page 151 note 1. Warwickshire Record Office, CR 136, B602. The text is reproduced by kind permission of Lord Daventry.

page 151 note 2. Nichols, J.G., ‘The Origin and Early History of the Family of Newdegate’, Surrey Archaeological Collections, vi (1874), 227–67Google Scholar; Lincoln's Inn Admissions (2 vols., 1896), i. 79, 160–3, 176. 183, 261–347Google Scholar; P.W. Hasler ed., The House of Commons 1558–1603 (3 vols., 1981), iii, 125–9.Google Scholar

page 151 note 3. W. Sterry ed., Eton College Register 1441–1698; C.H. Cooper ed., Athenae Cantabrigienses (2 vols., 1858–1861), ii, 12Google Scholar; Dictionary of National Biography. The background to his move to Warwickshire is detailed in Larminie, V.M., The Godly Magistrate: The Private Philosophy and Public Life of Sir John Newdigate, 1571–1610Google Scholar, Dugdale Society, Occasional Paper 28 (Oxford, 1982), 3–4.

page 152 note 4. Larminie, Godly Magistrate, passim, and ‘Marriage and the Family: The Example of the Seventeenth Century Newdigates’, Midland History, ix (1984), 4–5.Google Scholar

page 152 note 5. ibid.

page 152 note 6. WRO, CR 136, B311.

page 152 note 7. William Whitehall of Staffordshire, ‘pleb.’, was admitted to Brasenose in Feb. 1588, the month after Newdigate: Brasenose College Register (Oxford Historical Society iv, 1910), 73Google Scholar. He was entered on the register of the university 23 Feb. 1588 with William Newdigate of ‘Middl. arm.’, probably a mistake for John: A. Clark ed., Register of the University of Oxford, ii (OHS x–xii, 1887–1888), pt ii, 162Google Scholar. Later he was described as a gentleman (e.g. WRO, CR 136, C371 & C2230) and by Lady Newdigate as ‘my now servant’ (WRO, CR 136, C1915). For the Whitehall family see: Collections for a History of Staffordshire, v (William Salt Archaeological Society, 1884–5), ii 305–7Google Scholar; J. Foster ed., Alumni Oxonienses 1500–1714 (4 vols, 1891–1892), iv.Google Scholar

page 152 note 8. A trustee of Sir John's estates since 1603, he was named as a co-guardian with Lady Newdigate of the children, but seems not to have exercised this function in practice until after her death: WRO, CR 136, B311, B1025–6, B1270, B1320d, C1915.

page 152 note 9. WRO, CR 136, C1915.

page 152 note 10. Alumni Oxon., iv; WRO, CR 136 B312 (letter of recommendation) and B593–600 (account books recording salary).

page 153 note 11. WRO, CR.136, B600.

page 153 note 12. Blakiston, H.E.D., Trinity College (Oxford College Histories, 1898), 83Google Scholar; Alumni Oxon., ii; Coll. Hist. Staffs., v, part ii, 305–7Google Scholar; Oxfordshire Record Office, MS Wills Oxon., 132/1/10 William Hollins (1634); Trinity College Archives, ‘Computi Bursariorum, 1600–1631’, n.p. (I am grateful to the President and follows of the college for allowing me to consult this source and to the archivist, Mrs Clare Hands, for her assistance.)

page 153 note 13. Blakiston, , Trinity College, 100–27.Google Scholar

page 153 note 14. Alumni Oxon., iv; Bodleian Library, MS Ballard 46, fo. 85; Wood, A., Athenae Oxon. (3rd edn., ed. P. Bliss, 4 vols., 1813–1820), iv, 842Google Scholar; Skinner, A.M., Memorials of Robert Skinner (1866)Google Scholar. He was also paid for lectures 1618–20: Trinity MS, ‘Computi Busariorum’.

page 153 note 15. Gilbert Sheldon (1598–1674) matriculated from Trinity in 1614, proceeded B.A. in 1617, M.A. May or June 1620: DNB; Alumni Oxon., iv. His letters (1621–6) to John Newdigate and (1650–66) to Richard, and his long-standing relationship with the family is discussed in V.M. Larminie, ‘The Lifestyle and Attitudes of the 17th Century Gentleman, with Special Reference to the Newdigates of Arbury Hall, Warwickshire’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Birmingham, 1980), 321–7.

page 154 note 16. R.J. Fletcher ed., The Pension Book of Gray's Inn 1521–1889 (1901)Google Scholar; Foss, E., A Biographical Dictionary of the Judges of England (1870), 479Google Scholar; Campbell, J., The Lives of the Chief Justices (1849), 443–6Google Scholar. Richard's career is discussed in Larminie, ‘Marriage and the Family’, 7–8.

page 154 note 17. Students Admitted to the Inner Temple 1571–1625 (1868), 150Google Scholar; F.A. Inderwick ed., A Calendar of Inner Temple Records (2 vols., 1896), 123Google Scholar; R.C.Johnson, M.F. Keeler, M.J. Cole and W.B. Bidwell eds., Commons Debates 1628 (4 vols., Yale, 1977–1978), i, 20–7, 59Google Scholar; S.C. Ratcliff and H.C. Johnson eds., Quarter Sessions Order Book: Easter 1625 to Trinity 1637 (Warwick County Records i, 1935), pp. xxii, 154, 234.Google Scholar

page 154 note 18. WRO, CR 136, B602.

page 155 note 19. For the Fitton family see: Earwaker, J.P., East Cheshire: Past and Present (2 vols., 1887–1880)Google Scholar, passim; B.E. Harris ed., VCH Cheshire (Oxford, 1979), ii, 102Google Scholar; DNB; A.E. Newdigate-Newdegate, Gossip From a Muniment Room (1897)Google Scholar, passim; Larminie, , Godly Magistrate, 5Google Scholar and ‘Marriage and the Family’, 5.Google Scholar

page 156 note 20. The Visitations of the County of Surrey … 1530, 1572 and 1623, ed. W.B. Bannerman (Harleian Soc. xliii, 1899), 188–9Google Scholar; WRO, CR 136, B510–1 (his letters to Lady Newdigate).

page 156 note 21. WRO, CR 136, B826b, C1913, C1915 (Paget) and CR 136, 6173–4 (Grey).

page 156 note 22. See e.g.: Costello, W.T., The Scholastic Curriculum of Early 17th Century Cambridge (Harvard, 1958)Google Scholar; Curtis, M.H., Oxford and Cambridge in Transition 1558–1642 (Oxford, 1959)Google Scholar; Stone, L., ‘The Education Revolution in England, 1540–1640’, Past and Present, 28 (1964), 41–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Charlton, K., Education in Renaissance England (1965)Google Scholar; Prest, W., The Inns of Court Under Elizabeth I and the Early Stuarts (1972)Google Scholar. These and more recent views are discussed in Looney, J., ‘Undergraduate Education at Early Stuart Cambridge’, History of Education, xi (1981), 9–19CrossRefGoogle Scholar; O'Day, R., Education and Society 1500–1800 (1982).Google Scholar

page 157 note 23. e.g. McConica, J. ed., The History of the University of Oxford III: The Collegiate University (Oxford, 1986), passim.Google Scholar

page 157 note 24. WRO, CR 136, B338a (letter to John in London, 21 Aug. 1620).

page 158 note 25. Cf. O'Day, Education and Society, 113Google Scholar; Hist. Univ. Oxon. III, 695.Google Scholar

page 158 note 26. Cf. Knafla, L.A., ‘The Law Studies of an Elizabethan Student’, Huntington Library Quarterly, xxxii (1969), 221–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 161 note 1. Gee was a Newdigate tenant in Griffe and Chilvers Colon, Warwickshire: WRO, CR 136, A20 and B595–600 (account books).

page 161 note 2. Where the Newdigate sisters were staying with Thomas Salter: see below.

page 161 note 3. The Wheatsheaf Inn in Sheaf Street, built c.1610, was at the junction of roads to London, Oxford, Northampton and Coventry: Pevsner, N., The Buildings of England: Northamptonshire (1973), 175Google Scholar; Mee, A., The King's England: Northamptonshire (1975), 105.Google Scholar

page 161 note 4. This inn, in the parish of St Mary Magdalen, appears in H.E. Sailer's list of inns and signs, Oxford City Properties (OHS, 1926), 413–5Google Scholar, but is not mentioned in his Survey of Oxford, ed. W.A. Panlin (OHS, xiv and xx, 1960 and 1969).

page 161 note 5. Figure blolled out.

page 161 note 6. Dimidium i.e. half.

page 162 note 7. Smudged.

page 162 note 8. Marginal note ‘13–13/0’, i.e. disbursed on 13 Oct.?

page 162 note 9. Following word crossed out. An account of college servants is given by C.J. Hammer Jr in Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 77.Google Scholar

page 162 note 10. Q. Horatii Flacci poemata omnia doctissimus schohis illustrata. (lunii luvenahs satyrae. Auli Persii satyrae.) (1574), or a later edition: A.W. Pollard and G.R. Redgrave, A Short Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland and Ireland … 1475–1640, 2nd edn., revised by W.A.Jackson, F. S. Ferguson and K.F. Pantzer, (3 vols., 1976–1986), no. 13784 13795–5 am indebted to Mr Paul Morgan for his help in identifying this, and subsequent, book purchases.

page 163 note 11. Possibly an edition of C. Plinii Secundi Epistolae, cum Annotationib. Joh. Mariae Catanei (Geneva; Venice, 1519; Paris, 1533), recommended by Oxford tutors in the mid 17th century: de Jordy, A. and Fletcher, H.F. eds., A Library for Younger Schollers (University of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1961), 10, 127.Google Scholar

page 163 note 12. Articles whereupon it was agreed by the archbishops and bishops … 1562, of which there were many editions: e.g. STC 10048 (1612), 10049 (1616). They were probably bought as part of preparation for matriculation: Mallet, C.E., A History of the University of Oxford (3 vols., 1924), ii, 121–2.Google Scholar

page 163 note 13. A refundable contribution to the common purse. Among receipts noted in 1618 by the bursars, Richard Brooke and Laurence Alcocke, were Johanne Nudigat (£5) — the highest rate – and Richardo Nudigat (£3): Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’. This source records the refund of £8 in 1619; it was entered in the Newdigate account in Nov. 1620, see part ii, fo. 12.

