1 For the situation in the early Middle Ages see Herren, M. W., ‘Evidence for “Vulgar Greek” from early medieval Latin texts and manuscripts’, in Herren, M. W. (ed.), The Sacred Nectar of the Greeks: the Study of Greek in the West in the Early Middle Ages (London 1988) 57–84 Google Scholar and Peri, M., ‘Neograeca Medii Aevi Romanici: tracce di conoscenza del neogreco in testi latini dal VII al XV secolo’, in Panagiotakis, N. M. (ed.), Origini della letteratura neogreca, II (Venice 1993) 503-44Google Scholar.

2 See Harris, J., Greek Emigres in the West 1400-1520 (Camberley 1995) 24–38 Google Scholar.

3 For instance, Fazio degli Uberti, a Florentine exile who in his didactic poem Dittamondo III. 23, vv. 28-39 (written between 1346 and 1367) quotes a few phrases in Greek: γεια σου; καλώς ήρθες; ειπέ το (for ειπέ μου), ξεύρεις φράγκικα; είμαι ρωμαίος; ξεύρω; παρακαλώ σε, φίλος μου (for φίλε μου); μίλησε φράγκικα; μετά χαράς: see Renier, R., ‘Alcuni versi greci del Dittamondo’, Giornale di Filologia Romanza 7 (1880) 18–33 Google Scholar, at 30-1. It is not known where and how Fazio learned these phrases. On the knowledge of Greek among the Venetians, see Lauxtermann, M. D., ‘Linguistic encounters: the presence of spoken Greek in sixteenth-century Venice’, due to be published in the proceedings of the conference Renaissance Encounters: Greek East and Latin West (Princeton, 12-14 Nov. 2009)Google Scholar.

4 See, for instance, Williams, G. (ed.), The Itineraries of William Wey Fellow of Eton College to Jerusalem, A.D. 1458 and A.D. 1462; and to Saint James of Compostella, A.D. 1456 (London 1857) 102-15Google Scholar and 140-2 and von Groote, E. (ed.), Die Pilgerfahrt des Ritters Arnold Von Harff (...) wie er sie in den Jahren 1496 bis 1499 vollendet, beschrieben und durch Zeichnungen erläutert hat (Cologne 1860) 75-6Google Scholar. Both phrasebooks have been reprinted by Banfi, E., Quattro ‘lessici neogreci’ della turcocrazia: notizie di interesse linguistico nelle relazioni di viaggiatori in ambiente romeico tra i secoli XVI e XVII (Milan 1985) 28–54 Google Scholar. It is unlikely that the following two phrasebooks ever reached the West: Vasmer, M. (ed.), Ein russisch-byzantinisches Gesprächbuch. Beiträge zur Erforschung der älteren russischen Lexikographie (Leipzig 1922)Google Scholar and Lehfeldt, W. (ed.), Eine Sprachlehre von der Hohen Pforte. Ein arabisch-persisch-griechisch-serbisches Gesprächslehrbuch vom Hofe des Sultans aus dem 15. Jahrhundert als Quelle für die Geschichte der serbischen Sprache (Cologne and Vienna 1989)Google Scholar.

5 See Botley, P., Learning Greek in Western Europe, 1396-1529: Grammars, Lexica, and Classroom Texts (Philadelphia 2010)Google Scholar.

6 Carpinato, C., ‘Appunti di lessicografia in greco volgare’, in Kaklamanis, S., Markopoulos, A. and Mavromatis, G. (eds), Ενθύμησις Νικολάου M. Παναγιωτάκη (Irakleio 2000) 107-39Google Scholar, at 114-16.

7 Carpinato, ‘Appunti’, 116-119 (all the editions mentioned are reprints). Note that the glossary in the travelogue of Jean Paterne (1582) is obviously based on the Vocabolario nuovo and is, therefore, not an independent source, as its editor, Banfi, Quattro Lessici, 55-66, seems to think.

