^{page 1 note a} ‘first yeare of his raigne’ = of Charles 1st. 1625.

^{page 1 note b} ‘ Catches’ = Ketches, “ vessels of the galliot order equipped with 2 masts—the main and mizzen—usually from 100 to 250 tons burden. Ketches were principally used as yachts for conveying great personages from one place to another ” (Admiral Smyth's Sailors' Word-Book).

^{page 1 note c} See our Introduction for brief notice of Buckingham and other frequentlyrecurring names of the MS. ,

^{page 1 note d} ‘ intervenient’ = intervening, but with the Latinate present participle ending—ient (iens) instead of —ing. Bp. Hall and South use the word, and Hall uses the substantive ‘ intervenience.’

^{page 2 note a} Earle of Essex—son of the great Earl of the name, and later, commander-in-chief of the Parliamentary Army during the Civil War.

^{page 2 note b} Sr ffrancis Steward—On this somewhat stained name, see Dr. S. Rawson Gardiner's History of England, under the Duke of Buckingham and Charles I. vol. i. 293, 313, 314.

^{page 2 note c} Sr John Prode—sometimes ‘ Proude,’ was Lieut.-colonel in Sir Charles Morgan's regiment of foot in the Low Countries, and his service for this Expedition was specially requested from the Prince of Orange by Buckingham.

^{page 2 note d} Henry Viscount of Valentia—see Burke's Extinct Peerage, s. n.

^{page 2 note e} St. Leger—was Sergeant-major in Cecil's regiment in the Low Countries, and was also specially asked like Prode. See Gardiner, as before, s. 129, 319 : and Letters of his in Cal. of State Papers (Dom. Series) 1625.

^{page 2 note f} Sir Charles Riche—younger brother of the second Earl of Warwick and the first Earl of Holland. His mother was Penelope, sister of Queen Elizabeth's Earl of Essex. He afterwards became Lord President of Munster, and died in 1622.

^{page 3 note a} Sr Edward Conmay—eldest son of the first Viscount Conway, and succeeded to the title in the 4th of Charles I. (see Burke's Ext. Peerage i. n.). He commanded an English regiment in the Low Countries in 1625. He afterwards commanded the English troops at the Rout of Newburn in 1640. (See Gardiner, as before, frequenter under Conway and Lord Conway).

^{page 3 note b} Whorewood = Sir Edward Harewood, who was colonel of an English regiment in the Low Countries. He was killed at the siege of Maestricht in 1632, and lies buried in the Cloister Church at the Hague, under a tablet to his memory erected by his brother officers.

^{page 3 note c} Burgh = Buckingham's second in command at Rhe; killed there. (See Gardiner, as before, ii. 129, 142.

^{page 3 note d} Bruce—untraced among the many of the name.

^{page 3 note e} ‘Roweborough Dowe’ = Roborough Down, an open ‘ down’ about 5 miles from Plymouth, on the way to Tavistock.

^{page 4 note a} ‘ Cake’ the historical Coke, worthy of kinship to Sir Edward.

^{page 4 note b} ‘ expecting’—it may be worth while noting that in this MS. this verb is used somewhat differently from present-day use. Now, ‘ expecting’ as distinguished from ‘ waiting ’ differs in its inferring a greater probability of occurrence, albeit it is still ‘ waiting for ’ as its derivation also implies, ex-spectare = to look out for and hence to wait for. So Chaucer uses it—

Expectaunt aie till I may mete,

To getten mercie of that swete (Rom. of Rose).

We find it expects, or looks out for, or waits, in LLL. I. 1, and ‘ expectance’ = waiting with some probability of fulfilment in Tr. & Cr. iv. 5, and so ‘ expecters.’ The frequent occurrence of ‘ expect’ in the MS. will apologise for this note.

^{page 5 note a} ‘ spending’ = giving way, or another needed.