page 163 note 14. A registration fee, giving entrance to lectures? The brothers were not entered on the register of the university until 6 Nov. 1618: A. Clark ed., Registratum Universitalis Oxon II (OHS, x-xii, 1887–8), part ii, 372. For fees see G.E. Aylmer in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 555.Google Scholar

page 163 note 15. P. Ovidius Naso, Metamorphosis, many editions, but possibly STC 18952.3 (1612) or 18952.4 (1617).

page 163 note 16. Probably an edition of Epithelorum Joann. Ravisii Textoris epitome, ex Hadr. jfunii medici recognitione. Accesserunt Synonymapoetica, locupletoria (1579), STC 20762.5, or possibly the school text edition of 1617, STC 20763.7.

page 163 note 17. The following indented items were all bought by John Newdigate according to marginal bracket and note.

page 163 note 18. The Newdigate sisters' host at Daventry.

page 163 note 19. This might be either an edition of Aesop (whose fables in Greek and Latin were, however, purchased later, fo. 8v.) e.g. STC 169–72.4, or even G. Gascoyne, A hundreth sundrie flowres, bounde up in one smallposie (1573), STC 11635 or (1575), STC i 1643a.

page 164 note 20. Sir Isaac Wake, Rex Platonicus: sine, de.… Jacobi regis, ad academiam Oxoniemem, adventu, narratio, most likely the 3rd edn. (Oxford, 1615), STC 24940. For James I's visit to Oxford in 1607, which is described here, see Mallet, , Hist. Univ. Oxon. ii, 230–33.Google Scholar

page 164 note 21. Possibly related to her marriage negotiations: see below.

page 164 note 22. Home of the Newdigates' aunt, Mary Fitton, and her husband John Lougher: see Introduction.

page 164 note 23. Word crossed out.

page 164 note 24. The Newdigates had a long-running lawsuit with the Gifforde family over the purchase of land near Arbury: see below fos. 3, 19v. and WRO, CR 136, 8159–162. The Giffords had some rights in the local manors of Griffe and Chilvers Colon at this period: Salzman, L.F. ed., VCH Warwickshire iv (Oxford, 1947), 175–6.Google Scholar

page 164 note 25. Arbury Hall was on the site of the dissolved Erdbury Priory, and was often referred to by the old name: see also VCH Warws., iv, 175.Google Scholar

page 164 note 26. The inn in Market Street, Oxford: Salter, Survey of Oxford, i, 15–16.Google Scholar

page 164 note 27. Apparently intended here in the sense of ‘steward’.

page 164 note 28. The following indented items were all bought by Peter Olyffe, the Newdigate brothers' manservant, according to a marginal note and bracket.

page 165 note 29. The following indented items were also bought by Peter according to marginal note.

page 165 note 30. Cheeses were produced in large quantities on the Arbury estate and often despatched long distances: Larminie, ‘Lifestyle and Attitudes’, 60, 64; J. Thirsk ed., Agrarian History of England and Wales, iv (1967), 94.Google Scholar

page 165 note 31. A maidservant responsible for the brothers' chambers: see below.

page 165 note 32. Windows were rarely glazed and the chambers likely to be damp and cold: J. Neuman and J. McConica in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 628, 646.Google Scholar

page 166 note 33. Probably C. Stephanus (Charles Estienne), Dictionarium historicum et poeticum (1561 etc.), a copy of which was bought later for the same price: see part ii, fo. 18v.

page 166 note 34. The following indented items, according to marginal bracket, were bought by Rode. Thomas Rode (d.1634), citizen and skinner, of ‘the sign of the crown near St Martin's steps’, had married a niece of William Whitehall, and was prominent in a network of Whitehall's Staffs., Oxon. and London kin which supplied the Newdigates with goods and services in the early lyth century: WRO CR 136, 63383, 6521–5, 8565, 81032, 6595–630 (account books); Public Record Office, PRO6 11/165 fo. 18 (Rode's will); Coll. for a Hist, of Staffs., V, ii, 249–50, 305–7.Google Scholar

page 166 note 35. Among the ‘friends’ who were recipients of mourning rings in Rode's will: PRO, PROB 11/165 fo. 18.

page 166 note 36. Marginal note, preceded by an entry subsequently struck through: ‘Received <alow this xxiis.> of Sir Henry Sutton £1 2s.; <paid in goulde> Item of my cosen Whithall £4.’ Rents on this page are from Middlesex estates only.

page 167 note 37. ?Margaret Henshawe, Whitehall's neice, a servant at Arbury: WRO, CR136, B519 and B526 (letters from Whitehall).

page 167 note 38. Alice Stanley, wife of Lord Chancellor Thomas Egerton, who lived at Harefield Place, the Newdigates' former Middlesex seat, from where she extended hospitality to the Newdigates and others: WRO, CR 136, 8595–601 (account books); F.R. Fogle, ‘Such a Rural Queen’: The Countess Dowager of Derby as Patron', in F.R. Fogle and L.A. Knafla, Patronage in Late Renaissance England (Univ. of California, Los Angeles, 1983), 3–29.Google Scholar

page 167 note 39. James Tooke, feodary of London and Middlesex (member of a Hertfordshire office-holding family), was in receipt of rent due to the king from John Newdigate's land in the county during his minority. The exhibition was money allowed to the ward for maintenance. See Bell, H.E., An Introduction to the History and Records of the Court of Wards and Liveries (Cambridge, 1958), 25Google Scholar; Hurstfield, J., The Queen's Wards: Wardship and Marriage under Elizabeth I (1958), 85.Google Scholar

page 168 note 40. As Whitehall makes clear, these lines were inserted later.

page 168 note 41. Brackenborough tenants: see previous page.

page 168 note 42. Sir Francis Gofton (d.1628), auditor of the Imprests: Aylmer, G.E., The King's Servants: the Civil Service of Charles I (1974), 78Google Scholar. Nuneaton Rectory was part of Anne, Lady Newdigate's dowry and jointure, now reverting to John Newdigate and hence occasioning the business in the Court of Wards described below: WRO, CR 136, C6703 and C1054–9.

page 169 note 43. The herriot due on the death of Lady Newdigate, July 1618: see Introduction.

page 169 note 44. James Ley (d.1629), attorney from 1608 and author of a tract on the court and a collection of the cases heard before it. He was created baronet July 1619 and thereafter became Chief Justice of King's Bench, Lord Treasurer, Lord Ley (1626), Earl of Marlborough, Speaker of the Lords and President of the Council: D.N.B.; Aylmer, , King's Servants, 39, 61, 88–9, 320Google Scholar; Bell, , Court of Wards, 24, 68, 89Google Scholar. A 1623 commission of inquiry into fees found that the attorney was due 10s. for signing schedules (i.e. inventories of wards' property): Bell, 194.

page 169 note 45. This is in accordance with the official rate: Bell, 194.

page 169 note 46. Henry Newdigate (1581–1629) of Ashted, Surrey, step-brother of Sir John Newdigate: see Nichols, J.G., ‘The Family Newdegate’, 239–40Google Scholar and Introduction.

page 169 note 47. ?Richard Randall of Stoke in Coventry, town clerk and coroner of the city 1614–36: W.B. Stephens ed., VCH Warws., viii, (1969), 267Google Scholar. Two better known Warws. feodaries, Humphrey Colles of Hampton in Arden and Edward Chamberlain of Astley Castle, also appear in the account book. For them see: Bell, Court of Wards, 40Google Scholar; p. Styles, Sir Simon Archer: A Lover of Antiquities and of the Lovers Thereof (Dugdale Society, Occasional Paper 6, 1946), 24.Google Scholar

page 169 note 48. Cousin of Lady Newdigate and ‘servant to the Lord Carewe’ mentioned in her will: WRO, CR 136, C1915. Her brother of the same name had been created baronet Oct. 1617: Burke, J., Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland (2nd edn., 1844), 198.Google Scholar

page 169 note 49. The official fee for signing decrees was 20s.: Bell, , Court of Wards, 193Google Scholar. The clerk's fee for ‘penning’ (cf. below) was normally 2s..

page 169 note 50. Chilvers Colon, Warws., in Newdigate hands since 1610 and until 1618 part of Lady Newdigate's jointure: WRO, CR 136, 01045. The escheator's inquisition, taken after her death, was returned to Chancery, where it passed to the clerks of the Petty Bag, who transcripted it into the Court of Wards: see Bell, Court of Wards, 74–5.Google Scholar

page 170 note 51. Hugh Audley of the Inner Temple (d.:662), private moneylender and from June 1618 clerk, with Richard Chamberlain of Shirburn, Oxon., of the Court of Wards: D.N.B.; Aylmer, Civil Service of Charles I, 90, 384Google Scholar; Bell, , Court of Wards, 28–9, 35, 38Google Scholar etc. He was here officially entering the decree.

page 170 note 52. According to the accountant's normal usage the abbreviation should be thus expanded, but the meaning is unclear: cf.Bell, Court of Wards, 190–205.Google Scholar

page 170 note 53. Presumably emanating from the escheator: cf. ibid., 72.

page 170 note 54. William West, author of a precedent book, Symboleagraphy: Bell, , Court of Wards, 90–1Google Scholar. For Gifford see above fo. iv.

page 170 note 55. Probably Whitehall's niece, Margaret Henshawe: see above, fo. 2v.

page 170 note 56. Mary Newdigate (1598–1643), eldest sister of John and Richard, married in Jan. 1620: it seems possible that the gold had some connection with courtship.

page 170 note 57. Lettice Newdigate (1604–25), the second sister; an Edward Wormall wrote from Austin Friars to ‘his friend’ John Newdigate at Trinity college in June 1619: WRO, CR136, B533.

page 170 note 58. George Ashton, mercer: see below, and WRO, CR136, B1037 (bill 1619) and 6565 (T. Rode to W. Whitehall, 1624).