8 The Corona Preciosa has been partially reprinted by Tonnet, H., ‘La Corona Preciosa (1527): édition du texte et étude des emprunts latins et néo-latins’, Cahiers Balkaniques 19 (1993) 65–107 Google Scholar, on the basis of a badly damaged copy in Paris; I checked his readings against a copy in the Dawkins Archive at Oxford, which happens to be in pristine state. Tonnet’s edition is marred by annoying typographical errors: to mention just a few, νταρούνη instead of νταρδούνη (= νταρδούνι, spear), σγόβος instead of σγόμπος (hunchbacked), and ψηνόπωρο instead of ψημόπωρο (= ψιμόπωρο, autumn). There are also quite a few entries missing in his edition: for instance, μουλάρι, τρία and των γυναικών τα συνήθεια.

9 For the lexicographical aspects of the Corona Preciosa, see Tonnet, ‘Corona’, 66-71 and 102-7 (on pp. 66-9 Tonnet refers to an unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Georgoudis, C., La lexicographie du néogrec de Sabio (1527) à Coray (ci. 1800) (Strasbourg 1992) 70–97 Google Scholar; this dissertation was unavailable to me); Carpinato, ‘Appunti’, 111-12; Carpinato, C., ‘Lessicografia greca cinquecentesca: la Corona Preciosa come archetipo’, in Consani, C. and Mucciante, L. (eds), Norma e variazione nel diasistema greco (Alessandria 2001) 135-48Google Scholar.

10 See Vitti, M., ‘A proposito dei Φραγκοχιώτικα’, Αθηνά 65 (1961) 239-43Google Scholar, at 241-2, and idem, Nicola Sofianòs e la commedia dei Tre Tiranni di A. Ricchi (Naples 1966) 28–9, n. 3.

11 See Legrand, E., Bibliographie Hellénique ou description raisonnée des ouvrages publiés en grec par des Grecs aux XVe et XVIe siècles, I (Paris 1885) 199–202 Google Scholar (no. 79). Follieri, E., ‘Su alcuni libri greci stampati a Venezia nella prima metà del Cinquecento’, in Contributi alla storia del libro italiano. Miscellanea in onore di Lamberto Donati (Florence 1969) 119-64Google Scholar and eadem, ‘Il libro greco per i Greci nelle imprese editoriali romane e veneziane della prima metà del Cinquecento’, in H. G. Beck, M. Manoussacas and A. Pertusi (eds), Venezia centro di mediazione tra Oriente e Occidente (secoli XV-XVI), II (Florence 1977) 483-508; both studies have been reprinted in eadem, Byzantina et Italograeca. Studi di filologia e di paleografia (Rome 1997) 67-110 and 249-72. Layton, E., The Sixteenth-Century Greek Book in Italy: Printers and Publishers for the Greek World (Venice 1994) 209 Google Scholar, 384–5 and 404–5. Stevanoni, C., ‘La grande stagione dei libri greci’, in Sandal, E. (ed.), Il mestier de le stamperie de i libri. Le vicende e i percorsi dei tipografi di Sabbio Chiese tra Cinque e Seicento e l’opera dei Nicolini (Brescia 2002) 83–110 Google Scholar, at 90-2.

12 This explains why the copy in the Dawkins collection bears on its front cover the famous Aldine logo of a dolphin wrapped around an anchor, for which see Roberts, W., Printers’ Marks: a Chapter in the History of Typography (London and New York 1893) 218-20Google Scholar.

13 See Witcombe, C. L. C. E., Copyright in the Renaissance: Prints and the Privilegio in Sixteenth-Century Venice and Rome (Leiden and Boston 2004) 41-5Google Scholar. For printers’ privileges in early Greek prints, see Kyriaki-Manessi, D., A Subject Analysis of the Greek Language Books Printed between 1474 and 1669 (unpublished PhD thesis, Toronto 1993) 235-47Google Scholar.

14 Legrand, , Bibliographie Hellénique [...] XVe et XVIe siècles, III (Paris 1903), 417 Google Scholar (no. 439) and IV (Paris 1906), 131-2 (no. 642). Follieri, ‘Su alcuni libri greci’, 128, n. 15. Iliou, Ph., Πμοσθήκες στην ελληνική βιβλιογμαφία. A’. Ta βιβλιογραφικά κατάλοιπα του E. Legrand και του H. Pernot (1515-1799) (Athens 1973) 51-3Google Scholar. Papadopoulos, Th., ‘Προσθήκες στην ελληνική βιβλιογραφία’, О Εμανιστής 14 (1977) 138-84Google Scholar, at 149 (no. 15). Papadopoulos, Th., Ελληνική βιβλιογραφία (1466 ci.-1800), I (Athens 1984) 133 Google Scholar, nos. 1797-1801. Layton, The Sixteenth-Century Greek Book, 206. Carpinato, ‘Appunti’, 111 and 119. For the 1548 edition (Venetiis: apud Ioannem Andream Vauassorem cognomine Guadagninum), see the website of the Sistema Bibliotecario Nazionale (www.sbn.it).

