page x note a For the purpose of illustrating this work, and of resolving doubtful or explaining obscure words, I haye had frequent recourse to other accounts of Henry, or of his father, still in the same collection. These are referred to by the abbreviations D. of L., cl., bdle., for Duchy of Lancaster, class, bundle.

page x note b See after, p. xc.

page xi note a The italic indications were abandoned at this point on account of the needless further expense, the contractions being of the same character throughout.

page xii note a For descriptions of the officers of the Order and their functions, with chronological lists of names, see Voigt's “Namen-Codex der Deutschen Ordens beamten,” Königsberg, 1843.

page xii note b Six documents making and confirming this annual grant are printed from the Charter, Liberate, and Patent Rolls (English Record Office) in “Archives de l'Orient Latin,” vol. i., pp. 416-422. They are of the dates Henry III., 1235 ; Edward I., 1279 and 1286 ; Edward III., 1359 ; Richard II., 1389 ; and Henry IV., 1401. The letter from Kniperode is printed from the archives of Konigsberg, by J. Voigfc, “Codex Diplomaticus Prussicus,” Königsberg, 1848, vol. iii., p. 117, who also give.) Edward III.'s charter (under date 1360). M. Perlbach (Alt-preussische Monatsschrift, xviii., 1880, p. 226) gives notes from the Liberate Rolls of the payment orders made in thirteen years of Henry III., viz., from 1239 to 1261.

page xiii note a Th. Hirsch, , “Danzigs Handels-und Gewerbsgeschichte,” Leipzig, 1878, pp. 99, 100.Google Scholar

page xiii note b Allen's, T. “Hist, of County of Lincoln,” 1836, vol. i., pp. 219, 222, 224.Google Scholar

page xiii note c See pp. 72/29, 97/29, 61/16. That Trepeland (pp. 40, 175, &c.) was an English merchant of York is proved by a bond dated at Dantzic, 13 March, 1394, under which he and a Gennan merchant lent money to John Beaufort and other English knights, then on a short reysa with the Teutonic order. Hirsch, “Danzigs Handels-u. Gewerbsgeschichte,” p. 234, note 983. (I owe this interesting reference to Professor Prutz).

page xiii note d See all the documents in Rymer, vol. vii., pp. 588, 599-601, 647, 739. Professor Prutz gives a valuable sketch of the action of the Grand Masters Kniperode and Rotenstein in regard to the complaints of the merchants, and of the negotiations which led to the treaty of 1388 above mentioned. “Rechnungen,” introduction, pp. xxix.-xxxiii.

page xiv note a In the oldest book, marked A/Y, fos. 131-3, where I saw it in the year 1882. The same volume contains a curious indenture for the sale of the “quarter of a ship cald James,” and the fish in it, br Jasper Grondham, skipper, of Dantzic, to twomerchants of York and Beverley, in 1439 (fo. 184).

page xiv note b Wigand v. Marburg, Script, rer. Pruss. vol. ii., p. 640.

page xv note a Voigt's, “Geschichte Preussens,” vol. v., pp. 538, 539.Google Scholar

page xv note b See pp. xiii. note c, xvii.

page xvi note a French Bolls, 15 Ric. II., m. 16,15, 14, printed in Rymer, vii., 705, 706. Walsingham, “Hist. Angl.,” ii., 202.

page xvi note b E.g. “Le livre des faicts du Mareschal de Boucicant,” ed. Michaud et Poujoulat, p. 232, Wigand v. Marburg, p. 644. Boucicaut made three journeys to Prussia, “Le livre,” pp. 223, 232.

page xvi note c Dr. Panli's “Introduction” begins here, and ends p. xxxiv.

page xvi note d See note before p. xii, also Dr. Pauli's “Geschichte yon England,” iv.,p. 646, and his “Pictures of Old England,” p. 134.—L.T.S.

page xvii note a “Et exinde multi AngKgenae et Francigenae transierunt ad Sprnciam ad bellum campestre assignatum die parasceves proximo sequenti inter regem Hispaniae et paganos;” a rather mutilated passage. Knighton's. Chronicle, in Twysden's “De cem Scriptores,” col. 2583.

page xvii note b Ibid., col. 2603, years 1351 and 1352.

page xvii note c H. de Hervordia, a Dominican born in Westphalia, died October 9, 1370 ; see his “Chronicon,” ed. Aug. Potthast, Göttingen, 1859, p. 286.

page xvii note d Printed in “Script, rer. Prass.,” ii., 516, note.

page xviii note a The various extracts in Ducange under “reisa” show that it was a general word for a military expedition, not confined to Prussia.—L.T.S.

page xviii note b “Möht ich die lieben reise gevaren über se.” About 1228.

page xviii note c I believe this statement to be a mistake; Bolingbroke seems to have been his home in 1390-1 it is true, but important documents are dated from Peterborough, and in 1392-3 it is Peterborough whence he started and to which he returned with his baggage. See pp. 2, 143, 148, 254, 270, &c, and p. lxxxiv.—L.T.S.

page xviii note d “De Illustribus Henricis,” ed. Hingesfcon, pp. 98,99. “Ovta autem seditions inter Ricardum regem et quinque dominos, qui vulgariter dicti sunt domini de campo, hid vir magnificus post multas molestias sibi intentas, mare transut, loca sancta devoto affectu visitans …. Videns igitur dictus Henricus sibi periculum imminere, litem temporalem in peregrinationem sanctam vertit.” John Capgrave, an Augustinian priest of Lynn, was born 1393, and wrote temp. Henry VI.—L.T.S.

page xix note a Rolls edition, p. 361.

page xix note b “Hist. Anglicana.” See Appendix A,

page xx note a Knighton's Chronicle. See Appendix A.

page xx note b See Appendix A. Kawen, now Alt Kowno.

page xx note c “De Illuatribus Henricis,” Rolls ed., p. 99.

page xx note d Ibid., pp. 99-101. See Appendix B.

page xx note e “Scriptores rernm Prussicarum,” ii., 182, See Appendix B.

page xx note f See Appendix A.

page xxi note a See Appendix A.

page xxi note b A good many accounts of royal and private wardrobes, priories, gilds, and other bodiss, have been printed by various societies, as the Antiquaries, Surtees, and Camden, and the Roxburghe Club, besides the work of foreign editors, as Douet d'Arcq, T. Hirsch, &c—L.T.S.

page xxii note a For more detail as to Derby's household and the composition of his little army, see further, pp. xlii., xlv., xci., xcii.—L.T.S.

page xxii note b Cf. p. 37/21, 24, and p. 87/22, 24. Some of the party, however, had to go as passengers in a third vessel, see p. 37/27.—L.T.S.