page 170 note 59. Anne Newdigate (1607–37), third and youngest sister.

page 170 note 60. Probably William Coles of Herts., ‘pleb.’, who matriculated at Trinity, May 1619, and was of Gray's Inn 1621; there was no Robins at Trinity, but George Roberts of Oxfordshire, ‘pleb.’, matriculated from there also May 1619: Reg. Univ. Oxon., II, part ii, 375.

page 170 note 61. According to a marginal note and bracket, the following indented items were purchased from Mr Beale. Nick or Mr Beale occur elsewhere in the account as suppliers of hats. Richard Beale, merchant, of Dowegate ward, was recorded in the 1634 visitations: The Visitation of London 1633, 1634 and 1635, ed. J.J. Howard and J.L. Chester (Harleian Society xc, 1880), 57.Google Scholar

page 171 note 62. According to marginal note the indented items form one bill, from either Richard Whitehall of Ouldbury, Warws. (PRO, PROB 11/183, fo. 94), or perhaps more likely, William's nephew Richard, brother-in-law of Thomas Rode, who is mentioned in the wills of both (PROB 11/165, fo. 18; PROB 11/173, fo. 23).

page 171 note 63. Ralph Kettell, President of Trinity College: see Introduction.

page 171 note 64. This could be the edition of Francis Bacon, Essayes. Religious meditations. (1597) Arbury Hall, STC 1137–5, or a later enlarged edition, e.g. of 1620, STC 1144.

page 172 note 65. 6 Nov. 1618: Reg. Univ. Oxon., II, part ii, 372. As Aylmer concludes (in McConica ed., Hist. Univ. Oxon. iii, 552–3Google Scholar), bedells and others were making money from their offices: the brothers, as sons of a knight, should have paid 3s. 4d. each, unless John was being charged in his own right as an esquire.

page 172 note 66. Probably a painting or engraving. David was a popular subject for later illus trations, e.g. see M. Corbett and M. Norton eds., Engraving in England in the 16th and 17th Centuries iii: The Reign of Charles I (Cambridge, 1964)Google Scholar, passim. Unfortunately there is no subject index to its companion vol., ii: The Reign of James I, ed. Hind, A.M. (Cambridge, 1955).Google Scholar

page 172 note 67. Probably a book: J.J. Orlers and H. de Haestans, The Triumphs of Nassau [i.e. Maurice, Prince of Orange], trans. W. Shute (1613), STC 17676. The House of Orange was also a popular subject for engravings: Engraving in England, ii and iii.

page 172 note 68. S. Purchas, Purchas his Pilgrimage. Or the relations of the world and the religions observed in all ages (1613), STC 20505, or a later edition.

page 172 note 69. Thomas Salter, a former bailiff of Daventry and the Newdigate sisters' host, enjoyed a close relationship with the Newdigates in the 1610s and 1620s: ‘I presume’, he wrote to John Newdigate in March 1622/3, ‘vou are persuaded that I, both truly, and unfeignedly, owe you much love, service and respect, therefore I am bold the more to express myself (WRO, CR 136, 6457). His wife Nan was a beneficiary under Lady Newdigate's will: WRO, CR136, C1915. Which ‘cosen’ is referred to here is not clear. The three most likely are Francis Hollenshed, another former bailiff of Daventry, Edward Hollins of Swerford and his brother William. Hollenshed: see WRO, CR 136, B1031 (Rode to Whitehall), B1022 (letter and bill, 1607). Hollins: see Introduction.

page 173 note 70. Since, as far as is known, Whitehall had no cousin called Parsons, this looks like an early use of the title for a clergyman, in this case probably William Hollins B.D., of Swerford.

page 173 note 71. James Whitehall (c. 1580–1645), M.A., nephew of the accountant and a trustee of the Newdigate estates, graduate of Christ Church and rector-elect of Checkley, Staffs.: WRO, CR136, C2230–3; H.S. Grazebrook ed., ‘Visitations of Staffordshire’, Coll. for a Hist, of Staffs., V, ii, 305–7Google Scholar, and W. N. Landor, ‘Staffordshire Incumbents and Parochial Records’, ibid., (unnumbered, 1915), 58–9; O'Day, Education and Society, 32.

page 173 note 72. Elizabeth, daughter of John Hollins of Swerford: Landor, Staffs. Incumbents, 59.Google Scholar

page 174 note 73. Penelope Tonstall or Tunstal, daughter of Walter Leveson of Lilleshall, Salop, and wife of John Tonstall of Edgcombe, Surrey: see Introduction and Hart, W.H. and Howard, J.J. eds., ‘Genealogical and Heraldic Memoranda relating to the county of Surrey’, Surrey Archaeological Collections, ii (1858), 16.Google Scholar

page 174 note 74. Robert Skinner, Vice-President of Trinity, tutor to the Newdigate brothers: see Introduction. The payment seems slightly high: McConica (Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 694Google Scholar) suggests fees of up to £1 per quarter, although O'Day suggests £5 per year (Education and Society, 116).Google Scholar

page 174 note 75. i.e. 29 Dec.

page 174 note 76. Probably for the lockable timber-framed study provided for each occupant of a communal bedroom: see J. Newman, ‘The Physical Setting’, in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 628.Google Scholar

page 174 note 77. John Tonstall of Edgcombe, Gentlemen of the Bedchamber to Queen Anne: see Introduction, above fn. 73 and CSPD 1611–18, 189, 195Google Scholar; CSPD 1629–31, 331, 513.Google Scholar

page 174 note 78. Crossed out, ‘to the swarver’.

page 174 note 79. Crossed out, ‘To Ales for eges at breakfast iiid., forgot & not set downe’.

page 175 note 80. Crossed out, ‘& ostler’.

page 175 note 81. William Plumley was butler and assistant steward at Arbury: WRO, CR 136, 6595–612 (account books).

page 175 note 82. i.e. Carshalton, Surrey.

page 175 note 83. Mr Henry Thornton was among friends mentioned in Thomas Rode's will: PRO, PROB 11/165, fo. 18. This may have been another Daventry connection: Thomas Thornton, esq., of Newnham, was Recorder of the Town around this period (Baker, History and Antiquities of Northants., i, 322).Google Scholar

page 175 note 84. Ralph Thickens or Thickness, baker, of Whitechapel, had married a niece of William Whitehall. He and his family were remembered in the wills of Whitehall, Thomas Rode and Edward Hollins: PRO, PROB 11/173, fo. 23 and 11/165, fo. 18; J.H. Morrison ed., P.C.C. Register Scrape 1630 (1934), 28Google Scholar. See also Alumni Oxon, iv.

page 176 note 85. George Belgrave of Belgrave, Leics. and of Lincs., kt: Shaw, Knights of England, ii, 122. His son John matriculated from Trinity college in Oct. 1619 (Alumni Oxon., i) and paid 40s. caution money (Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’, 1619).

page 176 note 86. Crossed out, ‘and’.

page 176 note 87. The Cheshire estate of John Newdigate's maternal uncle, Sir Edward Fitton: see Introduction.

page 176 note 88. ?‘Boniface’. It has not proved possible to identify this person from among Newdigate friends and relatives; it remains possible that it could have been a horse.

page 176 note 89. Skinner witnessed this transaction in his capacity as the Newdigates' financial guarantor: McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 693.Google Scholar

page 177 note 90. Preceding line crossed out, ‘by him at Morton Pinkanie, alle & cakes’.

page 177 note 91. Wedgwoods of Haracles, Leek, Staffordshire, had several marriage connections with the Whitehalls at this period: Coll. for a Hist, of Staffs., V, ii, 304Google Scholar; D. Pennington and I. Roots eds., The Committee At Stafford 1643–5 (Staffs. Record Society 5th ser. ii, 1957), 356.Google Scholar

page 177 note 92. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to marginal note and bracket.

page 177 note 93. Probably M.A. Lucanus, Pharsalia sive, de bello civile … adjectis notis T. Farnaby (1618), STC 16883.

page 177 note 94. A. Persius Flaccus, His satires trans, into Eng. [verse] by B. Holyday (1616), STC 19777.5–19778.5.

page 178 note 95. D. Masius, Commentarii in Porphyrium et logicam Aristotelis (Cologne, 1618): De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Scholars, i, 20.Google Scholar

page 178 note 96. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to note.

page 178 note 97. M.V. Martialis, Epigrammaticon libri: ed. TFarnaby (1615), STC 17492. Ovid: see above, note 15.

page 178 note 98. See above, note 93.

page 178 note 99. S. Smith, Aditus ad logicam (1613 etc.), STC 22825–22829. An edition of this book was published in Oxford in 1618: F. Madan, The Early Oxford Press (Oxford, 1895), 110. Edward Brerewood, Elementa logicae (1614 etc.), STC 3612–3614.5, was often found bound with it. I am indebted to Mr Paul Morgan for this information.

page 178 note 100. A number of possibilities: J. Ursinus, The Romans conclave. Wherein by way of history, exemplified upon the lives of the Romans emperors, the usurpations of the jesuited statists, are truely reported [By I. Gentillet] (1609), STC 24526; C.T. Suetonius, The historie of twelve ceasars (1605), STC 23422–23424; T. Godwin, Romanae historiae anthologia, an English exposition of the Romane antiquities (Oxford, 1614), STC 11956–7 – definitely bought by the Newdigates later, see fo. 9v.

page 178 note 101. Thomas Charles, a dancing master employed by the Newdigates at regular intervals after Lady Day 1610: WRO, CR 136, 8595–600.

page 178 note 102. Thomas Clayton, Regius Professor of Medicine: D. Macleane, Pembroke College (Univ. of Oxford College Histories, 1900)Google Scholar, chapter ix.

page 179 note 103. Prunes?

page 179 note 104. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to marginal bracket and note.