15 See Iliou, Πμοσθήκες στην ελληνική βιβλιογμαφία, 51–2. Papadopoulos, , Ελληνική βιβλιογραψία, I, 133 Google Scholar, no. 1802. For a seventeenth-century manuscript copy made by a certain Demetrio Chiodo, an orthodox priest in the region of Cosenza, see Mosino, F., ‘Un glossario italiano-greco da Civita (sec. XVII)’, Atti del Sodalizio Glottologico Milanese 28 (1989) 89–116 Google Scholar.

16 See the websites of the Copac National, Academic, and Specialist Library Catalogue (copac.ac.uk), the Sistema bibliotecario Nazionale (www.sbn.it), the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana (www.vaticanlibrary.vatlib. it), the Système Universitaire de Documentation (www.sudoc.abes.fr), the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (www.bnf.fr), the Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog (www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/kvk) and the Bibliothèek van de Universiteit van Amsterdam (www.uba.uva.nl).

17 Corona pretiosa laquai insegna la lingua Greca volgare & literale, Et la lingua Latina & il volgar Italico con molta facilita & prestezza, nuovamente emendata. Στέφανος χρήσιμος ήγουν στέφανος τίμιος, άρτίως έπαναρθρωμένη ύφ’ ής ε”ξεστι μανθάνειν τήν ίδιωτικην και τήν άττικήν γλώσσαν των Γραικών. ëu δε κα’ι τήν γραμματικήν καΧ τήν ίδιωτικήν γλώσσαν τών Λατίνων μετά εύκοΑίας καϊ έν όλίγφ χρόνψ.

18 The 1546, 1548, 1549 and 1567 editions offer the same title as that of 1543, but with spelling mistakes in the Greek: Στέφανος χρύσιμος [. ..] ύφ’ ής εξιστι μανθόνειν την ίδιοτικήν και την άττικην γλωσσαν [...] την ίδιοτικήν γλώσσαν των Λατίνων [...].

19 On this monumental edition, see Fischer, H., ‘Conrad Gessner as Bibliographer and Encyclopedist’, The Library, fifth series, 21 (1966) 269-81CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

20 Pandectarum sive partitionum universalium Conradi Gesneri Tigurini, medici & philosophiae professoris, libri XXI, I (Zurich 1548) 35^v.

21 Colombai, B. and Peters, M. (eds), Conrad Gessner. Mithridate: Mithridates (1555). Introduction, texte latin, traduction française, annotation et index (Geneva 2009) 206-7Google Scholar. I have compared this reprint of the 1555 edition with the second revised edition: Waserus, C. (ed.), Mithridates Gesneri, exprimens differentias linguarum etc. Editio altera (Zurich 1610) 52r–53r Google Scholar.

22 (1) о πάπας και о αντίχριστος απέ μιαν μάναν ένε γεννημένοι (Gessner: εγεγιενημενι), (2) τρεις καρδινάληδες εφτά δνάβολοι (Gessner: ευδα), (3) τρία κακά, λαμπρόν, γυναίκα, θάλασσα, (4) καρδιά ρηγάδων εις χέριν κυρίου, (5) о λαγός εγλήγορα τρέχει, αλλά με τ’ αμάξιν πιάνεται (Gessner: μετα αμαξιν). The Cypriot was apparently not an entirely reliable informant: the first two ‘proverbs’ are anti-Catholic rhetoric, no. 3 is a Cypriot rendering of the ancient proverb: τρία κακά, πϋρ, γυνή, θάλασσα, no. 4 is a Biblical proverb: καρδία βασιλέως έν χειρ’ι Θεοϋ (Proverbs 21:1), and no. 5 is an Italian proverb: ‘pigliare la lepre col carro’ (see the Crusca dictionary of the Italian language (1612; numerous reprints) and the Thesaurus Proverbiorum Medii Aevi, V (Berlin 1997) 415).

23 See Toufexis, P., Das Alphabetum vulgáris linguae graecae des deutschen Humanisten Martin Crusius (1526-1607). Ein Beitrag zur Erforschung der gesprochenen griechischen Sprache im 16. Jh. (Cologne 2005) 159–244 Google Scholar.

24 The information in the Pandectae was copied by Neander, M., Sanctae linguae hebraeae erotemata (Basel 1565) 261 Google Scholar; Schelhorn, J. G., Amoenitates literariae etc. Editio altera correctior (Frankfurt and Leipzig 1730) 422 Google Scholar; Vogt, J., Catalogus historico-criticus librorum rariorum etc. (Hamburg 1753) 137 Google Scholar; and Clarke, A., A Bibliographical Dictionary Containing a Chronological Account, etc., II (Liverpool and London 1802) 50 Google Scholar. The same source was used by Simmler, J., Bibliotheca institutu et collecta, primum a Conrado Gesnerio, deinde in epitomen redacta, etc. (Zurich 1583) 668 Google Scholar, who, however, provided additional information: Borrani was born in Brissago, near Lake Maggiore, and was active around the year 1544. Mithridates was pillaged by Camerino, A. Rocca a, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana a Sixto V Pont. Max. in splendiorem commodioremque locum translata etc. (Rome 1591) 327 Google Scholar, who also copied Simmler’s additional information. Schelhorn, Vogt, Simmler and Rocca were summarized by Mazzuchelli, G., Gli scrittori d’Italia, II (Brescia 1763) 1782 Google Scholar.

25 On Stephanus as lexicographer, see Considine, J., Dictionaries in Early Modern Europe: Lexicography and the Making of Heritage (Cambridge 2008) 56–100 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

26 H. Stephani, Dialogus de bene instituendis graecae linguae studiis; eiusdem alius dialogus de parum fidis graecae linguae magistris et de cautione in illis legendis adhibenda (s.l., 1587) 133–6. The collocation ‘γραμματική γλώσσα’ that he took offence to is clearly an Italianism: ‘la lingua letterale’, namely Latin.

27 See Toufexis, , Das Alphabetum, 17, n. 13 Google Scholar and 80, n. 135.

28 See the letters to Theodosios Zygomalas and Salomon Schweigger discussed by Toufexis, Das Alphabetum, 77-87 and 102-4.

29 ‘Num Lexicon esset hodiernae barbarograecae linguae (tantum ego libellum, Venetiis excusum, habeo, titulo, Corona preciosa) num Grammatica, num Novum Testamentum, in eadem lingua: et num ea nancisci iusto precio possim’: Moennig, U., ‘On Martin Crusius’s collection of Greek vernacular and religious books’, BMGS 21 (1997) 40–78 Google Scholar, at 47; see ibid., 46-8 and 71 (no. 4).

30 Meursii, I., Glossarium graeco-barbarum in quo praeter vocabula quinque milita quadrigenta, officia atque dignitates Imperij Constantinop. tam in palatio, quam ecclesia aut militia, explicantur, & illustrantur. Editio altera, emendata, & circiter 1800 vocabulis aucta (Leiden 1614)Google Scholar: see the index, s.v. Corona Pretiosa.

31 ‘In corona pretiosa et aliis dictionariis Graecae vulgaris multi occurrunt errores, quia tales libri hactenus non sunt a Graecis natis scripti, sed ab alienigenis. Ut coronam pretiosam mercator Venetus scripsit’: Moennig, U., ‘О Μητροφάνης Κριτόπουλος μεταφραστής δημωδών ελληνικών στίχων (Στρασβούργο 1627)’, Θησαυρίσματα 22 (1992) 361-71Google Scholar, at 363. See also Moennig, U., ‘Matthias Berneggers Handexemplar des Glossarium graecobarbarum des Ioannes Meursius mit Korrekturen des Metrophanes Kritopulos’, in Eideneier, H. (ed.), Graeca recentiora in Germania: deutsch-griechische Kulturbeziehungen vom 15. bis 19. Jahrhundert (Wiesbaden 1994) 161-98Google Scholar, at 164, n. 18.