page xxii note c This does not appear to be proved; the vessels probably were English, with German captains. In any case the vessels were only hulls, and had to be fitted up with cabins and other accommodation at Derby's expense (see pp. 26, 27,157/17 to 158/6), as we know was the case at Venice in 1392.—L.T.S.

page xxiii note a See before, p. xiii.

page xxiv note a The word erroneously printed Siron, p. 288/8, is an example ; the first letter resembling nothing definitely, I at first took it for G, then for S ; there is no hint to help in locating the place. In making the Itinerary, I found that the party must have passed, in all probability, through Verona, and turning once more to the MS, saw that the letter is an imperfect V, the n having a turned end (unfortunately net printed) should be expanded na.

page xxv note a It is curious that the habit of using the French article le before certain nouns survived even through the 17th century. In the Administration Books of Wills at Somerset House, ships are often thus indicated, as leNew Milford, 1671, le Defyanca, 1696, le Africa galley, 1700, and others.—L.T.S.

page xxvi note a Calais, taken by Edward III. in 1347, was by this time well settled by Englishmen and under an English municipality (Chronicle of Calais, Camden Soc, pp. xxiii., xxiv.). The house which Eustache de St. Pierre had occupied in rue Pedrowe had been granted to the elder Henry of Lancaster in 1361 (Kervyn's Froissart, vol. 23, p. 74). John de Lancaster, esquire, had the custody of Merke Castle, closs by, in 1391-2 (French Roll, 15 R. II. m. 12), so that the family, no doubt, had a home there to receive them on their frequent visits, whether the younger Henry had a house of his own or not (p. 7/6). He was there at least twice in 1390, at St. Inglebert justs in March-April, and for Barbary in May. The Lantern-Gate was the principal entrance to the town ; the prison near it, to whose inmates Derby was generous (p. 8/28), I have not found named elsewhere. One of the churches of Calais, central in situation, was dedicated to St. Nicholas ; was it a warning light hung on the tower of this church for which Derby gave alms in the ship on his return to England (p. 37/10) ? There was a good deal of pontage or toll to be paid here by ships on arrival and departure (p. 37/11, 19) ; a source of funds resembling that insisted on a few years later, 1397 and 1432, for the repair of the haven (Rot. Par. iii. 371, iv. 405a). As to “Paradis” and the haven, see further note, p. 297. Places near Calais named in our text are Gravonyng or Gravelines, on the Flemish frontier, where butcher's meat was bought (pp. 9, 11), and Whitsand or Wissant, a few miles south-west of Calais, where Derby's “harness” or luggage appears to have been landed and carted to Calais (pp. 7, 8). This was an ancient town and landingplace ; in 1184 Prince Richard sailed from Dover to Witsand (Eyton, Court of Henry II., p. 260).

page xxvii note a Hertford was one of the principal seats of John of Gaunt.—L.T.S.

page xxvii note b Dr. Pauli's words were “to proceed by land through Flanders and Germany.” But he had ignored the Barbary episode.—L.T.S.

page xxvii note c P. 20/4. “Magister nayis et servientes sui.” These may not be the same as the skipper and his “nautes.”—L.T.S.

page xxvii note d Though, of course, the ships passed through the Sound, it is not named here. “Le Sond,” on p. 97, is the Hanse town Stralsund.—L.T S

page xxviii note a At Dantzic prames were hired, repaired, and fitted up to convey the heavy stores and fresh victuals, beer, etc., by water to Königsberg (pp. 40-42)—where they did not arrive in time (46/34)—and thence, partly dragged by men and ropes overland (p. 48/14), to the Curische Hafi and down the Memel towards the seat of war. They also brought away the sick on 27th August (pp. 50/32, 51/12, 54/2, 55/5).

Thirteen hired carts and carters conveyed Derby's land stores and armour from Dantzic to Königsberg (pp. 43/22-27,45/5); but he also bought seven new waggons (carucae) to carry victuals for the Reysa, with horse-harness thereto, which were shipped on the prames (p. 41/8-17).—L.T.S.

page xxviii note b From Königsberg everything was not sent on by the prames ; a large number of baggage-carts, driven by Prussian carters, were hired; no less than eighteen of these took baggage to Insterburg Castle (p. 54/17), where the stores were left under the care of a Prussian during the campaign (p. 53/25), while another train of twenty-two, each with four horses and a man, were employed in carrying victuals and baggage on to the reysa itself (p. 54/22). Their payments were regulated by the two Teutonic Herrs mentioned in the next paragraph.—L.T.S.

page xxix note a Here it was found that some at least of the victuals must be transferred to horses' backs, as the carts could not get through the forest (p. 50/27).—L.T.S.

page xxix note b Our text says that the sick were sent away in the prames on 27 Aug. (p. 51/11); they must have been among Posilge's “geringe volk.” See extracts from Posilge and Wigand (Appendix A) for the account of this battle, which has been mixed up with the siege of Wilna by some other writers.

page xxx note a See p. 106/1. The miners worked under the shelter of a machine called sus (105/21), so named because, says William of Malmesbury, “after the manner of a sow they proceed to undermine the foundation of the walls.” See Ellis, Original Letters, 2d. Ser. i., p. 33.

page xxx note b Posilge says the siege lasted five weeks all but two days.

page xxxi note a See Appendix A, p. ex., note.

page xxxi note b About this time he visited Arnau, where the chapel of St. Katherine was, as Professor Prutz points out, a place of pilgrimage (p. 53/18).—L.T.S.

page xxxii note a French Roll, 14 Rich. I I , m. 8.

page xxxiii note a See pp. 72/13, 75/3, 79/15, 30 , 86/23. Derby himself stayed at both houses, his residence at the old bishop's house being proved by the item (p. 85/23) respecting the camera et anla, i.e. the lord's own room there, also by the care taken in fitting up the kitchen (p. 79/21). I believe that he stayed at Godesknecht's first, until the bishop's house could be put in order ; and the torches borne before him from the town to the house may have been on the occasion of his removal. There was a woman hostess or housekeeper in the house, at least in March (p. 83/13, 22, 77/10, 111/16), and probably all the time.—L.T.S.

page xxxiii note b Among other things, during seven days (probably in Easter week) Derby made a “pilgrimage” in Dantzic itself, visiting and offering at four churches daily, by which he would, like others who performed the same pious duty, obtain the absolution “a penâ et a culpâ” granted by the Pope, Boniface IX. The indulgences were to be obtained by visiting these churches, and Derby took the advantage of this. (It was in 1390 that Boniface issued his bull against the abuse of the indulgence system by pardoners and quaestors. Jusserand's “English Wayfaring Life,” pp. 313-321, 433). No crusading vow, or absolution from it, as imagined by Dr. Pauli (“Pictures of Old England,” p. 137), is referred to.