page 179 note 105. William Hatley of Beds., ‘arm.’, matriculated from Trinity 1615 aged 18, B.A. 1619, M.A. 1622: Alumni Oxon., ii, 672.Google Scholar

page 180 note 106. The inn in Holywell, Oxford, opened in 1607. Situated close to Trinity it was also the most popular place for plays in the city: A. Crossley ed., VCH Oxfordshire, iv, (Oxford, 1979), 438.Google Scholar

page 180 note 107. Probably a fowling- or birding-piece, a gun which, as a student, Newdigate was officially forbidden to possess (ibid.., 428), but discipline was evidently not easily enforced: McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 653–6.Google Scholar

page 180 note 108. If Richard was bound for Oxford, ‘Gilbert’ may be Gilbert Sheldon; if not, the name does not fit any Arbury friend or servant.

page 181 note 109. The accountant has drawn a line down the middle of the previous 12 entries on this page (headed ‘April 1st 1619’) and reproduced them exactly on fo. 7.

page 181 note 110. Probably one of the Daventry family who had supplied the town with bailiffs: Baker, Hist, and Antiquities of Northants., 321.Google Scholar

page 181 note 111. Francis Fayrefax or Cooke, a servant at Arbury between 1610 and 1630: WRO, CR136, B595–620.

page 181 note 112. ?Haywood Green, Staffs.

page 181 note 113. Usage elsewhere suggests that the abbreviation should be rendered thus.

page 182 note 114. A Whitehall family home in the parish of Ipstones, near Leek, Staffs.: Pennington and Roots, Committee at Stafford, 356Google Scholar; Pevsner, N., The Buildings of England: Staffordshire (1974), 157.Google Scholar

page 182 note 115. Jan. or Feb. 1619 at Oxford: see fo. 5.

page 182 note 116. These rents are entered at the bottom of the page, upside down. The remainder of the page has been left blank.

page 182 note 117. Stone, Staffs.

page 183 note 118. ?Hollinfare, just over the Mersey from Cheshire into Lancashire.

page 183 note 119. The date is repeated in the margin.

page 183 note 120. Probably at the home of the Newdigates' grandmother Alice Holcroft, Lady Fitton (d.1627): Earwaker, East Cheshire, ii, 565–6.Google Scholar

page 183 note 121. John Lougher (d.1636), second husband of the Newdigates' aunt Mary Fitton, M.P. for Pembroke 1601 and Sheriff of the county 1626–7: Hasler, The House of Commons 1558–1603, ii, 489.Google Scholar

page 183 note 122. Swerford, Oxon., the home of Whitehall's kinsmen the Hollinses.

page 183 note 123. The accountant has subsequently deleted the remainder of the entry: ‘2 hors 1 night keping, & myne 1 night downe’.

page 183 note 124. The Newdigates' accommodation cannot have been as cramped as that of some of their contemporaries: cf. Newman in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 628.Google Scholar

page 184 note 125. Whitehall has here erased ‘my’ and obliterated his original entry after ‘Armes’.

page 184 note 126. All Brackenborough tenants, as is Webb in the next entry: see fo. 2v.

page 185 note 127. Mary Dudley, described as ‘Mistress Anne's maid’, was at Daventry with the Newdigate sisters, 1618–19: WRO, CR136, B601.

page 185 note 128. The next word has been blotted out.

page 185 note 129. A carrier employed regularly to transport goods between London and Coventry. One of his name had been patronised by the Newdigate family since the early years of the century: Grant, E.G., A Warwickshire Colliery in the 17th Century (Dugdale Society, Occasional Paper 26, 1979), 60Google Scholar; WRO, CR 136, 8595–601. The accountant has presumably made a mistake in this entry, or in the total.

page 185 note 130. A long-standing tenant, and later steward, of the Newdigate family: WRO, CR 136, B602–30 (account books), C887 (lease, 1649).

page 185 note 131. John Newdigate's uncle, Edward Fitton, 1st Bt., died there 10 May: Earwaker, East Cheshire, ii, 566.Google Scholar

page 186 note 132. Followed by ‘butler & chamberlain’, crossed out.

page 186 note 133. Laundress to the Newdigates, 1610–20: WRO, CR 136, 8595–601.

page 186 note 134. Mary (Fitton) Lougher, sister of Lady Newdigate.

page 186 note 135. This line looks to have been squeezed in at a later date. The Staffs, and Salop family of Leveson were related to the Newdigates through the Fittons, and the kinship tie was actively pursued: Larminie, ‘Marriage and the Family’, 12–14.

page 187 note 136. The following indent items are bracketed as Peter's bill.

page 187 note 137. The following word has been blotted out.

page 187 note 138. Probably Sir Edward Fitton, 2nd Bt. (d. 1649), the Newdigates' cousin. He matriculated from Trinity Oct. 1619, aged 16, and paid the maximum £5 caution money: Clark, Reg. Univ. Oxon., II, part ii, 377; Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’.

page 188 note 139. As is evident from the account, Richard had spent more time in Oxford.

page 188 note 140. Tenant in Griffe, Warws., and probably a cousin of his namesake (fn. 130): WRO, CR 136, C872 (lease, 1627).

page 188 note 141. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to note.

page 189 note 142. The following indented items are bracketed in the margin as Mr Newdigate and Mr Richard's bill.

page 189 note 143. Perhaps The ende of Nero and beginning of Galba. Power bookes of the Histories of Cornelius Tacitus. The Life of Agricola [trans, and ed. H. Savile] (Oxford, 1591); for alternatives see: STC 23642–6; De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Schollers, 6, 141.Google Scholar

page 189 note 144. S. Daniel, either (i) The Collection of the historic of England (1618), STC 6248, or (ii) Civile Wars (1609), STC 6245, or (iii) First part of the historic of England (1612), STC 6246.

page 189 note 145. B. Keckermann, Gymnasius Logicum (1606), STC, 14895 – solidly Aristotelian: see Costello, The Scholastic Curriculum, 44–5.Google Scholar

page 189 note 146. Betting by undergraduates on sporting activities was forbidden at Trinity: McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon, iii, 651.Google Scholar

page 189 note 147. There seems no adequate explanation for this error.

page 189 note 148. Possibly Ptolomaei Geographia Grae-Lat: Per G. Mercatorem & P. Montanum (Amsterdam, 1605), recommended as a geography text book c.1655: De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Schollers, 7, 130Google Scholar. The high cost may indicate that the purchase was an atlas.

page 189 note 149. Aesop, Fabulae (1614), STC, 173.2 or (1618), 172.4.

page 189 note 150. Thomas Gresley (d.1642), son of George, 1st Bt., of Drakelowe, Derbys., was admitted as a reader to the Bodleian 19 Nov. 1619, with John Newdigate, as a member of Trinity, and had paid caution money there in 1618: Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’; Clark, Reg. Univ. Oxon., II, part i, 280; F. Madan comp., The Gresleys of Drakelowe (Coll. for a History of Staffs. 2nd ser. i, 1899), 89–90Google Scholar. Like the Newdigates he maintained contact with Gilbert Sheldon after leaving Trinity: G. Wrottesley, ‘An 140. Account of the Family of Okeover …’, Coll. Hist. Staffs., 2nd ser. vii, 1904, 106–7. Martin Lister (d.1670), later of Radclive, Bucks., and Thorpe Ernald, Leics., Kt., M.P. for Brackley 1640, who matriculated from Trinity 15 Oct. 1619, aged 17: Alumni Oxon., iii; Clark, Reg. Univ. Oxon., II, part ii, 377Google Scholar; Whitaker, T.D., The History and Antiquities of the Deanery of CravenGoogle Scholar (republished, 2 vols., Manchester and Skipton, 1973), i, 122.

page 190 note 151. Perhaps this, as an example of a debased coin, was a curiosity.

page 190 note 152. A well outside the city, at the entrance to Port Meadow: VCH Oxon, iv, 261.Google Scholar

page 190 note 153. Bernard, R., The fabulous foundation of the popedom (Oxford, 1619)Google Scholar, STC 1938, and see also Madan, Early Oxford Press, 111.Google Scholar

page 190 note 154. Beaumont, F. and Fletcher, J., The Maides TragedieGoogle Scholar (1619), STC 1676–7.

page 190 note 155. Translations were also available, e.g. C. Plinius Secundus, The [ xylographic ] historie of the world, trans. P. Holland (1601), STC 20029, 20029.5.

page 190 note 156. Probably A. Romanus, Theatrum urbium (Frankfort, 1595), but possibly A. Ortelius, Theatrum orbis terrarum. The theatre of the whole world, trans. W. B[ledwell?] (1606), STC 18855. Both were geography textbooks: De Jordy and Fletcher Library for Younger Schollers, 6, 7, 123, 132Google Scholar; Ker in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 512.Google Scholar

page 190 note 157. See also above, fo. 5v.

page 190 note 158. Considering that this book was later acquired in Latin (see fo. 10v.), this may be a translation, e.g. that of 1610, STC 4510.

page 191 note 159. Probably Richard Chamberlain of Astley Castle, near Arbury: see below, fo. 11.

page 191 note 160. The Walkers were Newdigate tenants: WRO, CR 136, 6595–602.

page 191 note 161. Henry Homes and Ellinor Gee were both Newdigate tenants in Chilvers Colon: ibid.

page 191 note 162. Kt., of Halsall, Lanes., married (1612) Penelope, daughter of Edward Fitton, 1st Bt.: Earwaker, East Cheshire, ii, 566.Google Scholar

page 191 note 163. Coleshill, North Warws.

page 191 note 164. ?Bloxwich, Staffs.

page 191 note 165. Probably the Wedgwoods: see above, fo. 4v.

page 192 note 166. Perhaps Middlewich, lying almost on a straight line between Gawsworth and Aldford, but Nantwich is also possible.

page 192 note 167. Probably Edward Fitton, and Bt., and his aunt Anne, wife of John Brereton of Brereton: Earwaker, East Cheshire, ii, 566.Google Scholar

page 192 note 168. This entry looks as though it was inserted at a later date.

page 192 note 169. Reading uncertain.

page 193 note 170. Either John Newdigate's grandmother, Alice Holcroft, or his aunt, Anne Barret: Barwaker, East Cheshire, ii, 566.Google Scholar

page 193 note 171. Preceded by an erased figure.