^{page 5 note b} ‘ indifferent’ = little, or as we might say a mean (in sense of middle sail ‘ swell sail ’).

^{page 6 note a} ‘ births’ = berths, positions at sea.

^{page 6 note b} ‘iterated’ = repeated.

^{page 7 note b} ‘ Serene ’ = chilly damp (or fog), very much like our malaria.

^{page 7 note a} ‘ Wm. de Massawe.’ Onward it is ‘ Nassau’ = William of Nassau, illegitimate son of Prince Maurice of Nassau. See our Introduction on the ‘ Hollanders’ Fleet.'

^{page 8 note b} Love—Capt. Brett, the Duke of Buckingham's kinsman, is said to have told the Duke that the great fleet would do nothing, “ as there was sent with it Bag without money, Cook without meat, and Love without charity.” These are the names of three chief captains (Court and Times of Charles I. vol. i. 74). Sir Thomas Love died in Fenchurch parish 12th April, 1627, and was privately buried in the choir of the church the following night (p. 213).

^{page 8 note a} ‘ Edynston’—an occasional old spelling for ‘ Eddystone’—renowned for its light-house.

^{page 9 note b} ‘ Cattwater or Ham-oaz—Cattewater is the estuary of the Plym opening into Plymouth Sound on the Bast: Hamoaze, the estuary of the Tamar opening into the Sound on the west.

^{page 10 note a} ‘overpestred’ = overcrowded. So Peele in his “Honour of the Garter”—. the air was pestered to my thought, i.e., the House of Fame was pressed and crowded with illustrious knights. Similarly Milton in his “ Comus ” uses it—

“ Confin'd and pestred in this pinfold here.”

^{page 10 note b} ‘apt.’ So onward, ‘most apte to warpe’ etc. = aptus, fitted, and hence ‘ ready.’

^{page 10 note c} ‘ bound of Dovorr’ = weather-bound off Dover, meaning to go into Dover ut infra.

^{page 10 note d} ‘ New Castle Shipps’ = of Newcastle on Tyne. (See onward,‘ Colliers or New Castell shipps.’)

^{page 10 note e} ‘ reasonable,’ query ‘ seasonable? ’

^{page 11 note a} ‘ expecting’ = tarrying or waiting, but see note on p. 4.

^{page 11 note b} ‘ intended’ = superintended.

^{page 13 note a} ‘ leake’ = leaky. Spenser thus uses ‘ leke’ :—

And fifty sisters water in leke vessels draw ” (F. Q. i. 5 st. xxxv. 11.).

^{page 13 note b} Denbigh—see quotation from Gardiner, as before, in our Introduction, on Denbigh.

^{page 13 note c} Wattes—He was son of John Wattes, “ citizen and clothier ” of London, who was knighted on 24th July, 1603, and was Lord Mayor in 1606. Stow in his “ Survey ” informs us that one John, “ heir ” of the John, was “ captain in this Expedition at Cales, where he was knighted for his good service, and being an expert soldier was made a great officer in this Expedition under the conduct of George, Duke of Buckingham, against the French at the Isle of Rhee, where he behaved himself with great courage.” He continues : “ Afterwards he served as a captain under Count Mansfield in the Expedition on the Rhine, on the behalf of the Prince Palatine, against the Emperor of Germany ” (fol. 588). He married Mary, daughter of Thomas Bayning of Suffolk, brother to Paul and Andrew Bayning, aldermen of London. By her he had issue John, James, Paul, Richard, Edward, William, Thomas, Sarah, Magdalene, Margaret, and Alice. His son John was with him in the French Expedition. Later he stood strong for the King with Capell. Oddly enough none of the authorities give the date of either's death. Only under Hertingfordbury (vol. i. 537), Chauncey says that there is “ in the church this epitaph : ‘ Near this place lyes buried in one grave those loyal and worthy gentlemen, Sir John Watts and Capt. Harry Hooker.” See also Buntingford Charities in Chauncey (vol. i. 262, ed. 1826).