page xxxiv note a The last days of his stay in Dantzic, we learn from Professor Prutz, who prints four letters existing in the Königsberg archives addressed by Wallenrod to the “Duke of Lancaster” (apparently meaning Henry), were somewhat occupied by a dispute that had arisen between one Claus Makenhagen, a subject of the Duke of Stolpe, and some Englishmen at Schonen, the great factory for salting herrings and the herring trade in the south of Sweden. Coming to Dantzic, the man was trapped and imprisoned, and Henry, having it is supposed taken the part of the Englishmen, was appealed to that Claus might be set free and indemnified. He was liberated, but the end of the story does not appear. Prutz, “Rechnungen,” pp. lxxiv., ci.-ciii.

page xxxv note a “Hist. Anglicana,” under year 1389, p. 189

page xxxvi note a The date p. 44 is misprinted 15, it should be Aug. 14, that on p. 105 should also be 14 instead of Aug. 13.

page xxxvi note b John of Posilge gives 4 Sept. as the day when “they came before Wilna.” The 5th Sept. is the nearest in our text.

page xxxvi note c Le Wylle (51, 53), as well as Welle elsewhere (105, 106), denotes Wilna. The old name for the river Wilia was Nerga or Nerya.

page xxxviii note a As to the Barbary crusade, see “Trance en Orient,” par J. Delaville le Roulx, i., 166-176 ; Froissart, ed. Kervyn de Lettenhove, vol. 14, pp. 151-159.

page xxxviii note b Sir John Hay ward, whose “Life of King Henry IV.,” was published in 1599, was quite aware of the Barbary expedition, but he mixed it with the events of the Reysa of 1390 in most curious confusion. His relation up to the landing in Barbary—save that he makes Derby go—is pretty correct; then in describing the action he imports the battle at Alt Kowno (without the name), with the slain dukes and soldiers and prisoners as in Walsingham, as well as the five weeks' siege and other circumstances at Wilna, only he calls the city Tunis I See pp. 30, 31.

page xxxviii note c Derby afterwards sent the Sire de Sempy a gift of a palfrey, doubtless in acknowledgment of his courtesy (p. 34,1. 25).

page xxxviii note d “Joutes de St. Inglebert,” at end of “Partie inedite des Chroniques de St Denis,” Paris, 1864, p. 73.

page xxxviii note e Ed. Kervyn, vol. 14, pp, 150,151.

page xxxix note a See note on p. 297.

page xxxix note b See before, p. xv.

page xl note a The archers on service infra curiam were sometimes designated archer-valets, valetti sagittarii, cf. the items of those who went on the reysa (p. 128), where valettus and sagittarius are with one exception (which proves the rule) used indifferently, and all are paid at 6d. a day. Of those who were at Calais on service extra curiam, only one bears both designations, viz. Thomas Toty's man, called sagittarius till 31 May and valettiis 1-10 June (pp. 118, 123), again proving that an archer was a shooting valet. Other valets were distinguished as “valets of the chamber,” etc. (p. 129). In 1392 the king ordered that all the valets, and even servants below that grade,of his household should practise with the bow. Eymer, vii., p. 721.

page xli note a These were John Asslieley, John Cope, J. Dalyngrugge,* Rich. Dancaster,* Thomas Gloucester, Roger Langford, Ralph Rochford,* Wm. Sewardby, Ralph Staveley,* Thomas Toty, and John Waterton. The four marked by an asterisk had been at the justs of St. Inglebert in April.

page xli note b About twenty valets and servants of various grades, from John Countershaw at 6d. a day to John Walker and his ten fellows at 2d. a day each, are only mentioned as at Calais, or there and returning to England ; a few, as Langdon, Syde, and Wolfley were abroad with Derby again in 1392-3.

page xlii note a See notes Elmham and Stokes, after, p. 295.

page xlii note b The date is not directly giren, but may be gathered by comparing the dates of the cook's wages and those of other servants, on p. 125, with those of Payne, Staveley, and others, infra curiam at Calais and infra curiaim in England, p. 126.

page xlii note c It is, of course, possible that Detby's herald accompanied Elmham, and that the entries (pp. 8/17, 20/9, 15/4) refer to one and the same mission, which in that case certainly related to Barbary; the terms leave it doubtful. Elmham and Stokes were paid at once separately, the herald (a regular retainer) received the chief part of his fee long after, as shown above. Bourbon himself was not in Paris at this time ; moving about while preparing, he was at Turin from 17 to 19 May (“France en Orient,” i., 172).

page xliv note a See after, p. xcii.

page xlvi note a See note Malet, p. 308.

page xlvi note b The esquires were Houghton, Langeford, Cope, Toty, Glouoestre (John or Thomas), Rocheford, Chelmeswick, Staveley, Dancastre, John Waterton, Hasildene, Rygmayden (William or Richard, perhaps hoth), Bugge, Assheley. Reginald Curteys, who also performed some duties connected with the household at Königsberg and Dantzic (pp. 102/20,104/4), had esquire's pay from 1 January.

page xlvii note a French Roll, 16 Rich. II., mems. 14, 6.

page xlvii note b While at Lynn, Henry had some communication with Henry Spencer—the crusading Bishop of Norwich (1370-1406), the firm and able man who had led a campaign against the Flemings nine years before, and who in his own episcopate bore hard upon the Lollards—but what message the valet Freeman brought back we cannot tell (p. 270/15).

page xlvii note c D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 2 (two leaves from the end).

page xlviii note a D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 5, fo. 5 v°.; and after, p. 149.

page xlviii note b This date is due to Capgrave (see Appendix B). Our acconnt shows Derby at Heacham on 20 and 24 July, playing at dice and evidently waiting (p. 265). See note, p Ixxx.

page xlviii note c Sometimes shortened to Burgh, as on p. 151, cf. p. 162/10.

page xlviii note d See Appendix B.

page xlix note a “Multi eciam negotiatores erant ibi, et peregrini nobiles, sc. dominus Perse de Anglia, etc., qui proponebant ire in Ritterswerder in sucoursum Wytaudi, quos remisit ad sua, cum venissent ad Tzuppam, dicens : se non egere anxilio eorum. qnia convertisset se et revertuntur in Königsberg.” Script, rer. Pr. ii., p. 648.

page xlix note b The Marienkirche, says Professor Prutz.

page xlix note c “Dux de Lankasten Anglicus fuit in Prussia et habuit multas contentiones pro vexillo sancti Georgii, sed non obtinuit.” (Script, rer. Pruss. iii., p. 168.)

page l note a Wigand, Script, rer. Prnss. ii, pp 544, 646, 648.