page 193 note 172. Probably Anthony, 2nd Bt., son of Anthony, Kt. and 1st Bt. (d. 1635). The Chesters of Chicheley, Bucks., were related to John Newdigate through his grandmother Martha Cave: G. Lipscomb, The History and Antiquities of the County of Buckingham (4 vols., 1847), iv, 94–8Google Scholar; W. Page ed., VCH Bucks., iv (1927), 312–3.Google Scholar

page 193 note 173. Mary Newdigate was her godmother: see fo. 8v.

page 193 note 174. A John Greene was ‘bailiff of husbandry’ on the Arbury estate in the 1610s and 1620s: WRO, CR 136, B595 etc.

page 193 note 175. The following indented items were bought by Richard Newdigate according to marginal bracket and note.

page 193 note 176. Florus, L.A., The Roman historiesGoogle Scholar (trans. 1619), STC 11103.

page 194 note 177. Possibly I. Casaubon, Theophrasti Charactms ethici (1592).

page 194 note 178. A popular eating place, across Port Meadow: VCH Oxon., iv 269.Google Scholar

page 194 note 179. There exist in the youthful hand of Richard Newdigate, two notebooks, one containing the date 1620, the other undated but probably also assignable to this period: WRO, CR 136, A18 and B3468. Contents include (i) Latin syllogisms, extracts from Euphormes, a chronological problem from the Old Testament, the dying words of Henry Cuffe (formerly of Trinity, exec. 1601?) and (ii) satirical verse and notes on the use of the perspective glass from M.A. de Dominis, De radiis visus el lucis in vitris perspedivis et iride tractatus (Venice, 1611).

page 194 note 180. T. Livius: given that there are two volumes, this looks like a continental edition of his Romanae historiae – cf. STC 16611.5–16613; de Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Schollers, 116.Google Scholar

page 194 note 181. Godwin, T., Romanae historiae anthologia, an English exposition of the Romane antiquities (Oxford, 1614)Google Scholar, STC 11956–7.

page 194 note 182. Probably one of Dionysius Lambinus' editions of T.M. Plautus, the poet recommended in De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Schollers, 8, 127Google Scholar, which cites a Geneva edition of 1622.

page 194 note 183. There were several Latin and English editions of C. Sallustius Crispus' history, Coniuratio Catalinae, et, Bellum Jugurthinum, STC 21622.2–21627. The low cost may indicate that this was bought second-hand.

page 194 note 184. Case, J., Speculum moralium quaestorum in universam ethicen AristotelisGoogle Scholar (Oxford, 1585 etc.), STC 4759–4760. See also De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Schollers, 2Google Scholar, and McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 714.Google Scholar

page 194 note 185. Sanderson, R., Logicae artis compendium. In quo universae artis synopsis, breviter proponiturGoogle Scholar (Oxford, Jos. Barnesius, 1615), STC 21701, or a later edition. See also Madan, Early Oxford Press, 104Google Scholar, no.

page 195 note 186. P. Holland's translation of C. Suetonius Tranquillus, The historic of twelve caesars (1606), STC 23422–4, was a fine illustrated edition costing more than 1s. 4d., and thus this looks like a continental edition.

page 195 note 187. During the ‘solitary, dull long vacation’ Richard wrote from Trinity to his brother in London. Since ‘good company [was] exceeding scarce’, he should have had plenty of opportunity to read the books he had bought: WRO, CR 136, B338a. Staying up through the summer was evidently a Trinity tradition: O'Day, Education and Society, 113.Google Scholar

page 195 note 188. Seneca, L.A., The workes of Lucius Annaeus Seneca, both morall and naturallGoogle Scholar (1614), STC 22213.

page 195 note 189. The following indented items were all bought by Peter, according to marginal note.

page 195 note 190. Both ‘xi’ and the figure in the pence column have been blotted.

page 196 note 191. Since the expenses appear to have been incurred at Oxford, it seems likely that this is either James Whitehall of Christ Church or Robert Whitehall, Vicar of St Mary Magdalen.

page 196 note 192. According to a note further down the page, the following items were all purchased by Rode.

page 196 note 193. See above, note 162.

page 196 note 194. ?Q.A. Symmachus, Epistolae.

page 197 note 195. Sir Edward matriculated 15 Oct.: Clark, Reg. Univ. Oxon., II, part ii, 377.

page 197 note 196. Probably John Briscoe of Herts., admitted 1594 and Reader 1622/3: The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn: Admissions 1420–1799 (1896).Google Scholar

page 198 note 197. Under the presidency of Ralph Kettell, every commoner at Trinity was expected to contribute 205. towards the plate fund. This sum was, however, excused those wealthier students who gave a piece of plate engraved with their name and arms: Blakiston, Trinity College, 106.Google Scholar

page 198 note 198. Camden, W., Britannia sive florentissimonium Legnorum, Angliae, Scotiae, Hiberniae chorographia descriptioGoogle Scholar (1586 etc.), STC 4503–4508.

page 198 note 199. According to bracket, the following indented items were bought by Richard Newdigate.

page 198 note 200. L.A. Seneca, Seneca his tenne tragedies (1581 etc.), STC 22221.

page 198 note 201. A continental edition: see R.H. MacDonald ed., The Library of Drummond of Hawthornden, 108Google Scholar and no. 564.

page 198 note 202. ?Jacobus Zabarell, Opera logica cum praefatione. Jo. Lud. Hawenreuten (Cologne, 1597): De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Younger Schollers, 1, 149Google Scholar; Ker in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., ii, 508.Google Scholar

page 199 note 203. It has not proved possible to identify this either among lists of books or of pictures.

page 199 note 204. Unspecified editions of Quintillian were recommended among ‘oratores such as… will well become your library’: De Jordy and Fletcher, Library for Tounger Schollers, 7, and see also McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 702.Google Scholar

page 199 note 205. Rendered as an extensive marginal note.

page 199 note 206. Three lawyers of this name may have been currently at the Inner Temple: W.H. Cooke ed., Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 1571–1625 (1877)Google Scholar. The will was proved in 1619: PRO, PROB n (106 Parker).

page 199 note 207. Probably William Wright of Tratforde, Northampton, barrister 1595 and Bencher 1611: Master of the Bench of the Honorable Society of the Inner Temple (1883, not published), 25.

page 199 note 208. From the context this is almost certainly William Hollins B.D. of Swerford: see above, fo. 4.

page 200 note 209. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to marginal note and bracket.

page 200 note 210. Followed by ‘di.’ [i.e. dimi.] erased.

page 200 note 211. Long Itchington, Warws., lies near the route, but this does not appear to be what is meant.

page 200 note 212. Mr Newdigate is probably meant.

page 201 note 213. Home of the Newdigates' near neighbours, the Chamberlains, with whom they were staying over Christmas and New Year: VCH Warws., iv, 211.Google Scholar

page 201 note 214. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to marginal note and bracket.

page 201 note 215. It is impossible to expand this abbreviation with certainty since members of the Hollins, Hollinshed and Holland families were all numbered in the Newdigate circle.

page 201 note 216. Grandborough, Warws., home of Mary Newdigate's prospective husband, Edmund Bolton (b. 1595), grandson of Edmund Knightley, esq.: WRO, DR 111/1 (Grandborough parish register); O. Barron ed., Northamptonshire Families (VCH Genealogical Vol., 1906), 183–4.Google Scholar

page 202 note 217. Probably Laurence Bolton of Grandborough, Edmund's father: ibid.

page 202 note 218. Edmund Bolton and Mary Newdigate were married, probably at Astley, 2 Feb. 1620: WRO, CR 136, C2724 (settlement). The first indenture of settlement is dated as late as 20 June 1620; payment of the dowry was also postponed until the summer: see below, fo. 13.

page 202 note 219. The preceding 4 entries have been crossed out. They duplicate entries under Dec. 1619 (fo. 11) beginning ‘vampoting Mr Richard's bootes’.

page 202 note 220. Neighbours of the Boltons and Knightleys, the Shuckburghs had land in Shuckborough and Napton, Warws., and Farthington and Farthinghoe, Northants, and married into a number of families with whom the Newdigates also had connections — Skeffington, Holt, Sneyd: see Baker, , Hist, and Antiquities of Northants., i, 371–3Google Scholar; Dugdale, W., The Antiquities of WarwickshireGoogle Scholar (1730, republished in 2 vols., Manchester), i, 309.

page 203 note 221. Probably a horse-race, John Newdigate's favourite recreation, judging by letters from Gilbert Sheldon (WRO, CR 136, B475 and B481) and account books (e.g. B608, entries for 6 Dec. 1624, 6 Mar. 1625, 27 Mar. 1625).

page 203 note 222. Richard Vines, later schoolmaster at Hinckley, Rector of Weddington and Caldecot, and lecturer at Nuneaton: DNB; VCH Warms., iv, 179.Google Scholar

page 203 note 223. Henry and Robert Mayle were contemporaries of the Newdigates at Trinity, but there is nothing to connect them with the S.E. Warws./N. Oxon. area; William Moyle, created M.A. Nov. 1620, was probably from Oxon.: Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’; Alumni Oxon., ii.

page 203 note 224. The first entry has been crossed out: ‘to Mr Lowgher for consideracon over and above the x/z. at London November last 4 –0–0’.

page 204 note 225. Both sums have been erased.

page 204 note 226. As is evident from the entries for the previous 3 months, in this quarter John had been away visiting in Warws., Northants and Staffs.

page 204 note 227. The following indented items were bought by Richard Newdigate, according to marginal bracket.

page 205 note 228. Hic mulier; or, The Man-woman: being a medicine to cure the staggers in the masculine-feminine of our times (1620), STC 13374–13375.5, a pamphlet attacking the fashions currently adopted by some women. Extracts are printed and discussed in K. Usher Henderson and B.F. McManus, Half Humankind: Contexts and Texts of the Controversy about Women in England, 1540–1640 (Urbana and Chicago, 1985), esp. 264–276.