^{page 14 note a} Delaware—Henry West, son of the Lord Delaware, who died in 1618 as Governor of Virginia.

^{page 15 note a} ‘perticular’ = particulars.

^{page 15 note b} ‘ unproiaile’ = improbable.

^{page 15 note c} ‘ impossible’ = impossible.

^{page 15 note d} ‘punctually’ = in every small point or detail.

^{page 15 note e} ‘ conceit’ = conception.

^{page 16 note a} ‘ M^res’ = mainers.

^{page 19 note a} ‘ Calliver’ = caliver, a kind of musket. See Skeat's Etym. Diet. s. v. Cotgrave and Minshew, s. v., give it as = harquebus or musket.

^{page 20 note a} ‘ Carthouses of powder’ = cartouches (Fr.), whence our cartouch-box or soldier's pouch and our ‘ cartridges.’

^{page 20 note b} ‘prvie’ = privie or private?

^{page 21 note a} ‘ close’ = concealed.

^{page 21 note b} ‘ wild fire’ = Greek fire — an explosive compound of sulphur, naphtha, and pitch, that burned with great fierceness. See note in Way's Prompt, p. 527.

^{page 22 note a} ‘attending’ = waiting or watching for.

^{page 22 note b} Pigott—untraced.

^{page 25 note a} Carewe—untraced among the multitude of this name.

^{page 26 note a} ‘ laie at hull = to lie with all sails taken down and the helm lashed a-lee. See Skeat, as before, s. v. hull (2).

^{page 27 note a} Cromwell—see Burke's Extinct Peerage, s. n.

^{page 27 note b} Newoomb—untraced.

^{page 28 note a} Gilbert—son of Raleigh's illustrions brother-in-law.

^{page 29 note a} ‘ministers’ = servants.

^{page 29 note b} ‘ expeet’ = wait and watch. See note on page 4.

^{page 29 note c} ‘ voluntary’ = volunteered, spontaneous.

^{page 30 note a} ‘ induce’ = lead in.

^{page 30 note b} Cape Mondego.

^{page 31 note a} ‘ Carackes’ = carracs, carricka, etc. from carrace,“ a name given by the Spaniards and Portuguese to the vessels they sent to Brazil and the East Indies ; large, roundbuilt, and fitted for fight as well as burden. Their capacity lay in their depth [Query —and breadth above and below?] which was extraordinary. English vessels of size and value were sometimes so-called.” (Admiral Smyth's Sailors' Word-Book.)

^{page 31 note b} Brasill fleet = the yearly Brazil fleet laden with treasure, &c.

^{page 32 note a} ‘ Lisbourn’ = Lisbon.

^{page 33 note b} ‘ impeached’ = blamed.

^{page 35 note a} See our Introduction for quotation from Gardiner, as before, on St. Mary Port.

^{page 37 note a} Blundell—one of Buckingham's ‘favourites.’ He served at the siege of Bergen op Zoom in 1622, and left the service of the States in 1624.

^{page 37 note b} Argall—see Gardiner, as before, i. 314, 317, 322.

^{page 37 note c} Chudley—He was of Ashton, Devonshire—knighted by Charles 1st, 22nd September, 1625—younger son of George Chudleigh of Ashton, an adventurous seacommander, who died in the Straits of Magellan, by his wife, d. of George Speke, Esquire, of White Lackington, co. Somerset. The date of his death does not appear. In Walter Yonge's ‘ Diary’ (Camden Society) we read the following :—“ July 28, 1626. Baronet Chudleigh was sent by the deputy.lientenants towards London to entreat the Council that the county of Devon might be discharged of those soldiers which has been kept here ever since their coming from Cales [Cadiz] in Spain the last year, upon charge of the country, and without pay or clothes, and live disorderly” (p. 94).

^{page 37 note b} Gayer—untraced.