page l note b Fifty years later the Earl of Warwick had “a gyton for the ship of eight yards long.” See a valuable article on flags in Retrospective Review, 2d Ser., vol. i., pp. 111 , 114, 115. Guydhome, guydon, gyton, are three forms of the word there found, which the accounts have as geten.

page li note a The most part received wages from the 21 July, 1392.

page li note b See note on p. 309.

page li note c The esquires were R. Chelmswyke, Peter Melbourne, R. Staveley, T. Toty, John Payne, T. Gloucester, Robert and John Waterton, the bastard Granson, Francis de Lumbardy, R. Dancaster, W. Gyse, T. Goter, W. Rygmayden, Edm. Bugge. Toty and Payne were constant attendants, evidently trusted men ; Bugge and Gyse only appear now and then at the end of the accounts, Lancaster herald joined him in April, 1393.

page lii note a The figures of the Duke of Clarence, cited on p. xc, confirm this view.

page lii note b This list is based on the dates for which wages were paid (pp. 267-9), and a note in the margin of p. 267 shows that this is a true general guide, although some of the details are not clear. R. Waterton, for instance, was only paid till 13 Aug., he may therefore have been sent away earlier than the rest; he aeems to haye joined Derby again on 1 June, 1393, when he had reached Chambery. About half the men, including the four esquires and the minstrels, were paid from 21 July till 15 Sept.; the rest, among whom were Dyndon and Fisher, from 21 July till 22 Sept. Travera of the scullery and Kikkeley the cook did not return with these, see p. 210, 212.

page liii note a In Leunthorpe's Account for 16, 17, and 18, Rich. II. (D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 5, fo. 5 v°), he enters, “per manus Willielmi Pountfreit clerici coquine ejusdem hospicii [domini], lxvjli. xiijs. iiijd.; pro frecto ynius]nauis a Portu de Dansk in Prucia vsque portnm de Kyngston super Hull cum garderoba domini et parte familie sue, per indenturam ipsius Willelmi datum apud Ebor. xij die Novembria anno xvj°.”

page liv note a See list in “Les Lombards en France,” a useful treatise by C. Piton, Paris, 1892, p. 39, also “Archives de l'Orient Latin,” vol. ii., Documents, p. 209.

page liv note b Rot. Par., ii. 137, iii. 626, y. 144, in Edw. III., Henry IV., and Henry VI.

page liv note c S. L. Peruzzi, “Firenze e i banchieri Fiorentini.” Firenze, 1868, p. 145. We find a “Paulus Albertini socius mercatorum” in 1258, 42 Hen. III., referred to in Rymer, i. 656.

page lv note a In the account of Whitteby, Lancaster's receiver-general, for 15 and 16 Rich. II., ending 2 Feb. (D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 2), is the following item : “Et Matheo domino lumbardo, vni ex consorciis domini Antonii d'Albertis, et Jaketto Dyne de Florencia pro escambio monete Anglie in 8888 dokettis novis de Venys et 2s. 8d. in sterlingia vel valore, precio doketti 3s., solvende domino comiti Derbye vel Janico Dartache scutifero seu alio attornato suo sufficiente potestate habente, apud Venys in festo purificationis B. M. [2 Feb.] anno 16°, per securitatem cuiusdam obligacionis per Johannem Walcote, Johannem Leycestre eives Londonienses et predictoa Matheum et Jakettum facte,” to Whitteby and three others, the bond bearing date at Leicester, 28 Nov., 1392. A note in the margin indicates that Kyngeston, Treasurer for War, answers for this money.

page lvi note a See note, p. 310.

page lvii note a Pauli, “Naehrichten,” as before, p. 349, no. 14, of 1881.

page lvii note b Anderson's “Royal Genealogies,” Bohemia; Gams' “Episcopi Eccles. Cathol,” Aqniltja. See after, p. 308.

page lvii note c At this point several dates give much difficulty. I have set the originals down in the Itinerary, fearing to change too much, but I believe from the 29 Oct. the following would be a more correct reading, as two days then are unaccounted for ; and on the other hand Derby must surely have arrived in Vienna before 4 Nov., which obligea him to get the Duke of Austria's letter the same day. 29 October at Brünn, 30 Goding, 31 Weisskirch, 1 November Driesen, 2nd Schönkirchen, 3rd Vienna, where he stayed four nights at the cost of Albert III. (p. 150/17), so that he would leave Vienna on 7 Nov. The visit to the King of Hungary, and the receipt of money from Albert's officers, are both set down for 6 Nov.

page lviii note a I have not succeeded in identifying this knight.

page lviii note b Venetian State Papers, ed. Rawdon Brown, vol i., no. 107, and see Pref. lxxxii. : the grant is printed at length in “Archives de l'Orient Latin,” ii. p. 238.

page lviii note c P. 279, 1. 3. The word eis must refer to the Signory, who were owners of the galley.

page lix note a See note, p. lxxiv.

page lix note b See same note. From Venzone it seems that Wilbram, one of the chiel valets, and purveyor for the horses, went to Cividale, on the Austrian boundary of Friuli and fell sick there (pp. 210/30, 260/31). See p. 310.

page lx note a See note as to Chiehon, p. lxxv.

page lx note b Peter Heylin's “Cosmographie,” 1670, p. 120.

page lx note c “Venetian State Papers,” i. no. 108, “Archives de l'Or. Lat.,” ii., Documents, p. 239. See also Capgrave, Appx. B.

page lx note d P. 275,1. 18, where November is obviously an error for December.

page lx note e Antonio Vernieri, Doge from Oct., 1382—Nov., 1400.

page lxi note a See “Itineraries of W. Wey,” printed by the Roxburghe Club, pp. 52, 53.

page lxi note b Cf. the Computus of the English prior in 1328, and his remittances to the Bardi and Peruchi, “Hospitallers in England,” Camd. Soc., 1857, p. 219.

page lxi note c See note a, p. lxxvi.

page lxii note a This appears to be a place on the Lido, near the Hebrew burial gronnd, east of the city, on a map of Venice of 1540, which shows also two other chnrches of the name.

page lxii note b See before, p. liv.

page lxiii note a Reprinted by the Roxburghe Club, 1824.

page lxiv note a “Venetian State Papers,” i. no. 163. Two other English knights who visited Palestine in 1392 were William de Lisle, a king's gentleman who set oat early that year (French Roll, 16 Kich. II., m. 8), and Thomas de Swinburne, an ancestor of the poet of to-day, Mayor of Bordeaux, who sailed from Venice on 2 Sept., going by way of Alexandria, which he reached on 20 Oct. He was at Jerusalem from 11 to 17 Dec, 1392. See the narrative and expenses of this journey by his man, Thomas Brygg, printed in “Archives de l'Orient Latin,” ii., Doc.,p. 378. The only religious dues paid by this party were, on entering the Holy Sepulchre and coming out of it, six and a half ducats and a few grossi.

