xlii note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., August 1637, ccclxvi.

^{page xlii note 2} Ibid. May 15, 1626, xxvii.; cf. W. Cunningham, op. cit. i. 173. (See Glossary.)

^{page xlii note 3} Ibid. May 22, 1630, clxvii. 7.

^{page xliii note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., June 15, 1629, cxliv. 81.

^{page xliii note 2} Ibid. Council of State, March 10, 1649, i.

^{page xliii note 3} Ibid. Car. I., August 24, 1633, ccxlv.

^{page xliii note 4} Ibid. Car. I., June 19, 1639, ccccxxiv. 30.

^{page xliv note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., July 1638, cccxcv. 2.

^{page xliv note 2} R. Coke, England's Improvements, p. 33.

^{page xlv note 1} R. Coke, England's Improvements, p. 34.

^{page xlvi note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, , Dantzic, 1651, xvi. 36; Eastland Court Book, f. 15^a (see below, p. 73).

^{page xlvi note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, , xv. 95.

^{page xlvi note 3} Ibid., Dantzic, 1651, xvi. 36.

^{page xlvi note 4} ‘The King of Denmark His Declaration concerning the English Merchants ships lying in Copenhagen translated out of the Danish Speech into English by Edward Smith, May 17, 1653,’ Pamphlets, Brit. Mus., 693.

^{page xlvii note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, Jan. 4, 1655, cxxiii. 16.

^{page xlvii note 2} W. Cunningham, op. cit. p. 189.

^{page xlvii note 3} Sir Josiah Child, A New Discourse of Trade, p. 104.

^{page xlvii note 4} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, , 1655, c. 158.

^{page xlvii note 5} Ibid. Jan. 4, 1655–6, cxxiii. 16; Ibid. May 13, 1658, clxxxi. 56; Ibid. Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41.

^{page xlviii note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 23^b (see below, p. 75).

^{page xlviii note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Letters relating to Navy, Nov. 13, 1658, cxcv. 77.

^{page xlviii note 3} Ibid. Inter., Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41.

^{page xlviii note 4} Eastland Court Book, f. 29^h, January 29, 1661.

^{page xlviii note 5} S.P. (Dom.), Car. II., April 1671, 289, No. 124; Eastland Court Book, ‘Then the Copy of the Charter renewed by his Majestie was now wholly read over,’ f. 30^a May 20, 1662.

^{page xlix note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Car. II., April 1671, 289, No. 124^v.

^{page xlix note 2} Ibid. No. 124^v.

^{page xlix note 3} Eastland Court Book, f. 50^b (see below, p. 93); of, Newcastle Merchan Adventurers, ii. p. 153 (Surtees Society, 101).

^{page l note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 53^a (see below, p. 97).

^{page l note 2} Ibid. f. 88^b (see below, p. 127); N. Tench, op. cit.

^{page l note 3} Woollen Act, 1689, 1 William & Mary, c. 32,13.

^{page li note 1} S.P. (Dom.), James I., Dec. 1617, xc.

^{page li note 2} Wheeler, Treaty of Commerce, p. 21.

^{page li note 3} S.P. (Dom.), James I., Jan. 1619, cv. 42, 43.

^{page li note 4} Ibid, June 26, 1620, cxv. 109.

^{page li note 5} Misselden, Circle of Commerce, p. 128; cf. W. Cunningham, op. cit. i. 931, App.

^{page li note 6} R. Coke, England's Improvement, 1670, p. 21.

^{page lii note 1} Britannia Languens, a Discourse on Trade, 1680; MacCulloch's Early English Tracts on Commerce, p. 399.

^{page lii note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41.

^{page lii note 3} Ibid. Oct. 22, 1652, xxv. 25; Ibid. 1653, xlii. 150; Eastland Court Book, ‘A Meeting of the Merchants of Yorke and Hull and Maistera of Shipps, that have interest in the ships and goods seazed on the Sound by the Kinge of Denmarke, held at Yorke the 13^th July 1653 in the forenoone,’ f. 21^b (see above p. xlvi).

^{page lii note 4} Acts and Ordinances vii. (see below, p. 20).

^{page liii note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., 1636, cccxli.

^{page liii note 2} Ibid. James I., Feb. 1616, lxxxvi. 77.