^{page 37 note c} See our Introduction on this and other entries.

^{page 38 note a} ‘ Copenhaven’ = Copenhagen.

^{page 38 note b} ‘ Callice’ = Calais.

^{page 39 note a} ‘ Puntall’ = a fort at Cadiz which was taken by Essex on the 23rd Oct. 1625, i. e., the very day following the present entry. See Gardiner, as before, s. v.

^{page 39 note b} ‘ wast’ = waist, i. e., mid-hull.

^{page 40 note a} Olivares—See Gardiner, as before, s. v.

^{page 40 note b} ‘ bassed ’ = bruised : or qy. abased, laid low, tumbled over by ‘ bruising.’

^{page 44 note a} ‘ plyed the defle’ = played the devil. The MS. looks like‘ defte.’

^{page 44 note b} ‘travas’ = traverse—a phrase used for manœuvring weapons in fight, i. e. to wheel or alter the direction of a cannon to left or right. There is a substantive ‘ travis.’

^{page 46 note a} ‘p'ley’ = parley.

^{page 46 note b} Brett—See Gardiner, as before, ii. 132,182. Qnery brother to Arthur Brett and the Countess of Middlesex, wife of the Lord Treasurer (Middlesex) ? See further in the Progresses of King James I. vol. iii. pp. 970, 984, and “Diary of Walter Yonge, Esq.” (Camden Society), p. 76.

^{page 52 note a} ‘ biverage’ = beverage, a sweet kind of cider made of the leavings of the better kind.

^{page 54 note a} Santa Castalena [sic] = S^ta Catalina, the point to the west of Puerto de Santa Maria.

^{page 55 note a} ‘p'ills’ = peril.

^{page 56 note a} ‘ Hercules pillar’—This would ordinarily mean Gibraltar, but it must here be some place in the Isle of Leon.

^{page 58 note a} ‘ improvident’ = careless.

^{page 59 note a} ‘ expence’ = expenditure, or using.

^{page 61 note a} ‘ towe’ = rope or cable.

^{page 61 note b} ‘leake’ = leaky, as before. See p. 76,1. 29. ‘Leakness’ occurs in p. 83, 1. 4.

^{page 63 note a} ‘flie boates’ = “ a large flat-bottomed Dutch vessel, whose burden is generally from 300 to 600 tons. Distinguished by a remarkably high stern resembling a Gothic turret and by very broad buttocks below. Also a Swift canal passage-boat” (Admiral Smyth's Sailors’ Word-Book).

^{page 65 note a} ‘ Sconce’ = fortified place (usually small).

^{page 67 note a} The Puente de Zuazo, joining the island with the main land.

^{page 67 note b} Son of the Duke who commanded the Armada.

^{page 69 note a} ‘indifferentile’ = impartially.

^{page 71 note a} ‘ serene’ = mildew damp. See note on page 8.

^{page 71 note b} Culvering’ = culverin, ordnance so-called—a cannon of about 5¼ inch bore, 9 to 12 feet long, carrying a ball of 18 lbs. It was a favourite sea-gun. From coluber, because it had a snake and dragon upon it forming its handle. (See Admiral Smyth's Sailors' Word-Book.)

^{page 72 note a} ‘presenting’ = carrying out or prosecuting.

^{page 73 note a} ‘pursers’—The “Purser” was an officer in the Navy who took charge of the provisions, etc. He is now called “ pay-master,” though formerly he had little to do with the pay. In Elizabethan days there were “ pursers ” in other than vessels of the Royal Navy: and so it is still.

^{page 74 note a} See former note (p. 67) on Puente de Zuazo.

^{page 74 note b} ‘ intend’ = superintend, as before.

^{page 75 note a} ‘ Drakei’ = small piece of ordnance so-named.

^{page 78 note a} ‘plye’ = sail—usually short trips to and fro.

