Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T09:58:35.992Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Care Ethics: A Concept in Search of a Framework

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2009

Erich H. Loewy
Affiliation:
Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria and Associate Professor of Humanities (Ethics) at the University of Illinois at Chicago

Extract

In this paper, I want to try to put what has been termed the “care ethics” into a different perspective. While I will discuss primarily the use of that ethic or that term as it applies to the healthcare setting in general and to the deliberation of consultants or the function of committees more specifically, what I have to say is meant to be applicable to the problem of using a notion like “caring” as a fundamental precept in ethical decision making. I will set out to examine the relationship between theoretical ethics, justice-based reasoning, and care-based reasoning and conclude by suggesting not only that all are part of a defensible solution when adjudicating individual cases, but that these three are linked and can, in fact, be mutually corrective. I will claim that using what has been called “the care ethic” alone is grossly insufficient for solving individual problems and that the term can (especially when used without a disciplined framework) be extremely dangerous. I will readily admit that while blindly using an approach based solely on theoretically derived principles is perhaps somewhat less dangerous, it is bound to be sterile, unsatisfying, and perhaps even cruel in individual situations. Care ethics, as I understand the concept, is basically a non- or truly an anti-intellectual kind of ethic in that it tries not only to value feeling over thought in deliberating problems of ethics, but indeed, would almost entirely substitute feeling for thought. Feeling when used to underwrite undisciplined and intuitive action without theory has no head and, therefore, no plan and no direction; theory eventuating in sterile rules and eventually resulting in action heedlessly based on such rules lacks humanity and heart. Neither one nor the other is complete in itself. There is no reason why we necessarily should be limited to choosing between these two extremes.

Type
Special Section: Beyond Autonomy
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Gilligan, C. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1982.Google Scholar

2. Nodding, N. Caring: A Feminine Approach to Ethics and Moral Education. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1984.Google Scholar

3. Benner, P, Wrubel, J. The Primacy of caring: Stress and Coping in Health and Illness. Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1989.Google Scholar

4. Kant, I. Kritik der Praktischen Vernunft. Weischedel, W, ed. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag, 1989.Google Scholar

5. Kant, I. Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten. Weischedel, W, ed. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag, 1989.Google Scholar

6. Rousseau, JJ. Du Contrat Social. Grimsley, R, ed. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1972.Google Scholar

7. Rousseau, JJ. Discours sur l'Origine et les Fondements de l'lnégalité parmi les Hommes. Paris: Gallimard, 1965.Google Scholar

8. Schopenhauer, A. Preisschrift über die Grundlage der Moral. In: Arthur Schopenhauer, Sätliche Werke, Band III. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1986.Google Scholar

9. Loewy, EH. Freedom and Community: the Ethics of Interdependence. Albany, New York: SUNY Publishers, 1983.Google Scholar

10. Nelsom, L. Against caring. Journal of Clinical Ethics 1992;3(1):815.Google Scholar

11. Dewey, J. Logic, the theory of inquiry. In: Boydston, JA, ed. The Later Works of John Dewey, Vol. 12. Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press, 1991.Google Scholar

12. Dewey, J. The quest for certainty. In: Boydston, JA, ed. The Later Works of John Dewey, Vol. 4. Carbon-dale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

13. Cassell, E. Life as a work of art. Hastings Center Report 1984;14(5):35–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar