Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-21T22:22:26.508Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Afronauts: On Science Fiction and the Crisis of Possibility

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2016

Abstract

This essay investigates the critical function of science fiction (SF) tropes in SF and non-SF works by and about Africans. It begins with the assertion that works that invoke SF tropes, even if they are not properly speaking SF, can productively be read within the frame of SF. It then analyzes the ways in which writers and visual artists use speculative technological advances to explore the systematic marginalization of the African continent in the world-system. Drawing on Darko Suvin, Raymond Williams, and Fredric Jameson, it illustrates how these works use the cognitive estrangement characteristic of SF to posit a break in established systems of thought; this is, ultimately, a utopian gesture. Works discussed include Deji Bryce Olukotun’s Nigerians in Space, Sony Labou Tansi’s Life and a Half, Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Wizard of the Crow, Cristina de Middel’s The Afronauts, and Frances Bodomo’s Afronauts.

Type
Articles
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Afronauts . Directed by Frances Bodomo. New York: Powder Room Films, 2014.Google Scholar
Berthelot, Francis. La métamorphose généralisée: Du poème mythologie à la science-fiction. Paris: Éditions Nathan, 1993.Google Scholar
Bhabha, Homi K. “Of Mimicry and Man: The Ambivalence of Colonial Discourse,” in The Location of Culture (1994), 121131. New York: Routledge, 2004.Google Scholar
Bould, Mark. Introduction to Africa SF, edited by Mark Bould, 715. Vashon, WA: Paradoxa, 2013.Google Scholar
Bould, Mark. “The Ships Landed Long Ago: Afrofuturism and Black SF.” Science Fiction Studies 34.2 (2007): 177186. Accessed February 17, 2016.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, Katie. “Frances Bodomo.” BOMB Magazine. July 9, 2013. Accessed January 25, 2016. http://bombmagazine.org/article/7268/.Google Scholar
Canavan, Gerry. “Decolonizing the Future (Review Essay).” Science Fiction Studies 39.2 (2012): 494499. Accessed January 25, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carstens, Delphi and Roberts, Mer. “Protocols for Experiments in African Science Fiction.” Scrutiny 2 14.1 (2009): 7494. Accessed May 13, 2016.Google Scholar
Csicsery-Ronay, Istvan Jr. “The SF of Theory: Baudrillard and Haraway.” Science Fiction Studies 18.1 (1991): 387404. Accessed February 1, 2016.Google Scholar
De Middel, Cristina. The Afronauts. Madrid: Self-published, 2012.Google Scholar
Delaney, Samuel R. Starboard Wine: More Notes on the Language of Science Fiction, (Rev. Ed.) Middleton. CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Dery, Mark. “Black to the Future: Interviews with Samuel R. Delany, Greg Tate, and Tricia Rose,” in Flame Wars: The Discourse of Cyberculture, edited by Mark Dery, 179222. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Ferguson, James. Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Ferguson, James. “Of Mimicry and Membership: Africans and the ‘New World Society.’Cultural Anthropology 17.4 (2002): 551569. Accessed November 12, 2015.Google Scholar
Heinlein, Robert A. “On the Writing of Speculative Fiction” (1948), in Writing Science Fiction and Fantasy: Twenty Dynamic Essays by the Field’s Top Professionals, 511. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin, 1993.Google Scholar
Hoagland, Ericka and Reema, Sarwal. eds. Science Fiction, Imperialism, and the Third World: Essays on Postcolonial Literature and Film. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2010.Google Scholar
Hollinger, Veronica. “Genre vs. Mode,” in The Oxford Handbook of Science Fiction, edited by Rob Latham, 139154. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014)Google Scholar
Hopkinson, Nalo and Uppinder, Mehan. eds. So Long Been Dreaming: Postcolonial Science Fiction and Fantasy. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp, 2004.Google Scholar
ITN Source.“Zambia: Zambian Astronauts Train for Moon Trop—Interview with Space Academy Director.” Accessed March 15, 2016. http://www.itnsource.com/en/shotlist/RTV/1964/11/14/BGY505190222/.Google Scholar
Jameson, Fredric. Archaeologies of the Future: The Desire Called Utopia and Other Science Fictions. New York: Verso, 2005.Google Scholar
Keogan, Shonna. “‘Afronauts’ Feature Film Poised for Lift-Off, Thanks to Sloan Grant.” NYU News (blog). May 8, 2015. Accessed January 25, 2016. https://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2015/05/08/afronauts-feature-film-poised-for-lift-off.html.Google Scholar
Kerslake, Patricia. Science Fiction and Empire. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Labou Tansi, Sony. Life and a Half, Translated by Alison Dundy. BloomingtonIN: Indiana University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Langer, Jessica. Postcolonialism and Science Fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.Google Scholar
Madrigal, Alexis C. “Old, Weird Tech: The Zambian Space Cult of the 1960s.” The Atlantic. October 21, 2010. Accessed November 21, 2014. http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2010/10/old-weird-tech-the-zambian-space-cult-of-the-1960s/64945/.Google Scholar
MacDonald, Ian P. “The Cybogre Manifesto: Time, Utopia, and Globality in Ngugi’s Wizard of the Crow.Research in African Literatures 47.1 (2016): 5775. Accessed April 5, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mbembe, Achille. On the Postcolony. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Moudileno, Lydie. Magical Realism: Arme miraculeuse for the African Novel?Research in African Literatures 37.1 (2006): 2841. Accessed May 13, 2013.Google Scholar
n.a.“Zambia: Tomorrow the Moon.” TIME magazine. October 30, 1964.Google Scholar
Ngugi wa Thiong’o. Wizard of the Crow. Translated by Ngugi wa Thiong’o. New York: Pantheon, 2006.Google Scholar
Olukotun, Deji Bryce. Nigerians in Space. Los Angeles: Unnamed Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Olukotun, Deji Bryce. “Meeting my Protagonist.” Slate. September 19, 2014. Accessed March 1, 2016. http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2014/09/nigerians_in_space_my_sci_fi_novel_turned_out_to_be_closer_to_the_truth.html.Google Scholar
Patterson, Kate. “Meet the Filmmaker: Frances Bodomo.” Sloan Science & Film (blog). May 6, 2015. Accessed April 5, 2016. http://scienceandfilm.org/articles/2557/meet-the-filmmaker-frances-bodomo.Google Scholar
Pratt, Mary Louise. “Modernity and Periphery: Toward a Global and Relational Analysis,” in Beyond Dichotomies, edited by Elizabeth Mudimbe-Boyi. 2148. Albany, NY: SUNY, 2002.Google Scholar
Rieder, John. Colonialism and the Emergence of Science Fiction. Middleton, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Seymour, Tom. “Cristina de Middel: Lady Isn’t Waiting.” British Journal of Photography. March 30, 2016. Accessed May 5, 2016. http://www.bjp-online.com/2016/03/cristina-de-middel-lady-isnt-waiting/.Google Scholar
Smith, Eric D. Globalization, Utopia, and Postcolonial Science Fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.Google Scholar
Suvin, Darko. Metamorphoses of Science Fiction: On the Poetics and History of a Literary Genre. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.Google Scholar
Trinidad, Erik R. “Donations to a Country Going to Mars.” The Global Trip (blog). April 18, 2004. Accessed February 15, 2016. http://blogs.bootsnall.com/theglobaltrip/updates/002234.shtml.Google Scholar
Williams, Raymond. “Utopia and Science Fiction,” in Culture and Materialism, 196212. New York: Verso, 1980.Google Scholar