page lxv note a “Royal and Historical Letters of Henry IV.,” ed. F. C. Hingeston (Rolls Series), vol. i. pp. 421-2.

page lxv note b “Archives de l'Orient Latin,” ii, 275.

page lxv note c “History of London,” W. J. Loftie, 1883, ii. 146. As to the leo ard m the text, see pages in Index iii.

page lxvi note a The entry as to the parrot on p. 292 is puzzling. Almandia seems to mean Alemannia, but unless we consider that the Swiss may have been included under this name in the common language among the Savoyards—which is not impossible—there is no point along Derby's route homewards from Italy near enough to permit of the parrot being lost among them. On the other hand, if we take Thos. Dent's search to have been, not for a lost bird, but to fetch it, whether gift or purchase—the journey from any part of the route before Venice would have incurred more expense than the item gives.

page lxvi note b See Index i., Henry.

page lxvii note a “Archives de l'Orient Latin,” ii., Doc., 239 ; “Venetian State Papers,” i. no. 110.

page lxviii note a He was made duke in 1396, see p. 311.

page lxix note a See note, p. lxxviii.

page lxix note b On the “Atlas Historique de la France,” by Aug Longnon, “France in 1380” (livr. iii., 1889), Savoy is shown to extend at that period far into the present department of Ain, and though the northern boundary is not very clearly defined, Bage appears to be in Savoyard territory. The Rhone would therefore be far too easterly to have been the “water” of limitation referred to, which would seem here to have been the Saone. With the boundaries of Piedmont, Savoy, and Burgundy on that map, the rough groupings of items in the text (pp. 246-249) mainly agree.

page lxx note a Under date 1393, “Ce temps pendant, vint a Paris le filz au due de Lencastre veoir la noble cite au conduit des diz dues, oncles du roy de France.” “Chronique des Quatre premiers Valois,” ed. S. Luce, p. 335. This collocation is pointed out by Professor Tout.

page lxx note b Rymer, vii. p. 748.

page lxxi note a Rymer, vii., pp. 741, 752, 753, 766.

page lxxii note a Several of the dates on p. 274 are evidently wrong, especially 1. 8, Elbing, on Sept. 1 ; 1. 22, Schonec, on 15 Sept.; 1. 23, Landsberg, on 18 Sept. ; 1. 24, Zittau, on 20 Sept.

page lxxiii note a The date, 7 Oct., at Zittau, p. 188, if correct, may refer to purchases made by servants sent forward a day or two, belchere was paid on the 9th, the more probable date for Derby's presence there.

page lxxiii note b The date on p. 260, “Brounslowe,” 23 Oct., is evidently wrong, as shown by the direct statement of days at Prague, p. 190/29. The preceding item, Berne, is misplaced. There are so many mistakes in dates and names on this and the following page, that their testimony must be taken with caution, For instance, 10 Nov. is stated to be Sunday, and on p. 202 14th is said to be Saturday, and 15 November Sunday; none are, however, correct, the Sundays in November, 1392, falling on 9, 16, 23, and 30 days of the month.

page lxxiii note c Probably Bernau, a village near Saaz. Dr. Pauli identified it with Alt-Bernatitz; there are two villages of this name, one near Pilsen, tie other near Czaslau.

page lxxiii note d Identified by Dr. Pauli.

page lxxiv note a See note on these dates in Introduction, p. lvii.

page lxxiv note b I give the true Sundays here, not the erroneons days of the text. It would appear that the date, 18 Nov., at Feldkirch, p. 200, must certainly be wrong, the 16 Nov. is more likely to be right. If Friesack and St. Veit were reached on 15 Nov., Feldkirch, the next stage, would be gained on 16th, and at Klagenfurt (Stamford) Derby supped the same day (p. 202/24). For Villaeh, the next stage, two dates are mentioned, 17 Nov. is the nearest, on which day also Arnoldstein was reached. As the travellers must have arrived at Malburgeth next, before getting to Pontafel, where they supped on the 18th, we are forced to the conclusion that they were there on the morning of the 18th, instead of the 19th or 20th as variously given in the text. They might then reach Venzone (stated by a note of Dr. Pauli's to be the Italian name for Peusseldorf, and thus to be the place intended by Posidolfe) on the 19th, and San Daniele on the 20th—not on 22 Nov., as on p. 260.

page lxxiv note c Prandium; sometimes the word used is jantaculum, both I take to answer to the lunch or first meal of the day.

page lxxv note a On p. 260, 1. 30, next after Posilthorpe—which Pauli states to be Venzone (see last note)—we have “civitatem hostr,” which seems to be Civitas Austria or Cividale in Friuli (see Stubbs' ed. of Hoveden's Chronicle, iii., p. 195, note [Pauli], also Ferrarius, Lexic. Geog. s. v. Forum Julium). But it does not appear possible that Derby himself should have gone there if his next stages were San Daniele and Spillimbergo. We must explain the entry by supposing that one of his men went there, and another as to John Wilbram, sick at Guydel (p. 210), which I already take to be Cividale, confirms this view. This latter is not dated absolutely. Or was it here that the Patriarch entertained Derby one night, as shown in Kyngston's receipts ? The dates do not seem to allow of it.

page lxxv note b Between Spillimbergo and Conigliano lies Sacile, which no doubt is intended by the Cysele and Gisill of our text, but the date there given is 24 Nov., impossible if those given for Conigliano and Treviso are right Leaving Spillimbergo in the morning, the travellers seem to have crossed the Meduna, near Basaldella, then the Zellini, the stony beds of which, called Ghiarre on Vallardi's modern map, may perhaps be intended by the word Gecur (p. 203/16), thence to Sacile and Conigliano in one day is a long stretch, but the dates of the extremes are precise.

page lxxv note c Chichon I cannot identify ; it may be some place at or near Treviso ; the payment of “belchere” apparently indicates some place where Derby stayed. No belchere is set down for Treviso, where he seems to have stayed for a couple of days.

page lxxvi note a A map of La Frioul of 1778 (by Majeroni et Capellaris) gives the Lio del Cavallino, the point of land between the Lido and the mouth of the Piave river, also a small place called Lio Major at the north-east end of the Laguna of Venice. P. Heylyn's Cosmographie, 1670, p. 123, speaks of the forts or castles of Lio as on one of the openings in the Lido, near which ships lay at anchor. The word is a form of Lido from the latin litus, the d between vowels dropping out in the Venetian dialect.

page lxxvi note b The date, October 29, p. 210, must be a slip of the pen for November, as the “ibidem” in the sentence refers to Portogruaro. The same may be said of October, p. 211, 1. 7.

page lxxvi note c On p. 275, November 2 must be an error in the MS. for December 2.

page lxxvi note d From Venice to Zara, perhaps, occupied more than one day ; as the date at Zara is fixed, allowing two days from Venice, we get the 23rd as the probable date of departure.

page lxxvi note e It is singular that no dates were kept from the time Derby left Venice at the eud of December till he returned thither in March, with two exceptions, an item for oblations given at Zara on 25 Dec., and in February two items for money lost at play in the galley, but in what part of the voyage can only be approximately conjectured. (A few dates of wages in February were kept, pp. 267, 272.) In the few conjectural dates I have been guided by Wey's dates when he went the same voyage in 1458 ; from Venice to Jaffa took him four weeks and four days. See “Itineraries of William Wey,” Eoxburghe Club, 1857, p. 57.

page lxxvii note a The initial letter is badly formed, hence the error. This is the only mention of Verona, through which Derby must have passed.

page lxxvii note b The MS. has xxj Maii, but apparently the copyist should have written xvj ; it is clear that Derby was at Turin on 21 May, and would therefore probably have left Milan on 17 or 18 May

page lxxviii note a This place is spelt Fonanerte on Tavernier's map of 1630. The same map gives Riuolle for Rivoli; both forms are nearer to those of the accouuts.

page lxxviii note b The clerk who wrote out the accounts must have confused two places here ; La Chambre, passed on the way north from Aiguebelle, and Chambery, which lies halfway between Aiguebelle and Yenue. The confusion of dates on the four days' May 28-31, in the two accounts given on pp. 245-7 and 261, confirms this view : he took Chambour, Chamboury, and Chambourell to mean one place, viz., La Chambre, and having May 31 vacant he put in Floren (p. 261) from an item ten days further On. (I can find no place answering to the name Floren on this part of tbe route.) Chambery, from its situation and importance, must have been one of Derby's stations on either 30 or 31 May.

page lxxviii note c The Mont du Chat rises between Yenne and the Lac du Bourget. Derby seems to have crossed the Rhone at Yenne.

page lxxviii note d The stations between St. Rambert and Bagé are very uncertain ; I can only conjecture Pompinet to represent Pont d'Ain, a likely situation; bnt Fownteney and Breme remain unidentified.

page lxxviii note e See before, p. lxix.

page lxxviii note f Tournns (in Latin Trenochium) lies on the direct route between Bagé and Chalon-sur-Saône. The word in the MS. is contracted ; in the first instance the sign resembles that used for ra, while in the second it is plainly that signifying ur, and here Turnays ought to have been printed. The datss of the two entries, as in some other cases, do not exactly agree, but are sufficiently near; both must refer to the same place.

page lxxx note a Henry left two daughters, co-heiresses; Blanche, the younger, married John of Gaunt (died in 1369, her only son, our Derby, being but three years old) ; Matilda, the elder, married William of Bavaria, and died in 1362, when her estates fell to her sister Blanche and husband, John being created Duke of Lancaster.

page lxxxi note a Ramsay's. “Lancaster and York,” i., p. 158.

page lxxxi note b Mary died in 1394, the year after her husband returned from Palestine. The share of the Bohnn possessions which she brought him waa added to the Duchy of Lancaster by her son, Henry V., in 1414, Hot. Par. iv., p. 48b.

page lxxxi note c Doyle's “Official Baronage,” ii., p. 316.

page lxxxi note d See notes at end of the text, pp. 293-313, for details as to these and the other names above.

page lxxxii note a See pp. 300, 309.

page lxxxii note b This item givea the nearest date yet known for the birth of the “Good Duke Humphry.” See Ramsay's “Lancaster and York,” i. p. 159.

page lxxxii note c See before, p. xv., and p. xiii., note.

page lxxxii note d There was a Dampierre in Normandy and another in Champagne.

page lxxxii note e “Of the Duty and Office of an Herald,” 1605, printed at the end of “Guillim's Heraldry.”

page lxxxiv note a Harl. 6829, fo. 161, a. MS. of the I7th century, written before 1661. See T. Allen's “History of Lincoln,” ii.. p. 104.

page lxxxiv note b Ramsay's “Lancaster and York,” I., p. 159. In Levnthorpe's accounts too is an item for the expenses of two valets and a horse carrying €322 of the lord's money (evidently revenue) from Brecknock to Peterborough, ia October, 1392, i.e., while Derby was travelling. D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 5, fo. 10 b.

page lxxxiv note c See after, p. 293.

page lxxxiv note d John kept Christmas at Hertford in 1389 ; Ar. Collins' “Hist. of John of Gaunt,” London, 1740, p. 60. He had been living at Kenilworth Castle in 13-77. Walsingham, “Hist. Angl.,” Rolls, ed., i., p. 339.

page lxxxv note a See after note, p. 301.

page lxxxv note b They were both in London from 22 Nov. to 9 Feb. in 1396, as is shown by the waferer's wages. D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 6.

page lxxxv note c The reason for this is well shown in Grostete's “Rules for the Countess of Lincoln,” written 1241, which teaches how to arrange the sojourns, for so many weeks and according to the advantages of each manor, and so as not to overburden any. Rule 26, “Walter of Henley,” ed. Lamond, p. 145.

page lxxxv note d P. Thompson, “History and Antiquities of Boston,” 1856, pp. 55, 59.

page lxxxv note e Northumberland Household book, pp. vi., 50. When Henry IV., in the first year of his reign, separated the Duchy from the Crown possessions, he continued it under the administration of a chancellor and council, which it still retains. See 30th Report of the Deputy Keeper of Public Records, p. 1, et seq.; “Charters of the Duchy of Lancaster,” ed. Wm. Hardy, 1845, pp. 103, 138,142. The council, however, does not appear in the charters under this shape or name. It wonld be highly interesting to inquire into the composition of this council, probably formed of the chief officers of the duchy, and to compare it with the king's council of 1305. See F. W. Maitland's “Memoranda de Parliamento 1305” (Rolls Series), 1893, introd. pp. xxxvi., xlvii. ; and compare “Rolls of Parl.,” vol. iv., p. 176 b ; vol. v., pp. 383,384 a.

page lxxxvi note a D. of L., cl. 28, belle. 3, no. 4 (a roll).

page lxxxvi note b See pp. xlvii. Iv.

page lxxxvi note c Knighton (Twysden's ed.), p. 2677; Wakingham, “Hist. Angl.,” ii., p. 194.

page lxxxvii note a The 5d. was omitted in entering this balance in 1392-3. See pp. 149-131.