32 See the introduction to his grammar of vernacular Greek: Dyovouniotis, K. I., ‘Μητροφάνους Κριτοπσΰλου Γραμματική της απλής ελληνικής’, Επιστημονική Επετηρίς Θεολογικής Σχολής Πανεπιστημίου Λθηνών 1 (1924) 97–123 Google Scholar, at 104-8.

33 Dictionarium latinum, graeco-barbarum, et litterale, etc., auctore Simone Portio, S. Th. doctore, de mandato D. Cardinalis de Richelieu (Paris 1636) (on the title page the date given is 1635, but the colophon provides the correct date, 1636).

34 Germano, G., Vocabolario italiano e greco, nel quale si contiene come le voci italiane si dicano in greco volgaro (Rome 1622)Google Scholar. See H. Pernot, Girolamo Germano, Grammaire et vocabulaire du Grec vulgaire, publiés d’après l’édition de 1622 (Fontenay-sous-Bois (Seine) 1907) 26-34 and Rotolo, V., ‘To νεοελληνικό λεξικό του Girolamo Germano’, Επιστημονική Επετηρίς Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής Πανετηστημίου Αθηνών 30 (1992-5) 37–51 Google Scholar.

35 Portius, Dictionarmm, 57. Pernot, Girolamo Germano, 130: ‘boia μπόϊας ô, δήμιος ό’.

36 S.v. ‘boia’ and ‘manigoldo’. Apart from the Corona Preciosa, the word is found only in Stefanos Sachlikis’ Council of Whores: ed. Wagner, G., Carmina Graeca Medii Aevi (Leipzig 1874) 94 Google Scholar, v. 438.

37 Portius, Dictionarium, 386. Corona, s.v. propizio.

38 Thesaurus encyclopaedicae basis quadrilinguis etc., collectus a D. Gerasimo Vlacho Cretensi etc. (Venice 1659) 141, 167 and 655.

39 du Cange, C. du Fresne, Glossarium ad scriptores mediae & infimae graecitatis duos in tomos digestum, II (Lyon 1688)Google Scholar, Index Auctorum, 61. On Du Cange as lexicographer see Considine, Dictionaries in Early Modern Europe, 250-87.

40 Tribbechovi, J., Brevia linguae φωμαϊκής, sive Graecae vulgaris, elementa etc. (Jena 1705)Google Scholar. In § XXIV he quotes the comments by Gessner (see n. 20) and Kritopoulos (see n. 31) on the Corona.

41 Langii, J. M., Philologiae barbaro-graecae pars prior etc. (Nuremberg and Altdorf 1708)Google Scholar and Philologiae barbaro-graecae pars altera etc. (Altdorf 1707) § XXI.

42 Tesoro della lingua greca volgare ed italiana etc. Opera postuma dal Padre Alessio da Somavera, capuano francese, etc., e posta in luce dal Padre Tomaso da Parigi, etc. (Paris 1709) 74 and 433.

43 Mercado, P., Nova encyclopaedia missionis apostolicae in Regno Cypri, etc. (Rome 1732)Google Scholar.

44 Korais, A., Άτακτα, ήγονν παντοδαπών εις την αμχαίαν και την νέαν ελληνικήν γλώσσαν αυτοσχεδίων σημειώσεων, και τινών άλλων υπομνημάτων, αυτοσχέδιος συναγωγή, IV (Paris 1832) 656 Google Scholar.

45 Fr. Mullachius, G. A. (ed.), Demetrii Zeni Paraphrasis Batrachomyomachiae vulgati graecorum sermone scripta (Berlin 1837) 119 Google Scholar.

46 Warton, T., The History of English Poetry from the Close of the Eleventh to the Commencement of the Eighteenth Century, I (London 1775) 351 Google Scholar: ‘On account of the Greco-barbarous books, which began to grow common, chiefly in Italy, about the year 1520, Stephen a Sabio [...] published a Greco-barbarous lexicon at Venice, 1527, entitled ‘Corona Pretiosa’ [...]. It is a mixture of modern and ancient Greek words, Latin and Italian. It was reprinted at Venice by Petrus Burana, 1546’. The part about Borrani goes back to the Gessner tradition: see n. 24.

