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The Digital Hand: How Information Technology Changed the Way Industries Worked in the United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2011

James W. Cortada
James W. Cortada
Affiliation:
James W. Cortada is a historian who conducts research on the history and management of information technology. He works at IBM.
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Abstract

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Type
Author's Note
Information
Business History Review , Volume 80 , Issue 4 , Winter 2006 , pp. 755 - 766
Copyright
Copyright © The President and Fellows of Harvard College 2006

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References

1 Castells, Manuel, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, 3 vols. (Oxford, 1996–1998Google Scholar).

2 McKenny, James L., Waves of Change: Business Evolution through Information Technology (Boston, 1995Google Scholar).

3 I have been influenced as well by the work of Nye, David E., who recently summarized his ideas in Technology Matters (Cambridge, Mass., 2006Google Scholar), and even more so by Hughes, Thomas P., particularly by his classic Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880–1930 (Baltimore, 1983Google Scholar). Everett Rogers, M., Diffusion of Innovations, on diffusion strategies, was also an influence, especially the fourth and fifth editions of his book (New York, 1995, 2003Google Scholar), as was Eric von Hippel, The Sources of Innovation (New York, 1988).

4 Cortada, James W., The Digital Hand: How Computers Changed the Work of American Manufacturing, Transportation, and Retail Industries (New York, 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar).

5 Cortada, James W., The Digital Hand: How Computers Changed the Work of American Financial, Telecommunications, Media, and Entertainment Industries (New York, 2006Google Scholar).

6 Cortada, James W., The Digital Hand: How Computers Changed the Work of American Public Sector Industries (New YorkCrossRefGoogle Scholar, forthcoming).

7 I was thinking of missiles and atomic bombs, but even the latter changed as the Soviets, and later other countries, acquired them.

8 Chandler, Alfred D. Jr., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge, Mass., 1990Google Scholar).

9 Yates, Joanne, Structuring the Information Age (Baltimore, 2005Google Scholar); Norberg, Arthur L., Computers and Commerce: A Study of Technology and Management at Eckert-Mauchly Computer Company, Engineering Research Associates, and Remington Rand, 1946–1957 (Cambridge, Mass., 2005Google Scholar).

10 Lessig, Lawrence, Code: Version 2.0 (New York, 2006Google Scholar); Webster, Frank, Theories of the Information Society, 2nd ed. (Oxford, 2005Google Scholar).

11 The 2006 E-Readiness Rankings (London, 2006)Google Scholar.