page lxxxvii note b “Britton,” edited by F. M. Nichols, 1865, Clar. Press, introd. xxvi. The chapters above referred to (lib. ii., c. 14-24) are not part of the Fleta chapters found in Walter of Henley (see ed. E. Lamond, 1890, Dr. W. Cunningham's Introd., xxxi., xxxii.), But the duties of the Steward in one of these last (cap. 72) should be considered in connection with other household officers.

page lxxxviii note a With valuable notes by John Topham, who refers to Fleta.

page lxxxviii note b See a curious Table of Expenses for seven specified years between 1539 and 1560, Add. MS. 27,449, fo. 1. An account of the officers and the fees due to each, earlier than Edward I., is given in “Liber Niger Scaccarii” (? Hen. II.), Hearne, 2nd ed., vol. i., pp. 341-359.

page lxxxviii note c It is to be traced, much amplified, in the valuable “Regulations for the Northumberland Household” of 1512, edited by Bp. Percy in 1827, who also refers to Fleta, and the resemblance between the households of the king and the nobility, and notes “the establishing a system of domestic economy” by our ancestors, Pref., pp. vi., ix.

page lxxxviii note d e.g. Loveney's accounts of Derby's Great Wardrobe. D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 1, Nos. 2 and 5 ; account of S. Bache, treasurer, ib. bdle. 3, no. 6.

page lxxxviii note e Wardrobe Accounts, p. 16.

page lxxxviii note f Chaucer Soc, ed. P. J. Furnivall, 1876, p. 6.

page lxxxviii note g “Collection of Household Ordinances,” Soe. of Antiquaries, 1790, pp.3, 56.

page lxxxix note a See “Durham Household Book,” Surtees Soc, 1844, Pref. pp. viii., ix.

page lxxxix note b “Swinfield's Household Expenses,” Camden Soc,. p. 3.

page lxxxix note c Harl. MS., p. 293, fo. 76 b ; this is evidently an abstract noted from the original account; it is printed in M. Gregson's “Portfolio of Fragments,” 3rd ed., 1869, p. 44.

page lxxxix note d “Household Ord.” as before, pp, 87-105.

page lxxxix note e Ibid. p. 98-101. There is also an estimate of a year's expenses.

“Household Ord.,” p. 93.

page xc note a “Household Ord.,” pp. 98, 99.

page xc note b See before, pp. xlv, lii.

page xc note c Selden's Fleta, lib. ii., caps. 14-21.

page xci note a D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 3, no. 6. This account is kept in the same fashion as Kyngston's, being literally a journal of items, run-on exactly like his, with two days' items in a page and the sum at the bottom of each page. Many of the same names of domestics occur in both.

page xci note b Vols. i., 463a ; iii., 7b, 38a.

page xci note c Those who accompanied him on the journeys are indicated by the asterisk ; Iievnthorpe went to Calais in 1390 (p. 125). See notes at end of the text (pp. 293-313) for details as to many of the above.

page xcii note a I have not found any traces of the marshal of the hall, a distinct officer. Perhaps one of these acted as his substitute abroad. All early household books mention this necessary officer. It was John Russell, “marshal in hall” to Derby's son, Humphry duke of Gloucester, who, about 1440-50, wrote the famous rhyming “Boke of Nurture,” which tells so much about life in the hall and the chamber, and the duties of the officers in his days. See this in “The Babees Book,” ed. F. J. Furnivall, 1868, Early Eng. Text Soc, p. 115.

page xcii note b Although called “clericus domini” (p. 5), Haver occupied but a subordinate position, as is proved by the rate of his wages, those of a valet of the chamber (p. 126) ; his duties seem to have been to write out the daily bills or parcellœ, and he was sent after Lord Thomas Percy, apparently for a debt, for his fare from Dover to Calais (skippagium), in the early summer of 1390. He was with Derby at Calais in June, 1390, then again in England, and in August must have been in Prussia, but not on the reysa (p. 130). In the winter of 1390, we hear of his death and burial at Königsberg (p. 111) , which must have occurred before 9 Feb., when Derby left that city.

page xcii note c Henry gave alms frequently on his journeys, as was the general custom, through various hands, yet the name of his almoner or of the office occurs but once (p. 273/4), and then only as “dominus Johannis,” which I take to he equivalent to his title as a priest. I have not found this officer in other accounts, and do not know his second name ; his duty would be to gather up the remnants from dishes and tables to be given away to the poor, for which baskets or buckets were provided ; also to distribute old horses, cloths, and money. Fleta., lib. ii., cap. 23 ; see also Grostete's “Eules for the Countess of Lincoln's Household,” in “Walter of Henley,” ed. Lamond, pp. 135, 139, and cf. the Clarence Ordinances, pp. 89, 90.

page xciii note a Sometimes this is found under the Spicery.

page xciii note b The Ewery was a side-board in the hall at which the company washed hands before sitting down to meat. See “Old English Cookery,” in the Quarterly Review, Jan., 1894, p. 86.

page xciii note c Besides Master William Cook, at the pay of an esquire, 7d. or 8d. per day, two other cooks occur, William Putter and William Kikkeley, at 4d. and 3d. a day, as well as casual cooks and a page or serving man, Henry. Gifts were given to waferers, or makers of wafers, a dainty sweet, at Königsherg, in January, 1390-1 (p. 109).

page xcv note a D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 1, no. 2, fo. 2.

page xcvi note a After Edward III.'s time the officers were allowed by degrees “to chose and suffer suche yonge apt persones to lerne to serve and to help the yomen and groomes,” and these pages had acquired a recognised status by 1461. “Household Ordinances,” p. 65. We see a few in Derby's household, in the kitchen, &c.

page xcvi note b Henks-men, Henx-men, or Hench-men were, it seems, minors, sometimes wards, boys or orphans of gentle family who were placed under the care of a king, noble, or gentleman to be brought up in his household, usually with their own special attendant; their wardrobe and other expenses being provided by their guardian. See “Household Ordinances,” Soc. Ant., pp. 44, 45, “Edward II.'s Ordinances,” Chaucer Soc, pp. x., 17, § 25, “Babee's Book,” p. ii., and “Notes and Queries,” Ser. 7, iii., p. 312, where Canon Jackson prints an account of 1452, and ib. Ser. 8, iii., p. 194. The earliest instances of the word hitherto remarked are those recently pointed out from Wardrobe Accounts of 1378-9, 1400, 1420, &c. in “Notes and Queries,” Ser. 8, vol. iii., pp. 389, 478. To which may be added, besides those in our text, another in Loveney's Wardrobe Account for 14 and 15 Ric. II. (1391-2), where we have Bernard, Walter, and yonge, Derby's henksmen. D. of L., cl. 28 bdle. 1, no. 2, fo. 10 v°.