page 205 note 229. Payment to the faculty beadle was for summoning to participate in disputations. The fact that Richard was actively involved in his second year rather than, according to normal practice, in his third, suggests that he had made substantial progress with his studies since coming to Oxford: Fletcher in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 165–8Google Scholar; O'Day, Education and Society, 111Google Scholar. Formal exercises and celebrations surrounding them could constitute a considerable expense: Fletcher, J.M. and Upton, C.A., ‘Expenses at admission and determination in 15th century Oxford: New evidence’, EHR, c (1985), 331–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 205 note 230. Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights was read by Simonds D'Ewes when he was studying ethics and moral philosophy with Richard Holdsworth at Cambridge at the same period: O'Day, Education and Society, 114Google Scholar. See also: Ker in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon, iii, 510Google Scholar; MacDonald, , Library of Drummond of Hawthornden, 120Google Scholar and no.499.

page 205 note 231. G. Markham, Cavelrice or the English horseman (1607 etc.), STC 17334–5, although other works by this author also deal with horsemanship.

page 205 note 232. ?A work by J. Zabarclla: cf. Ker in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon, iii, 508.Google Scholar

page 205 note 233. Possibly an examination taken within the college: ibid., 65.

page 205 note 234. Jewel, J., Apologia Ecclesiae AnglicanaeGoogle Scholar (1562 etc.), STC 14581–6 or translation (1564 etc.), STC 14590–2.

page 206 note 235. Following word crossed out.

page 206 note 236. See fo. 10v.

page 206 note 237. Followed by ‘Newdigate’, crossed out.

page 206 note 238. Lettice, wife of William, 4th Baron Paget of Beaudesert, Staffs., and daughter of Henry Knollys of Kingsbury, Warws.. Related to John Newdigate through their Cave ancestors, she had been a close friend and legatee of his parents and was possibly godmother to Lettice Newdigate: WRO, CR 136, 6421, C1913–5; VCH Warws., iv, 105, 166Google Scholar; Shaw, S., The History and Antiquities of Staffordshire (2 vols., 1798–1801), i, 216, 220.Google Scholar

page 207 note 239. Probably Gilbert Sheldon. The entry here may relate to his gaining his M.A. in May or June 1620.

page 207 note 240. Thomas Crewe (1565–1634), of Gray's Inn and Stene, Northants.. His services had been retained by the Newdigates for some time, and ties between the two families subsequently deepened through personal friendship and godparenthood: DNB; WRO, CR 136, B53, B522 and B828; Larminie, ‘Lifestyle and Attitudes’, 170, 227, 421.

page 207 note 241. This may have arisen from the fact that Edward Fitton, 1st Bt. (d.1619), had been named with his sister in deeds relating to her dower property, Nuneaton Rectory: WRO, CR 136, C6703 and C1054–9. See also above, fo. 3.

page 208 note 242. The preceding 5 entries, headed ‘July the xiith 1620 to Oxford’, have been crossed out. They correspond almost exactly with the first 4 and the 6th entry on fo. 13v., except that the hostelry at Daventry is specified to be Hilton's, and the Daventry maids are given if. instead of Isbell's 6d.

page 208 note 243. According to the terms of her father's will, the full dowry was £1,000; this instalment was probably paid on the day the first indentures of settlement were signed, WRO, CR 136, C2724. The parties and witnesses on this occasion were Laurence and Anne Bolton (the bridegroom's parents), Edmund Bolton, Thomas Ration of Grandborough, Sir Seymour Knightley of Norton, John and Richard Newdigate, and William Whitehall.

page 208 note 244. George Croke (c. 1560–1642) of the Inner Temple, law reporter and later justice of King's Bench: DNB. Related to the Newdigates through the Cave family, he and his brothers gave them legal advice on several occasions, and obtained John Newdigate's special admittance to the Temple: e.g. WRO, CR 136, B518; below, part ii.

page 209 note 245. Probably Elizabeth, widow of Sir John Grey (of Groby), and daughter of Edward Neville, Lord Abergavenny. Although she remarried (1614) John Bingley, she retained her previous style in her frequent communications with the Newdigates. She was godmother to Mary. DNB; WRO, CR 136, 166–181 (letters to Anne and to John).

page 209 note 246. A draper or haberdasher regularly patronised by the Newdigates, e.g. see above, fo. 11v. and below, part ii, fos. 6v., 8v.

page 209 note 247. John and Richard were formally admitted 3 July 1620: J. Foster ed., Register of Admissions to Gray's Inn 1521–1889 (1889), 160.Google Scholar

page 209 note 248. Several Goodman's were currently members of the Inner Temple or Gray's Inn: ibid., Cooke, Students admitted to the Inner Temple. A dedimus postestatem was an enabling writ giving power of attorney: Rastell, W., Les termes de la Ley (1624), 126Google Scholar; E. Jowitt ed., The Dictionary of English Law (2 vols., 1959), i, 591.Google Scholar

page 209 note 249. Probably Roger Holbeck of Westhall, Suffolk, admitted to the Inner Temple 1596, called to the bar 1606 (ibid.), although it could have been one of the Holbechs of Fllongley, near Arbury (VCH Warws., iv, 72Google Scholar). Avowry: see The Dictionary of English Law, i, 189.Google Scholar

page 209 note 250. A fashionable place for the new ladies' academies: Gardiner, D., English Girlhood at School (1929), 209Google Scholar. Lettice was to stay there a year: see below, part ii.

page 209 note 251. Lettice's schoolmistress or hostess at Deptford.

page 210 note 252. The parson was probably either Robert Whitehall or William Hollins: see above.

page 211 note 253. Probably Rawleigh Newdigate of London, cousin and trustee of Sir John Newdigate and legatee and ‘brother’ of Lady Newdigate: WRO, CR 136, C828a and C1915. There is no mention of him either in the acrimonious property wrangles between Sir John and Henry Newdigate or in family pedigrees, and neither his will nor his place of residence have come to light.

page 211 note 254. Home of Henry Newdigate: see above, fo. 3.

page 211 note 255. The following indented items were bought by Peter according to marginal bracket.

page 211 note 256. i.e. Mr Henry Newdigate.

These indented items are a continuation of Peter's bill on the previous page.

page 212 note 258. Of Risky, Warws., Bt., husband of Elizabeth Knollys, sister of Lady Paget: VCH Warws., iv, 105, 166Google Scholar; Dugdale, , History and Anlquities of Warws., 870, 1060.Google Scholar

page 212 note 259. The following items were bought by Peter according to marginal note.

page 213 note 260. Apparently considered too young at twelve to be sent away to school with Lettice, Anne seems to have lived with Mary after her marriage.

page 213 note 261. i.e. a fool?

page 214 note 262. i.e. Towcester, Northants.

page 214 note 263. Whitehall acknowledged in his will ‘the great pains and care taken in my business’ by his servant, Richard Merrie: PRO, PROB 11/173, fo. 23.

page 215 note 264. Edward Shalcrosse of Cheshire, gent., matriculated from Trinity 15 Oct. 1619, aged 17. His connection with the Newdigates is obscure, but he may have been a member of the family of Shalcrosse, Derbys., who had ties with the Wedgwoods of Leek: Alumni Oxon., iv; Shawcrosse, W.H., ‘The Owners of Shallcross’, Journal of the Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural History Society, xxviii (1906), esp. 90, 99, 105.Google Scholar

page 215 note 265. Entered up in college accounts in 1619–20, this was returned during 1620–21: Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’

page 215 note 266. One eighth of the sum given by the Newdigates the previous autumn: see above, fo. iv.

page 215 note 267. A student of Skinner's like the Newdigates (see below), but paying half the rate (cf. fo.4).

page 215 note 268. Cf. payment for the Newdigates and their servants of £1 2s.

page 215 note 269. i.e. the Monday following 7 July, when M.A.s were formally taken: Fletcher in McConica, Hist. Univ. Oxon., iii, 197.Google Scholar

page 215 note 270. Only 2/3 of the statutory amount (cf. fo. 10v. above), another indication of Shalcrosse's inferior social status.

page 217 note 1. At Grandborough: see part i, fn. 216.

page 217 note 2. At Daventry: see i, fn. 110.

page 217 note 3. Much patronised Daventry glovers: see i, fos. i iv., 13 and below.

page 217 note 4. See i, fn. 69.

page 217 note 5. To President Ralph Kettell of Trinity College for the quarter ending at Michaelmas 1620.

page 217 note 6. Butler to the Newdigates: see i, fn. 81.

page 217 note 7. Repeated.

page 217 note 8. Home of Henry Newdigate: see i, fn. 254.

page 217 note 9. Peter Olyff, John Newdigate's manservant.

page 218 note 10. Lettice Newdigate's hostess/schoolmistress at Deptford: see i, fn. 251.

page 218 note 11. Ralph Thickens of Thickness or Whitechapel: see i, fn. 84.

page 218 note 12. Edward Holt(e), son of Sir Thomas of Aston, Warws., admitted to the Inner Temple 1618: Cooke, Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 222. A letter from Robert Skinner (Aug. 1620) indicates that John Newdigate had already arranged to share his chamber: WRO, CR 136, 6419.Google Scholar

page 218 note 13. ?Sir Henry Snelgrove, kt. 1617: Shaw, Knights of England, ii, 165.Google Scholar

page 218 note 14. Of the Inner Temple: see i, fn. 249.

page 218 note 15. The following indented items were bought by William Plumley according to marginal note and bracket.

page 219 note 16. Thomas Rode: see i, fn. 34.

page 219 note 17. The standard payment for the general admission to Gray's Inn: Prest, Inns of Court, 38–9Google Scholar. Richard and his brother had been formally admitted in July 1620: see i, fn. 247.

page 219 note 18. i.e. caution money. ‘Which’ is followed by an obscure figure.

page 219 note 19. ?Remitted to John Newdigate, in the presence of his friend, graduate member Gilbert Sheldon, because he had not remained in residence throughout the summer and autumn.

page 219 note 20. See i, fn. 39.

page 219 note 21. See i, fn. 48.

page 220 note 22. ?Of Fleet Street: cf. i, fo. 13v.

page 220 note 23. ‘di[mi.]’ deleted.

page 220 note 24. John Newdigate was not formally admitted to the Inner Temple until 28 Jan.: see below, fo. 5.

page 220 note 25. Unclear whether ‘batles’ or ‘butlers’ intended.

page 220 note 26. London-Coventry carrier: see i, fn. 129. Followed by ‘bring Mr G. sad[le]’ deleted.

page 220 note 27. Probably Thomas Gresley of Trinity College: see i, fn. 150.

page 220 note 28. 12s. repaid on its return: see below, fo. 18. Inn recorded in Kingsford, C.L. ed., Stow's Survey of London (2 vols., Oxford, 1971), i, 150, 170.Google Scholar

page 221 note 29. Newdigate's Middlesex estate: see i, fo.av.

page 221 note 30. Tenant: see ibid.

page 221 note 31. Probably Henry Newdigate of Ashtead.

page 222 note 32. Probably the tavern, brewhouse and bakehouse ‘The Paul's Head’, near the cathedral: Slew's Survey, ii, 12, 14, 17, 359.Google Scholar

page 222 note 33. A horse.

page 222 note 34. Humphrey Colics, feodary of Warws.: Bell, Court of Wards, 40, 43.Google Scholar

page 222 note 35. A. Heal comp., The London Goldsmiths 1200–1800 (Cambridge, 1935), 162, 157Google Scholar, records Thomas Grainger, pawnbroker, 1711–20, but the nearest contemporary entry is Philip Gardiner, goldsmith, c.1624. Chester: see i, fn. 172.

page 222 note 36. A copy had been bought a few months previously: see i, fo. 12.

page 222 note 37. Although not stated in the text, it is clear that this and the succeeding 8 items form part of one bill from Rode.

page 223 note 38. The following indented items were bought by William Plumley, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 223 note 39. This continues from Plumley's bill on the previous side.

page 223 note 40. Followed by ‘to Mr’ deleted.

page 224 note 41. The following indented items were bought by Peter, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 224 note 42. A tailor.

page 225 note 43. Surrey.

page 225 note 44. Friend and protector of the Newdigates: see i, fn. 77.

page 225 note 45. Probably Mary, wife of Henry Newdigate of Ashtead.

page 226 note 46. Married to a niece of William Whitehall, Ralph Holme or Hulme, clothworker, was a legatee of Whitehall and an executor for Thomas Rode: PRO, PROB 11/165, fo. 18 and 11/173, fo. 23; Register P.C.C. Scrape, 28.Google Scholar

page 226 note 47. Subsequent indented items bought by Peter, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 226 note 48. i.e. Back to Gray's Inn from Surrey.

page 226 note 49. Robert Middlemore of King's Norton, Worcs., admitted 1588: Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 120.Google Scholar

page 227 note 50. Probably those of the new Attorney General, Sir Thomas Coventry, who estab lished his seat in Warws. not far from Arbury, and who (1622) employed Gilbert Sheldon as his chaplain. His predecessor, Sir Henry Yelverton, was a member of Gray's Inn. See: DNB; Masters of the Bench of the Inner Temple, 24.Google Scholar

page 227 note 51. Newdigate steward: see i, fn. 130.

page 227 note 52. See i, fo. 3.

page 228 note 53. Nicholas Chomley of the Inner Temple, barrister 1592 and bencher 1607; Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 109.Google Scholar

page 228 note 54. Followed by ‘reply’ deleted. Lawsuit see i, fo. 13 and below.

page 228 note 55. Whitehall's nephew, in charge of the day-to-day running of the Arbury estate: WRO, CR 136, B600–25 (account books), 83263 (Thomas Henshawe to Whitehall).

page 228 note 56. A session began 30 Jan. 1620/1.

page 228 note 57. Attorney of the Court of Wards: see i, fn. 44.

page 228 note 58. Probably John Pickarell of Norfolk: Bell, Court of Wards, 97Google Scholar; The Records of the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn (2 vols., 1896), i, 161.Google Scholar

page 228 note 59. Paul Ambrose Croke (d. 1631), younger brother of George (see i, fn. 244), obtained in respect of his Reading a special admittance for John Newdigate at a parliament of 28 Jan. 1621: F.A. Inderwick ed., A Calendar of Inner Temple Records(3 vols., 1896–1936), ii, 123Google Scholar. See also: Masters of the Bench of the Inner Temple, 20Google Scholar; Croke, A., The Genealogical History of the Croke Family (1823), 628–9.Google Scholar

page 229 note 60. There is no record of a lawyer of this name at the inns.

page 229 note 61. The following indented items relate to John Newdigate's expenditure, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 229 note 62. ?Redbridge.

page 229 note 63. ?Godsalve: there were several lawyers of this name at the inns.

page 229 note 64. ?Richard Chamberlain of the Inner Temple: Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 133.Google Scholar

page 230 note 65. Peter's bill, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 230 note 66. Followed by ‘cambricke’ deleted.

page 230 note 67. There were several lawyers of this name at the inns.

page 230 note 68. See i, fn. 167.

page 230 note 69. There were several lawyers of this name at the inns.

page 230 note 70. Mary Trussell's loan remained outstanding through the account: see below, fos. 5v. and 10v. Trussell: see The Visitation of London 1633–5, ii, 298.Google Scholar

page 230 note 71. Henry Newdigate of Ashtead.

page 231 note 72. John Lowgher, husband of Mary Fitton: see Introduction and i.

page 231 note 73. The following indented items were bought by John Newdigate, according to bracket and marginal note.

page 232 note 74. ?Whitehall's private business.

page 232 note 75. L. Bayly, The practise of pietie: directing a Christian how to walke (1612 etc.), STC, 1601.5–1604.

page 232 note 76. ?An attendant on the Newdigate sisters: see below, fo. 13.

page 233 note 77. See below, under 24 Feb.

page 233 note 78. Probably Richard Skeffington (c.1590–1647), 2nd son of William, 1st Bt., of Fisherwick, Staffs., and later active in Midlands politics. He was a mutal friend of Holte and Newdigate, and married Anne Newdigate (1626). See: WRO, CR 136, B225 (Holte to Newdigate, 1622), B339 (Richard Newdigate to same); Staffs. Parl. Hist., ii, part ii, 48; Hist. & Antiquities of Staffs., 366.Google Scholar

page 233 note 79. In the middle of the entry under March 1st.

page 234 note 80. Marginal note: ‘for Ned H(?enshawe/olte) illis.’ and, delected, ‘& in earnest for cowtch William iis. Plumley’.

page 234 note 81. Bought by John Newdigate, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 234 note 82. i.e. Lettice and Anne Newdigate.

page 234 note 83. Followed by ‘such’, deleted.

page 235 note 84. An associate of Thomas Rode: see below, fo. 14v.

page 235 note 85. The stairs up river from London Bridge, the first indication of a possible visit to Newdigate's future wife's house in Thames Street: see below.

page 236 note 86. Stow's Survey, i, 60.

page 236 note 87. Marginal note: ‘Mistress New [digate] 76–7–0/1–2–0/1 11–’.

page 236 note 88. Sir John and Lady Tonstal's 4th son, John, was born at Edgecombe 15 March 1621: Surrey Archaeological Collections, ii, 16Google Scholar. The silver bowl referred to above was probably a christening present.

page 236 note 89. The following indented items are evidently all from Peter's bill.

page 237 note 90. Thomas Gresley, formerly of Trinity College: see i, fn. 150.

page 238 note 91. Probably Robert Raynsford of Dallington, Northants., admitted to the Inner Temple 1620: Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 230Google Scholar; Hist. & Antiquities Northants., i, 131.Google Scholar

page 238 note 92. The following indented items were bought by Peter, according to marginal note and bracket. A deleted entry at the top of the page reads: ‘Mr Rawley for brother iili./iiiis. Mr Ryc(hard) thereof. The latter sum is entered below, see 24 April.

page 238 note 93. See i, fn. 253.

page 239 note 94. ?Douai.

page 240 note 95. The sum suggests a return for considerable services rendered, the name possibly an immigrant from the Lulls circle.

page 240 note 96. Susanna Lulls (c. 1597–1654), eldest daughter of Arnold Lulls, merchant and jeweller to James I, who married John Newdigate 27 June 1621: see Introduction and Larminie, ‘Marriage and the Family’, passim.

page 241 note 97. ?William Maddox, merchant tailor, of St Mary at Hill: Index to Wills Proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 1620–9, ed. R.H. Ernest Hill (British Records Association xliv, 1912), 182.Google Scholar

page 241 note 98. Followed by ‘by water there & back’, deleted.

page 242 note 99. Edward Stapleton of Matoke, Warws., Bencher of the Inner Temple, the lawyer most closely concerned with John Newdigate's marriage settlement and later accused by him of concealment of evidences: PRO, C 3, 369/41; WRO, CR 136, B345. According to Richard Newdigate's later recollection, the marriage treaty was first drawn up in May 1621: CR 136, B1380.

page 244 note 100. The next entry, relating to a silver and silk scarf, has been deleted.

page 244 note 101. ?Authorisation to institute proceedings at law: cf. E. Jowitt ed., The Dictionary of English Law (2 vols., 1959), ii, 1075.Google Scholar

page 244 note 102. On this, his 21st birthday, John officially passed out of wardship: birth-date, WRO, CR 136, B882; fees for process, Bell, Court of Wards, 203–5Google Scholar; background, Hurstfield, J., The Queen's Wards: Wardship and Marriage under Elizabeth I (1958), 157–180.Google Scholar

page 244 note 103. The following indented items were bought by William Plumley.

page 245 note 104. Clerk of the Court of Wards: see i, fn. 51.

page 245 note 105. In part payment for Colon royalty, conveyed to John Newdigate finally May 1622: WRO, CR 136, B603. See also i, fn. 24.

page 245 note 106. Duplicated above, as was the entry for 1 June.

page 245 note 107. The sum should be 3s. 5d., but the addition may indicate credit or sharing of the bill.

page 245 note 108. Probably a younger brother of Edward: cf.Dugdale, History & Antiquities, 873.

page 246 note 109. Addition obscured by deleted entry ‘night supper’.