^{page liii note 3} Acts and Ordinances, vii. (see below, p. 20).

^{page liii note 4} S.P. (Dom.), James I., March 1613, lxxii. 70.

^{page liii note 5} Rymer, Fœdera, xvii. 414.

^{page liii note 6} S.P. (Dom.), James I., June 26, 1620, cxv. 109.

^{page liii note 7} Acts and Ordinances, vii. (see below, p. 21).

^{page liv note 1} Acts and Ordinances, f. 47^a (see below, p. 65).

^{page liv note 2} Eastland Court Book, f. 68^a (see below, p. 110); Ibid. f. 86^b (see below, p. 122).

^{page liv note 3} ‘Causes of the general Decay of Trade and Scarcity of Money in the town of Kingston-upon-Hull laid before the Privy Council, by John Ramsden Merchant 1622.’—George Hadley, History of Hull, p. 113.

^{page liv note 4} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, Dec. 14, 1652, xxvi. 25.

^{page liv note 5} Ibid. Car. II., Dec. 5, 1660, xxiii. 28.

^{page liv note 6} Ibid. W. & M., May 4, 1693; H.O. Admiralty, 4, p. 452.

^{page lv note 1} Their entrance fee was not so high. Originally no one could enter the Fellowship of Adventurers by redemption except by paying a fee of £200 (Wheeler, Treatise of Commerce); later it was reduced to £50 and £25 (S.P. Dom., Car. I., 1635, cccvii. 74); finally they voluntarily reduced their fine for admission to 40s. (Reasons for passing the Bill for Improving the Trade with Russia), Brit. Mus., 8223, E. 1 (19, 20).

^{page lv note 2} Some Collections of Sir Walter Rawley's presented to King James, taken out of his Remains, discovering England's loss for want of due Improvement of its Native Commodities.

^{page lvi note 1} W. H. and W. C. Overall, Remembrancia, Dec. 10, 1630, vii. 58.

^{page lvi note 2} Ibid. June 29, 1631, vii. 68.

^{page lvi note 3} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., 1630, clxxx. 88, 89.

^{page lvi note 4} W. Cunningham, op. cit. pp. 306, 307.

^{page lvi note 5} S.P. (Dom.), James I., May 4, 1624, clxiv. 21.

^{page lvii note 1} S.P. (Dom.), James I., Jan. 30, 1624, clviii. 63; A Short and True Relation concerning the Soap Business (1641), Brit. Mus., E. 156 (6).

^{page lvii note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., July 22, 1636, cccxxix. 30.

^{page lvii note 3} Ibid. March 11, 1636, cccxli. 108.

^{page lvii note 4} Ibid. Council of State, Jan. 4, 1655–6, cxxiii. 16.

^{page lvii note 5} Ibid. Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 417.

^{page lvii note 6} ‘Reasons offered,’ op. cit. x.

^{page lvii note 7} Ibid. viii.

^{page lviii note 1} ‘Reasons offered,’ op. cit. ix.

^{page lviii note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Council of State, Jan. 4, 1655–6, cxxiii. 16.

^{page lviii note 3} Ibid. Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41¹.

^{page lviii note 4} Ibid. 41⁴.

^{page lviii note 5} Ibid. 41².

^{page lviii note 6} ‘Reasons offered,’ op. cit. vii.

^{page lviii note 7} S.P. (Dom.), Inter., Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41².

^{page lviii note 8} ‘Reasons offered,’ op. cit. xiii.

^{page lviii note 9} Acts and Ordinances, vii. (see below, p. 21).

^{page lviii note 10} Ibid. f. 47^a (see below, p. 65).

^{page lix note 1} R. Coke, England's Improvement, p. 33.

^{page lix note 2} ‘Reasons offered,’ op. cit. xiv.

^{page lix note 3} George Hadley, op. cit. p. 118.

^{page lix note 4} Sir Walter Rawley, op. cit. p. 30.

^{page lix note 5} ‘Reasons offered,’ op. cit. xv.

^{page lix note 6} R. Coke, Reason of the Increase of the Dutch Trade, 1671, p. 149.

^{page lx note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Will. III., April 1, 1698, lii. 12.