page xcvii note a They had gowns of russet, rayed with blood and tan cloth, in 1391. (Loveney's Waidrobe Accounts, D. of L., cl. 28, bdle. 1, no. 2, fo. 4v°.) It may be re-called that the Lancasters owned Tutbury, where a large society of musicians or “minstrels” held a yearly court on 15 Aug., with sports, having a king and four assistants, whose object seems to have been to promote and encourage skill in good music in the five counties of Stafford, Warwick, Derby, Leicester, and Nottingham. John of Gaunt, in 1380, gave them a charter, with certain privileges over members of their profession. See Plot's Staffordshire, 1686, pp. 435-440. Perhaps Derby drew his band from these men.

page xcvii note b The upper valets appear to have been gentlemen of good family, though probably not, as in the days of Bracton, “the young heirs that were to be knighted, were comprehended under the title of Valetti,” as Selden recalls ; perhaps they were coming down a little in the social scale, though we see Chaucer both valet and esquire between 1367 and 1373 (Furnivall's Preface to “Bdw. II.'s Ordinances,” p. xii., Chaucer Soc), for as Selden points out, under Statute 23 Henry VI., c. 14, (1444), the valet was excepted from those who were capable of being made knights, and therefore could not be chosen knight of the shire, “Titles of Honour,” 1631, p 831.

page xcviii note a Numismatists and manuals naturally concern themselves more with the actual coins than with the written signs of their currency ; I have had considerable difficulty in identifying some signs in these accounts, and must beg indulgence if I have fallen into error. I beg to express my thanks for kind hints and assistance on these points to Dr. H. Dannenberg of Berlin, M. J. Delaville le Roulx, M. Prou of the Cabinet des Medailles, Paris, and Mr. C. W. C. Oman of Oxford.

page xcix note a This was still the value of the English noble in 1399, “Treszlerbuch,” quoted in Vossberg, p. 76.

page xcix note b Theo. Hirsch, “Handels und Gewerbsgeschichte,” p. 240.

page xcix note c F. A. Vossberg, “Gesehichte der Preussische Miinzen,” Berlin, 1843, p. 83 ; Hirsch, as above, p. 241.

page c note a “Numismatique da Moyen Age,” 1890, torn, ii , p. 128.

page c note b “Wegweise der Milnzkunde des Konigreichs Preussen,” 1865, p. 15.

page c note c Apparently a contraction of pfennigen-augen.

page c note d “Handwörterbuch der gesammten Münzkunde;” Nachtrag, Berlin, 1815, pp. 137, 138.

page ci note a “Preussen Mtinzen,” p. 76. See also Hirsch, as before, p. 243 ; he, however, takes Finkenaugen to be a place.

page ci note b Mr. Oman, however, inclines to think, with Dannenberg and Menadier, that the mark f. is the mark of pfennige, not of the finkenaugen.

page cii note a These appea to resemble the Bohemian money in value ; in one note the scribe calls the sum paid in Austria “moneta boemici,” p. 203.

page cii note b The piccolo of the Italian states, answering broadly to the grossus of the German countries, is only represented in these accounts by the pichon or picchione of Milan.

page cii note c In nearly every north Italian state 12 den. = 1 soldo, 20 soldi = 1 lira. Schmieder, “Handworterbuch der gesammten Miinzkunde,” p. 427.

page cii note d In the reign of Michele Steno. “Coins of Venice,” Antiquary, vol. 9, p. 253. See the same writer's “Coinage of the European Continent,” 1893, p. 184.

page ciii note a In Zanetti, tom, iv., pp. 353, 361·2.

page ciii note b N. Papadopoli, “Del Piccolo e del Bianco, antichissime monete Veneziane,” Venezia, 1887, p. 9.

page ciii note c Other pages, 229, 277, 278 note (where the grossi are gr. sic), 283. The gros siccet appears to be the gigliato struck by the Turkish emirs of Asia Minor, a Latin coin copying the gigliato of Naples and intended for circulatioa among both Christian and Turkish ports of the Levant Analogous to the grossus, it was distinguished by the addition of sikket, the Arab word for coin or mintage. Another suggestion is that siccez = sieuli, and that this was a name for the gigliati of the kings of Naples and Sicily, reges Sicilce, or for the gigliati struck in Rhodes in imitation of them by Villeneuve (1319-1346). About this date two aspres = one gigliato (Schlumberger, “Num de l'Or. Lat.” p. 240) ; in our account 28 aspers = 18 grossi siccez (p. 289), showing the gros. sic. to be worth 1⅝ aspers. The asper is a well-known Turkish coin. There is one instance of the half gros. sic. (p. 225, 1. 20 and note), which may refer to the demi-gigliato.

page ciii note d According to Schlumberger 1½ gigliati or 3 aspres were worth 1 besant. “Numismatique,” p. 240. P. Lambros states that excepting in Cyprus no besants were struck, and that in Rhodes and elsewhere the besant was only a money of account, “Monnaies inedites de G. M, de Rhodes,” Paris, 1877, p. 9.

page civ note a Printed in Argelatus, “De monetis Raise,” 1750, tom, iii., p. 59.

page civ note b “Delle Monete di Verona,” in Gf. A. Zanetti's “Nuova Bacolta” (in continuation of Argelatus), 1786, tom, iv., p. 327 note, col. 2.

page civ note c G. Schlumberger, “Numismatique de l'Orient Latin,” 1878, pp. 181, 182.

page civ note d C. Doneda, “Delle Monete di Brescia,” Zanetti, tom, iv., pp, 417, 418.

page cvii note a Engelhard Rabe.

page cvii note b The German knights always claimed the exclusive right of carrying St. George's banner ; in 1364 they would not permit a party of English crusaders to bear it. Wigand von Marburg, Scrip, rer. Pruss. ii., p. 544 and note [Pauli].

page cvii note c Trappöhnen on the river Memel.

page cix note a This account agrees in many respects with the official report, sent by Conrad of Crallenrod, Grand Commander, to the king of the Romans, printed by Voigt, “Codex Diplomaticus Prussicus,” iv., n. 80 [Pauli].

page cix note b i.e. Wilna.

page cix note c John de Loudeham, see pp. 23, 143, 303.

page cix note d “Castrum Vilne non muratum,” Ann, Torun; “das obirste hus,” John von Posilge.

page cix note e A brother of Jagello, baptized as Kasimir.

page cix note f The river Wilia.

page cix note g A relative of Witowd, duke of Samogitia.

page cx note a See Charter of Jagello (Wladislav II.) dated Dec. 4, 1390, to Clemens of Mostorzow, Vice-chancellor of Poland, who had defended Wilna, SS. rer. Pruss., ii., p. 643 note.

page cx note b Wennemar of Bruggenoie, master of Livonia.