^{page 78 note b} Budgeroe—No such name occurs in the map, but in a chart on a large scale of the last century, a place called Burge is marked just outside Malaga to the west, as if it had a tower on a hill, which would therefore serve as a good sea-mark.

^{page 79 note a} Isles of Bayon in Galicia—The following rare book explains this :—“ A True Relation of a Brave English Stratagem, Practised lately upon a Sea-Towne in Galizia (one of the Kingdomes in Spaine), and most valiantly and successfully performed by an English Ship alone of 30 Tonne … 1626(4^o).” The islands of Bayon lie off the town: hard by is the “ Bayona's hold ” of Milton's Lycidas.

^{page 79 note b} ‘perclose’ = conclusion (the ‘ close’ which is ‘ per’ or through is a definite close or ending).

^{page 80 note a} ‘ Barr of St. Lucer ’ = bar of San Lucar or Lucar de Barrameda, the port of Seville.

^{page 84 note a} ‘once and the same’—we write “ one and the same.”

^{page 85 note a} Grandison = Oliver S^t John, Viscount Grandison, later Baron Tregoze in the English Peerage. See Gardiner, as before, i. 58, 295 : ii. 65.

^{page 85 note b} ‘conclude’ = lead to a conclusion or decision.

^{page 86 note a} ‘ingenuitie’ = ingenuousness.

^{page 98 note a} ‘induced’ = brought in, introduced.

^{page 99 note a} Mis-written ‘ reproaches.’.

^{page 99 note b} Zuft = variant of ‘ Sough’—“ An old northern term for the distant surging of the sea ; a hollow murmur or howling, or the moaning of the wind before a gale.” (Admiral Smyth, as before). “ A buzzing, a hollow murmur or roaring … the form ‘ swough’ is common in early English ” (Halliwell Phillipps, s. v.)

^{page 101 note a} ‘Algiers.’ = Algiers. Algiers is similarly spelled in “ Diary of Walter Tonge, Esq. 1604–1628,” published by the Camden Society (1 vol. 1848). See p. 41. So, too, in the following little known, but singularly interesting book by Fran¸is Knight:—” A Relation of Seven Teares Slaverie under the Turkes of Argeire, snffered by an English Captive Merchant … 1640 (4^o).

^{page 101 note b} ‘Sally’ = Salee on the coast of Morocco.

^{page 104 note a} ‘strike a Hull’ = take down or furl all sail, as before.

^{page 104 note b} ‘brayling upp ’= drawing up the sail before it is thoroughly stowed away. See Skeat, s. v. haul, as before (scarcely accurate).

^{page 108 note a} ‘indifferent ’ = impartial, as before.

^{page 111 note a} ‘un bay’ = sail out of the bay. To ‘ embay’ is to get into a bay and be unable to get out.

^{page 113 note a} Doubtless of the Southampton family. Shakespeare's Earl of Southampton and his eldest son both died in 1624, in the memorable wars of ‘ the Low Countries.’ CAMP. SOC.

^{page 115 note a} ‘misne’ = mizen. The mizen mast is the after-mast, the mizen yard is the lowest or chief yard (spar or timber on which the sail is set) of the mizen mast.

^{page 115 note b} ‘skanted ’= lessened.

^{page 115 note c} ‘Swabbers ’ = driers or cleaners of the decks after being washed. Hence ‘ swabs’ = a sort of long mop of rope yarn, to clean or dry up the decks. Often how used by sailors in a reproachful sense. Formerly in the Royal Navy there was a petty officer, whose duty it was to see that the deck was clean, and he was called ‘ swabber’ par excellence.

^{page 117 note a} ‘Seeles’ = lurching, or sadden heeling over and quick return.

^{page 121 note a} We learn incidentally from Walter Yonge's ‘ Diary ’ (Camden Society) that he was Sir Edward Villers [or Villiers’, p. (95). He was half-brother of the Duke of Buckingham. CAMD. SOC.