^{page lx note 2} D. Macpherson, Annals of Commerce, iv. 166.

^{page lx note 3} Patent Roll, 21 Elizabeth, part 11, mem. 23 (see below, p. 144).

^{page lxi note 1} G. Unwin, Industrial Organization in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century, pp. 76, 77, 78; J. Latimer, History of the Merchant Venturers of Bristol, pp. 52–55.

^{page lxi note 2} W. Cunningham, op. cit. p. 244.

^{page lxii note 1} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., 1630, clxxx. 49, 50, 51.

^{page lxii note 2} Ibid. Dec. 17, 1659, ccv. 41.

^{page lxii note 3} Ibid. Car. II., March 8, 1671, Entry Book, 25, f. 194.

^{page lxiii note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 35^a (see below, p. 81).

^{page lxiii note 2} Ibid. f. 36^b (see below, p. 82).

^{page lxiii note 3} Ibid. f. 35^a (see below, p. 81).

^{page lxiii note 4} Ibid. f. 37^a (see below, p. 83).

^{page lxiii note 5} Ibid. f. 36^b (see below, p. 82).

^{page lxiii note 6} Ibid. f. 54^a (see below, p. 97).

^{page lxiii note 7} Ibid. f. 95^b (see below, p. 136).

^{page lxiii note 8} Ibid. ff. 59^a, 62^b (see below, pp. 99, 102).

^{page lxiii note 9} Ibid. f. 82^a (see below, p. 121).

^{page lxiii note 10} Ibid. Register of Admissions.

^{page lxiii note 11} Eastland Court Book, 1645–1696 (see below, pp. 71–139).

^{page lxiv note 1} Eastland Court Book, ff. 34^a, 34^b, 35^a, 36^a.

^{page lxiv note 2} Ibid. f. 27^b.

^{page lxiv note 3} Ibid. f. 24^b (see below, p. 77).

^{page lxiv note 4} Ibid. f. 50^a (see below, p. 68).

^{page lxiv note 5} Ibid. f. 2^a.

^{page lxiv note 6} Ibid. f. 10^a, Jan. 12, 1648.

^{page lxv note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 10^b, Feb. 26, 1648.

^{page lxv note 2} York Municipal Records, Sept. 5, 1662, vol. xxxvii. f. 177^a.

^{page lxv note 3} Eastland Court Book, Jan. 8, 1663, f. 36^a.

^{page lxvi note 1} George Hadley, op. cit. p. 114.

^{page lxvi note 2} ‘Reasons offered’ (see above, p. lix).

^{page lxvi note 3} Eastland Court Book, Jan. 20, 1646, f. 9^b.

^{page lxvii note 1} Acts and Ordinances (see below, p. 4).

Acts and Ordinances, vi. (see below, p. 19).

^{page lxvii note 2} See above, p. ix.

^{page lxviii note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 26^a (see below, p. 78).

^{page lxviii note 2} Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, ii. 229–321 (Surtees Society, 101).

^{page lxviii note 3} Eastland Court Book, f. 21^b.

^{page lxix note 1} Eastland Court Book, Dec. 23, 1662, f. 30^b; Ibid. f. 50^a (see below, p. 93).

^{page lxix note 2} Ibid. f. 41^b (see below, p. 88).

^{page lxix note 3} Ibid. f. 12^b (see below, p. 72).

^{page lxx note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 23^a (see below, p. 76).

^{page lxx note 2} Ibid. May 16, 1661, f. 25^b.

^{page lxx note 3} Ibid. Register.

^{page lxx note 4} Ibid. May 16, 1661, f. 25^b.

^{page lxx note 5} George Hadley, op. cit. p. 115.

^{page lxxi note 1} York Municipal Records, Jan. 15, 1615, vol. xxxiv. f. 81^a.

^{page lxxi note 1} Privy Council Register, James I. vol. ii. (1615–1617), f. 173 (see below, PP. 155–159).

^{page lxxiii note 1} Privy Council Register, James I. vol. ii. (1615–1617) (see below, pp. 155–159).

^{page lxxiii note 2} Laws and Ordinances, xxxiv. (see below, p. 38); Eastland Court Book, f. 95^b (see below, p. 136).

^{page lxxiii note 3} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., April 1625, dxxi. 33, Addenda.

