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Byzantium confronts its neighbours: Islam and the crusaders in the twelfth century

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2016

John France
John France*
Affiliation:
Swansea University
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Abstract

The fall of the Byzantine empire at the end of the twelfth century and the debacle of 1204 had complex causes, most of which are far beyond the scope of a short paper. However, it is very evident that military failure was a powerful element in the Byzantine collapse. The enquiry that follows seeks to establish the reasons for this failure by examining the nature of the empire’s armies and the events of particular campaigns. It is evident that sweeping generalizations about military failure need considerable qualification and that the outcome of individual expeditions was influenced by particular circumstances. Yet it does appear that it is possible to see certain general factors at work undermining, or at least limiting, the military efforts of Byzantium.

Type
Articles
Information
Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , Volume 38 , Issue 1 , 2014 , pp. 33 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © The Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies, University of Birmingham 2014

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