47 ‘Denn in einem griechischen Alphabetario und Glossario, Venedig 1527, das vier Sprachen, die Vulgargriechische, Wällsche, die gelehrte Griechische, und das Lateinische enthält, finde ich das Vulgargriechische πολιτικη durch das Wällsche putana übersetzt’: Eideneier, H., ‘O συγγραφέας του «Έρωτος Αποτελέσματα»’, Θησαυρίσματα 24 (1994) 282-5Google Scholar, at 284, n. 3. On Alter see Chatzipanagioti-Sangmeister, I., ‘H ελληνόθεμη αρθρογραφία του Franz Karl Alter στο περιοδικό Allgemeiner Litterarischer Anzeiger (1796-1801)’, Κονδυλοφόρος 4 (2005) 275–330 Google Scholar.

48 Pietro Borrani hailed from Brissago (near Ascona, on Lake Maggiore), studied in Bologna and became professor of Ancient Greek, first in Bologna and afterwards in Parma. Dates of birth and death are unknown, but Simmler (see above, n. 24) gives his floruit as 1544. In 1540 he received the title of ‘cavaliere’ from the bishop of Mallorca and in 1572 he was granted a pension by the Duke of Parma, Ottavio Farnese. See Follieri, ‘Il libro greco’, 501-2, n. 93 and the Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (www.hls-dhs-dss.ch), s.v. Borrani, Pietro.

49 Panagiotakis, N. M., ‘To κείμενο της πρώτης έκδοσης του «Αποκόπου»’, Θησαυρίσματα 21 (1991) 89–209 Google Scholar, at 97-8, n. 2; Tonnet, , ‘Corona’, 68, n. 3 Google Scholar.

50 Corona Preciosa, A ii^r–v: ‘Et per pro/cedere con ordine, ho cominciato da lo Alphabeto Latino & Greco aguagliando l’uno con l’altro, dapoi ho posto la distintione delle consonanti, mute, vocali, diphthongi Greci Se Latini, & la differentia delle letere doppie, & sempie, insieme con le abreviature usitate in letere grece, mediante lo opportuno agiuto di Misser Pietro Borrane etc.’

51 Carpinato, , ‘Appunti’, 112, n. 17 Google Scholar, sees a connection with the Operetta bellissima da imparare la lingua greca (Rome 1510): this rare booklet was not available to me, but I suspect that, like so many other sixteenth-century language manuals, it ultimately goes back to the Aldine Appendix.

52 In hoc libro continentur. Constantini Lascaris Erotemata etc. (Venice 1495): see the gathering numbered A i-viii at the end of the grammar. The following pages B i-ii contain the Lord’s Prayer and the Hail Mary, just as in the Corona Preciosa. A slightly revised version is found in Aldus’ Latin grammar of 1508. See Botley, , Learning Greek, 74, 121 Google Scholar (no. 15) and 126 (no. 33).

53 Corona Preciosa, A iiii^v: information on γ before γ, к and χ, on τ after v, on ευ and αυ, on β which ‘se proferisce in alcuni luochi per v’, for instance: αβε, ave (only ‘in alcuni luochi’?), and τζ which ‘se proferisce per c’, for instance: όράτζιο, oracio.

54 For which see Tancke, G., Die italienischen Wörterbücher von den Anfängen bis zum Erscheinen des “Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca” (1612): Bestandsaufnahme und Analyse (Tübingen 1984)Google Scholar and Bart, A. Rossebastiano, ‘Alle origini della lessicografia italiana’, Lexique 4 (1986) 113-56Google Scholar.

55 As rightly noted by Georgoudis, La lexicographie (see above n. 9), quoted in Tonnet, ‘Corona’, 69.

56 See Carpinato, ‘Lessicografia greca cinquecentesca’, 138-42.

57 Mavroidi, F., ‘“Inquisitio” patriarcale sopra un orologio greco (1524–1527)’, Bollettino della Badia Greca di Grottaferrata 27 (1973) 43–53 Google Scholar. See also Fedalto, G., Ricerche storiche sulla posizione giuridica ed ecclesiastica dei Greci a Venezia nei secoli XV e XVI (Florence 1967) 64-5Google Scholar, 86-7 and 130-1 and Follieri, ‘Il libro greco’, 491-9 and 507-8.