^{page lxxiii note 4} Eastland Court Book, Jan. 21, 1661, f. 29^a.

^{page lxxiv note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 29^b.

^{page lxxiv note 2} Ibid. f. 23^b (see below, p. 77).

^{page lxxiv note 3} Ibid. f. 36^a, Jan. 8, 1663.

^{page lxxiv note 4} Ibid. f. 53^a.

^{page lxxvi note 1} Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, i. 167 (Surtees Society, 93).

^{page lxxvi note 2} Ibid. Introduction, p. xxxvi; W. Cunningham, op. cit. pp. 246–249.

^{page lxxvi note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 59^b (see below, p. 100).

^{page lxxvi note 2} Ibid. f. 36^a Jan. 8,1663.

^{page lxxvi note 2} Ibid. f. 37^a (see below, p. 85).

^{page lxxviii note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 37^a (see below, p. 85).

^{page lxxviii note 2} Privy Council Register, f 289^a (see below, p. 157).

^{page lxxviii note 3} Eastland Court Book, f. 37^a (see below, p. 85).

^{page lxxviii note 4} Ibid. f 45^b (see below, p. 90).

^{page lxxviii note 5} Eastland Court Book, f. 42^a (see below, p. 89); cf. Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, ii. 149 (Surtees Society, 101).

^{page lxxix note 1} Eastland Court. Book, f. 39^a (see below, p. 88).

^{page lxxix note 2} Sir Henry Thompson married Anne, daughter of William Dobson, a prominent Eastland Merchant of Hull. He founded and endowed a hospital in Castlegate for six poor men, and was buried in the church of St. Mary's, Castlegate (York Municipal Records, vol. xl. f. 230^a); cf. R. H. Scaife's Note in Davies'a Walks through York, p. 80.

^{page lxxix note 3} Eastland Court Book, f. 58^b (see below, p. 98).

^{page lxxx note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 60^a (see below, p. 101).

^{page lxxx note 2} Ibid. f. 60^b.

^{page lxxx note 3} Ibid. ff. 63^a, 63^b (see below, pp. 103, 104).

^{page lxxxi note 1} Eastland Court Book, f. 64^a (see below, p. 105).

^{page lxxxi note 2} Ibid. f. 72^a (see below, p. 114).

^{page lxxxi note 3} Ibid. f. 28^b (see below, p. 79).

^{page lxxxii note 1} Acts and Ordinances, f. 50^a (see below, p. 68).

^{page lxxxii note 2} S.P. (Dom.), Car. I., 1635, cccvii. 74.

^{page lxxxii note 3} Hist. MSS. Comm., iv. App. p. 76.

^{page lxxxiii note 1} Eastland Court Book, December 2,1661, f. 28^b.

^{page lxxxiii note 2} Ibid. March 8, 1661, f. 29^b.

^{page lxxxiii note 3} Ibid. February 2, 1681, f. 74^a

^{page lxxxiii note 4} Ibid. f. 60^a (see below, p. 101).

^{page lxxxiv note 1} Eastland Court Book, f 52^a (see below, p. 96).

^{page lxxxiv note 2} Ibid. (see below, pp. 90–102).

^{page lxxxv note 1} Eastland Court Book (see below, p. 114).

^{page lxxxv note 2} Ibid. (see below, p. 116).

^{page lxxxv note 3} Ibid. (see below, p. 117).

^{page lxxxv note 4} Ibid. (see below, p. 125).

^{page lxxxvi note 1} Eastland Court Book (see below, p. 130).

^{page lxxxvi note 2} Ibid.

^{page lxxxvi note 3} York Municipal Records, vol. xxxviii. f. 174.

^{page lxxxvii note 1} Son of Richard Thomson of Kilham; knighted in 1673; elected Alderman in 1686; displaced from office upon the accession of William III.; died in 1691.

^{page lxxxvii note 2} Eastland Court Book, ff. 95^a 95^b (see below, pp. 135, 136, 137).

^{page lxxxvii note 3} Ibid. f. 96^b (see below, p. 139).

^{page lxxxviii note 1} Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, ii. 158 (Surtees Society, 101). They appear again, however, in 1696 (House of Commons Journal, vol. xi. p. 700).