page 246 note 110. Probably Susanna Lulls' ‘uncle’, Jacques de Beste, a London merchant, who made himself responsible for paying the greater part of her dowry: WRO, CR 136, C2719; Visitation of London, i, 224Google Scholar. De Beste was at this time a defendant with Arnold Lulls and others in Star Chamber proceedings relating to the alleged export of bullion: PRO, STAC 8, 25/19, Pt. 1 25/23, 21/17; CSPD 1619–1623, 119Google Scholar; W.C.J. Moens ed., Register of the Dutch Church, Austin Friars (1884)Google Scholar, introduction.

page 246 note 111. Probably either Thomas or Richard Bennett (admitted 1615), sons of Sir Thomas, alderman, and kin of the Crokes: Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 213.

page 246 note 112. Richard Fallowfield, barrister 1622: ibid., 201.

page 247 note 113. The following indented items are all part of his bill, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 247 note 114. Wither, G., Wither's motto. Nec habeo, nec caro, nec euroGoogle Scholar (1621), STC, 25925–25928.7

page 247 note 115. Later described as ‘Mr Crowke's man’: see below, fo. 18.

page 247 note 116. Servant to the Lowghers: see i, fo. iv.

page 247 note 117. ?Henry Newdigate's brother-in-law: J. Fetherston ed., The Visitation of the County of Leicester in the Year 1619 (Harleian Society, II, 1870), 15–16.Google Scholar

page 248 note 118. The following indented items were bought by Richard Newdigate, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 248 note 119. ?Francis Hollingshead of Sandlebridge, Cheshire and of Staffs.: A. Adams ed., Cheshire Visitation Pedigrees, Harl. Soc. xciii, 1941, 53Google Scholar. ?Francis Hollenshed of Daventry: Baker, , Hist. & Antiquities Northants., 321.Google Scholar

page 248 note 120. Bequest by Dame Anne Newdigate: WRO, CR 136, C1915.

page 249 note 121. Preceded by ‘vid.’, deleted.

page 249 note 122. The date of major sections of John Newdigate and Susanna Lulls' marriage settlement: WRO, OR 136, C1933, C2719–2721. The witnesses were John Tonstal, Richard Newdigate, William Whitehall, [?] Stapleton and John Bonde.

page 249 note 123. See above, fo. 9.

page 250 note 124. Where John and Susanna were married 27 June: T, Colyer-Fergusson ed., Register of St Dunslan's, Stepney (1898), 127.Google Scholar

page 250 note 125. Probably the mercer rather than the lawyer: cf. below, fo. 14v.

page 250 note 126. i.e. Wedding bells?

page 251 note 127. Entries on this side are in a different hand, evidently that of Plumley himself.

page 251 note 128. Probably a horse.

page 251 note 129. i.e. Galoshes?

page 251 note 130. Preceded by ‘for mending golocias’, deleted.

page 251 note 131. 2 Feb.: the bill thus appears considerably out of sequence.

page 252 note 132. Preceded by ‘For the lute mendinge 0–5–0’, deleted.

page 253 note 133. Anne Newdigate.

page 253 note 134. See i, fn. 245.

page 254 note 135. Previous word deleted.

page 254 note 136. The accountant then again totals the disbursements and sets them against receipts, presumably as a double check.

page 254 note 137. Refunded on their departure from Oxford. The college archives suggest a slightly earlier date: Trinity MS, ‘Liber Trin. Coll. Oxon.’, 1619.

page 254 note 138. See above, fo. 10v.

page 254 note 139. ibid.

page 254 note 140. Thomas Baldwen was evidently acting as bailiff at Brackenborough.

page 255 note 141. Sums entered vary slightly from those for Michaelmas 1618: cf. i, fo. 2v.

page 255 note 142. As steward at Arbury Henshawe received both Warwickshire rents and income from sales of farm stock and produce.

page 255 note 143. The house ‘commonly called the thee tonnes’, situated on the corner of Thames Street and St Michael's Lane, was conveyed to Newdigate by his future wife 23 June 1621; the money was probably the first instalment of Susanna's dowry, which Jacques de Beste had promised to pay ‘before the marriage’: WRO, CR 136, C2719–20.

page 256 note 144. ?John Meyer, admitted to the Inner Temple 1600 and 1608: Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 156, 183.Google Scholar

page 256 note 145. No bill annexed to ms., but charges evidently related to the conveyance of the house. The remaining entries on this side have been crossed through, being a repetition of entries on fo. 10v. for 22–30 June 1621; the payment to Maire is recorded again at the foot of the side.

page 256 note 146. Perhaps the curate, although no obvious candidate among the universities' alumni.

page 256 note 147. Probably a mistake for George Gouldman, D.D., (c.1566–1634), Vicar of Stepney and Archdeacon of Essex: J. & J.A. Venn eds., Alumni Cantabrigienses: Part 1 to 1751 (4 vols., 1922–1927), ii, 230.Google Scholar

page 256 note 148. A gift probably prompted by departure of the Newdigate sisters from Deptford for Thames Street: see below, fo. 14.

page 258 note 149. The new coachman, engaged to drive the coach bought a few days earlier (fo. 13v.), paid with the other servants from Michaelmas 1621: WRO, CR 136, B602–612 (account books).

page 258 note 150. As is evident from wills and inventories, Susanna brought to the marriage much valuable plate and household goods, not to mention coins and jewellery.

page 258 note 151. ?Margaret/Margriet Lulls, Susanna's sister, bap. 1603: Registers of the Dutch Church, 47Google Scholar. ?Margaret Henshaw: see i, fn. 37.

page 259 note 152. William and Robert Carter of Walbrooke, both vintners, were recorded in Visitation of London, i, 142.

page 259 note 153. Francis Hall of Faringdon Within, goldsmith, was a kinsman of Sir John Tonstal: ibid., i, 341.

page 260 note 154. Reading uncertain.

page 261 note 155. Servants to Mr Lulls: see above.

page 262 note 156. ?Oysters.

page 263 note 157. Probably Henry Newdigate, whose servant Francis appears below.

page 265 note 158. John Newdigate being out of wardship.

page 265 note 159. An instalment of £1,400 on Susanna Newdigate's dowry was due from de Beste 20 Nov. 1621: WRO, CR 136, C2719. The shortfall here was indicative of things to come: see Larminie, ‘Marriage and the Family’, 5–6.

page 265 note 160. Hired from the Two Wrastlers, Waiting Street, Dec. 1620 (fo. iv) for 14s., and now returned.

page 265 note 161. Of Howlshott, Hants., a relative of Dame Anne Newdigate and a trustee of Sir John: WRO, CR 136, C371.

page 265 note 162. As part of Mary Newdigate's dowry: see above i, fn. 243.

page 265 note 163. i.e. In the Court of Wards.

page 266 note 164. Original word erased.

page 266 note 165. WRO, CR 136, C1915.

page 266 note 166. Probably on Warwickshire estate business.

page 266 note 167. J. Rider, Bibliotheca scholastica. A double dictionarie (several edns., 1589–1617), STC, 21031.5–21034a. The first four items here were bought for John Newdigate, according to marginal note.

page 267 note 168. Duplicating a copy bought earlier: see i, fn. 33.

page 267 note 169. Perhaps an edition of Boccacio: or perhaps King Boccus, The history of kyng Boccus, & Sydracke. Tr. by Hugo of Carumpeden, out of frenche (?1537, 1550), STC, 3186–8. J. Boemus, The description of the contrey of Aphrique (1554) or The manners, laws & customs of all nations (1611), both trans, from French, STC, 3196.5–3198.5.

page 267 note 170. See above i, fn. 188.

page 267 note 171. E. Plowden, Les commtaries, ou les reportes … de dyvers cases (1571 etc.), STC, 20040–20046.7. These second four items were for Richard himself, according to marginal bracket.

page 267 note 172. P. Du Moulin, The buckler of faith: or, a defence of the confession of faith of the reformed churches in France, against the objections of M. Arnoux the jesuite (trans, from French, 1620), STC, 7313.

page 267 note 173. Unclear: ?J.I. Tremelius, Septuagint Bible, e.g. STC, 2056, would certainly complement the previous purchase.

page 267 note 174. Either John Perkins the lawyer, e.g. … (1555 etc.), STC, 19629–19645, or William Perkins the divine, many possible works, STC, 19646–19764.

page 267 note 175. This and the following indented items were all bought by Peter, according to marginal note and bracket.

page 267 note 176. Followed by ‘by’ deleted.

page 268 note 177. See above, fn. 165.

page 268 note 178. Tenant on the Arbury estate: WRO, CR 136, B595–605 (account books).

page 268 note 179. ?Manley: cf.above, fos. 6, 13v.

page 268 note 180. In the Easter term 1622 Richard Newdigate paid another £20 for his chamber: WRO, CR 136, B603. Nov. 1628 he petitioned the Bench that he was in actual possession of a chamber assigned to Mr Thomas Marshe under a lease of two lives held by Sir Thomas Chamberlaine ‘and others’, and had been ‘above seven years’: Gray's Inn MS, Book of Orders, i, fo. 374v.

page 269 note 181. In spite of the contemporary slump in wool exports, sheep, their meat and their wool, still formed an important part of John Newdigate's income: Larminie, ‘Lifestyle and Attitudes’, 48–57.

page 269 note 182. The majority of entries on this page are made vertically, on its upper and lower halves, and give the appearance of notes made at different times.

page 269 note 183. Reading uncertain.

page 269 note 184. Entry upside down in relation to the rest of the text, and in a similar, but much smaller, neater hand. This may be a topical reference to Sir Thomas Smith of Ostenhanger (1568?–1625), who resigned as Treasurer of the East India Company in 1620 on suspicion of corruption: DNB.

page 269 note 185. ?John Cradocke, D.C.L.: Alumni Oxon, i. ?A medical doctor from the family in St Dunstan in the West: T.C. Dale ed., The Inhabitants of London in 1638 (2 vols., 1931), i, 232, 234.Google Scholar

page 269 note 186. The next and last entry on the upper half of the side is obscured by the binding. Entries in the lower half duplicate: (1)9 entries beginning ‘Daintrie Ed dressing my hors’ (i, fo. lv.); (2) horizontally) receipts and disbursements from and for Mr Shalcrosse (i, fo. 15).