58 For the dedication see the preface. For Andrea Gritti see the studies in Tafuri, M. (ed.), Renovatio Urbis: Venezia nell’età di Andrea Gritti (1523-1538) (Rome 1984)Google Scholar and Bugh, G. R., ‘Andrea Gritti and the Greek Stradiots of Venice in the early 16th century’, Θησαυμίσματα 32 (2002) 81–96 Google Scholar. One of his sons, Alvise Gritti, was the right hand of Ibrahim Pasha, the Grand Vizier of Süleyman the Magnificent: see Papo, G. Németh and Papo, A., Ludovico Gritti: un principe-mercante del Rinascimento tra Venezia, i Turchi e la corona d’Ungheria (Mariano del Friuli 2002)Google Scholar.

59 See Geanakoplos, D. J., Greek Scholars in Venice (Cambridge, MA 1962) 167–200 Google Scholar.

60 For the heresy trial and its implications for the Corona, see Stevanoni, ‘La grande stagione’, 87-92.

61 See Karantzola, E., Τλωσσικό επίμετρο’, in Kakoulidi-Panou, E. (ed.), Ιωαννίκιος Καμτάνος. Παλαιά τε και Νέα Διαθήκη (Thessaloniki 2000) 505-50Google Scholar, at 512-14.

62 See Kriaras, E., Λεξικό της μεσαιωνικής ελληνικής δημώδους γμαμματείας 1100–1699, 17 volsGoogle Scholar. (in progress, Thessaloniki 1969–2011). For words after προβίβασις and words not attested in Kriaras, Marjolijne Janssen kindly offered her assistance and provided evidence from material collected by the Grammar of Medieval Greek project at Cambridge. I would like to reiterate my gratitude for her help.

63 Zois, L. C., Λεζικόν φιλολογικόν και ιστορικόν Ζακύνθου (Athens 1963 Google Scholar [reprint of various publications, 1898-1920]). Tsitselis, H. A., Γλωσσάριον Κεφαλληνίας (Athens 1996 Google Scholar [reprint of Νεοελληνικά Ανάλεκτα Παμνασσού 2 (1874-5) 145-368]). Mousouris, S. N., H γλώσσα της ¡θάκης (Athens 1950)Google Scholar. Lazaris, Ch., 7α Αευκαδίτικα. Ετυμολογικόν και ερμηνεντικόν λεξιλόγιον των γλωσσικών ιδιωμάτων της νήσου Λευκάδος (Ioannina 1970)Google Scholar. Chytiris, G., Κερκυραϊκό γλωσσάρι: ακατάγραφες και δίσημες λέξεις (Kerkyra 1992)Google Scholar was unavailable to me; instead I used the website kerkiraikolexiko.blogspot.com, which offers a ‘κερκυραϊκό λεξικό 5000 λέξεων’.

64 In Erotokritos V. 1354: κι εις цш μπαμπακερή κλωστήν η ζήση μου εκρεμάστη, the Heptanesian manuscript Lond. Harl. 5644 reads κλονά.

65 Compare βοθρακάς: Noukios nos. 33, 128, βοθρακός: Spanos D 32, 1509, μποθρακός: Chortatsis, Katzourbos B 41, αβορδακός: Landos, Geoponikon 239.

66 See, for instance, Politis, L., ‘Venezia come centro della stampa e della diffusione della prima letteratura neoellenica’, in Beck, H. G., Manoussacas, M. and Pertusi, A. (eds), Venezia centro di mediazione tra Oriente e Occidente (secoli XV-XVI), II (Florence 1977) 443-82Google Scholar and Carpinato, C., ‘Sull’ attività editoriale di Dimitrios Zinos presso la tipografia dei da Sabbio’, in Σύνδεσμος: Studi in onore di Rosario Anastasi, II (Catania 1991) 193–207 Google Scholar.

67 Corona Preciosa, A ii^r–iii^r = Tonnet, ‘Corona’, 72-4.

68 See Carpinato, ‘Appunti’, 114.